An update on the diagnostic biomarkers for asthma.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Pandey R
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8140254 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Bronchial asthma is one of the most common respiratory diseases. Reversible airflow limitation, persistent airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness, and air remodeling is its main characterization. The morbidity and mortality rates of asthma increase due to air pollution. MicroRNAs are small molecules that regulate gene expression playing a part in inflammatory diseases. The designed current study aims to compare and screen circulating microRNAs targeting LIGHT as diagnostic biomarkers during asthma attack through microRNA microarray and Real Time PCR assay. Methods: Serum from 40 patients with asthma attack and 20 normal subjects was collected to detect circulating microRNAs expression profile through miRNA microarray. It is revealed that the significant differences of microRNAs level between asthmatic patients and normal controls. Target gene predictive analysis of differentially expressing microRNAs was performed to screen the miRNAs targeting LIGHT gene basing on the TargetScan bioinformatics software. Real Time PCR was conducted to further verify the realiability of the miRNA microassay and the screened specific miRNAs targeting LIGHT. Results: Asthmatic patients had a significant upper expression of miR-512-3p, miR-513b-5p, miR-5691 and lower level of miR-107, miR-140-5p, miR-17-5p compared with healthy subjects. The level of miR-140-5p and miR-107 in plasma of asthmatic patients were tightly correlated with their eosinophilic inflammation. The plasma miR-140-5p and miR-107 were needed to perform further investigation to evaluate the role as biomarkers in diagnosis of asthma.
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Project description:INTRODUCTION:Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major worldwide neurological disorder of epidemic proportions. To date, there are still no FDA-approved therapies to treat any forms of TBI. Encouragingly, there are emerging data showing that biofluid-based TBI biomarker tests have the potential to diagnose the presence of TBI of different severities including concussion, and to predict outcome. Areas covered: The authors provide an update on the current knowledge of TBI biomarkers, including protein biomarkers for neuronal cell body injury (UCH-L1, NSE), astroglial injury (GFAP, S100B), neuronal cell death (?II-spectrin breakdown products), axonal injury (NF proteins), white matter injury (MBP), post-injury neurodegeneration (total Tau and phospho-Tau), post-injury autoimmune response (brain antigen-targeting autoantibodies), and other emerging non-protein biomarkers. The authors discuss biomarker evidence in TBI diagnosis, outcome prognosis and possible identification of post-TBI neurodegernative diseases (e.g. chronic traumatic encephalopathy and Alzheimer's disease), and as theranostic tools in pre-clinical and clinical settings. Expert commentary: A spectrum of biomarkers is now at or near the stage of formal clinical validation of their diagnostic and prognostic utilities in the management of TBI of varied severities including concussions. TBI biomarkers could serve as a theranostic tool in facilitating drug development and treatment monitoring.
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Project description:BackgroundIt is unclear whether microRNAs could be a potential diagnostic biomarker for asthma or not. The objective of this study is to figure out the diagnostic value of microRNAs in asthma.MethodsLiterature retrieval, screening of publications, specific data extraction, and quality evaluation were conducted according to the standard criteria. Stata 14.0 software was used to analyze the diagnostic value of microRNA for asthma, including the combined sensitivity (Sen), specificity (Spe), the area under the curve (AUC), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR).ResultsA total of 72 studies, containing 4143 cases and 2188 controls, were included for this comprehensive analysis. None of the included publications were rated low in quality. We summarized that, compared with controls, more than 100 miRNAs were reported differently expressed in asthma, although the expression trends were inconsistent. Besides, there were five studies among these 72 articles that applied the diagnostic evaluation of microRNAs in asthma. We found that the pooled Sen, Spe, and AUC for the combination of miR-185-5p, miR-155, let-7a, miR-21, miR-320a, miR-1246, miR-144-5p, and miR-1165-3p in asthma were 0.87 (95%CI: 0.72-0.95), 0.84 (95%CI: 0.74-0.91), and 0.93 (95%CI: 0.89-0.94) individually, and the PLR, NLR, and DOR were 5.5 (95%CI: 3.1-9.7), 0.15 (95%CI: 0.07-0.36), and 35 (95%CI: 10-127) in asthma, respectively. In terms of subgroup analyses, we found that the Sen for these combination miRNAs from serum was higher than that in plasma, while the Spe in plasma worked better than that in serum. Furthermore, compared with children, the combination of above miRNAs from adults had higher Spe and similar Sen.ConclusionsFrom our analysis, the combination of miR-185-5p, miR-155, let-7a, miR-21, miR-320a, miR-1246, miR-144-5p, and miR-1165-3p from peripheral blood could potentially act as a diagnostic biomarker for asthma.The reviews of this paper are available via the supplemental material section.
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