Dataset Information

Kidney cancer mortality disparities among Hispanics in the US.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Kidney cancer incidence is increasing among Hispanics but rate differences by distinct group, such as Cuban, Puerto Rican, and Mexican have not been studied. To fill this knowledge gap, we use mortality data, reflecting fatal kidney cancers, to examine patterns by race-ethnicity, including detailed Hispanic groups, and correlate the mortality rates with each group's prevalence of known kidney cancer risk factors: smoking, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease.

Methods

We used individual-level death data for California, Florida, and New York (2008-2018), and population prevalence data from the National Health Interview Surveys (2008-2018). Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) and regression-derived mortality rate ratios (MRRs) were computed. Pearson correlation analyses assessed the extent to which group-specific risk factor prevalence explained variability in observed AAMRs.

Results

US-born Mexican Americans and American Indians had the highest rates and MRRs compared to Whites: 1.44 (95 %CI: 1.35-1.53) and 1.51 (1.38-1.64) for Mexican American men and women, respectively, and 1.54 (95 %CI: 1.25-1.89) and 1.53 (95 %CI: 1.15-2.04) for American Indians. In contrast, non-Mexican Hispanics had lower rates than Whites. Among males, positive correlations between AAMRs and smoking, obesity, and chronic kidney disease prevalence by race-ethnicity were found.

Conclusion

Mexican Americans and American Indians are high-risk for fatal kidney cancer. Disparities are only partially attributable to higher smoking and obesity prevalence, and more so among men than women. A shared risk factor profile, as well as possible genetic similarities, may explain their disproportionately higher kidney cancer mortality, but further research is warranted.

SUBMITTER: Pinheiro PS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8141025 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Kidney cancer mortality disparities among Hispanics in the US.

Pinheiro Paulo S PS Medina Heidy N HN Callahan Karen E KE Koru-Sengul Tulay T Sharma Janaki J Kobetz Erin N EN Penedo Frank J FJ

Cancer epidemiology 20210413

<h4>Introduction</h4>Kidney cancer incidence is increasing among Hispanics but rate differences by distinct group, such as Cuban, Puerto Rican, and Mexican have not been studied. To fill this knowledge gap, we use mortality data, reflecting fatal kidney cancers, to examine patterns by race-ethnicity, including detailed Hispanic groups, and correlate the mortality rates with each group's prevalence of known kidney cancer risk factors: smoking, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and chronic kidney d ...[more]

PMID: 33862414

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Project description:BackgroundPrevious studies in adult hemodialysis patients have shown that African-American and Hispanic patients have a lower risk of mortality in addition to a lower likelihood of kidney transplantation. However, studies of the association between race and outcomes in pediatric dialysis are sparse and often do not examine outcomes in Hispanic children. The objective was to determine if racial-ethnic disparities in mortality and kidney transplantation outcomes exist in pediatric dialysis patients.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort analysis of 2,697 pediatric dialysis patients (aged 0-20 years) from a large national dialysis organization (entry period 2001-2011) of non-Hispanic white, African-American, and Hispanic race-ethnicity. Associations between race-ethnicity with mortality and kidney transplantation outcomes were examined separately using competing risks methods. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association between race-ethnicity, with outcomes within 1 year of dialysis initiation.ResultsOf the 2,697 pediatric patients in this cohort, 895 were African-American, 778 were Hispanic, and 1,024 were non-Hispanic white. After adjusting for baseline demographics, competing risk survival analysis revealed that compared with non-Hispanic whites, African-Americans had a 64 % higher mortality risk (hazards ratio [HR] = 1.64; 95 % CI 1.24-2.17), whereas Hispanics had a 31 % lower mortality risk (HR = 0.69; 95 % CI 0.47-1.01) that did not reach statistical significance. African-Americans also had higher odds of 1-year mortality after starting dialysis (odds ratio [OR] = 2.08; 95 % CI 0.95-4.58), whereas both African-Americans and Hispanics had a lower odds of receiving a transplant within 1 year of starting dialysis (OR = 0.28; 95 % CI 0.19-0.41 and OR = 0.43; 95 % CI 0.31-0.59 respectively).ConclusionIn contrast to adults, African-American pediatric dialysis patients have worse survival than their non-Hispanic white counterparts, whereas Hispanics have a similar to lower mortality risk. Both African-American and Hispanic pediatric dialysis patients had a lower likelihood of kidney transplantation than non-Hispanic whites, similar to observations in the adult dialysis population.

Dataset Information

Kidney cancer mortality disparities among Hispanics in the US.

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Kidney cancer mortality disparities among Hispanics in the US.

Similar Datasets

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