Unrecognized perforation into the anterior interventricular vein complicating PCI for anterior STEMI: An unexpected detour
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Rothstein E
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8142412 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Ventricular free wall rupture is a rare but devastating complication. We report right ventricular free wall rupture complicating anterior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction caused by a wrap-around left anterior descending coronary artery. In acute cardiac tamponade, a rapid and systematic evaluation of the likely source of bleeding is paramount to prevent disastrous outcomes. (Level of Difficulty: Advanced.).
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Project description:We present the case of a 75-year-old man who experienced rebleeding after surgical treatment of grade III coronary perforation, resulting in intertwined complications including communicating coronary and ventricular pseudoaneurysms. The percutaneous intervention of sealing the rebleeding site with a covered stent implantation managed this rare pseudoaneurysm successfully. (Level of Difficulty: Advanced.).
| S-EPMC9434650 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Reports examining local ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) networks focused mainly on percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)-related time issues and outcomes. To validate the concept of STEMI networks in a real-world context, more data are needed on management and outcome of an unselected community based STEMI population.The current study evaluated reperfusion strategies and in-hospital mortality in 8500 unselected STEMI patients admitted to 47 community hospitals (n=3053) and 25 PCI-capable hospitals (n=5447) in the context of a nationwide STEMI network programme that started in 2007 in Belgium. The distance between the hub and spoke hospitals ranged from 2.2 to 47 km (median 15 km). A propensity score was used to adjust for differences in baseline characteristics. Reperfusion strategy was significantly different with a predominant use of primary PCI (pPCI) in PCI-capable hospitals (93%), compared to a mixed use of pPCI (71%) and thrombolysis (20%) in community hospitals. A door-to-balloon time <120 min was achieved in 83% of community hospitals and in 91% of PCI-capable hospitals (p<0.0001). In-hospital mortality was 7.0% in community hospitals versus 6.7% in PCI-capable hospitals with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.1 (95% confidence interval: 0.8-1.4). Between the periods 2007-2008 and 2009-2010, the pPCI rate in community hospitals increased from 60% to 80%, whereas the proportion of conservatively managed patients decreased from 11.1% to 7.9%.In a STEMI network with >70% use of pPCI, in-hospital mortality was comparable between community hospitals and PCI-capable hospitals. Participation in the STEMI network programme was associated with an increased adherence to reperfusion guidelines over time.
| S-EPMC3760556 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe appropriate timing to administer antithrombotic therapies in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) remains uncertain. This study aims to evaluate the role of antithrombotic therapy administration at first medical contact (FMC) compared with the administration in the Cathlab.MethodsWe conducted a "before-after" observational study enrolling STEMI undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Outcomes were evaluated during two successive periods, before (control group: aspirin only at FMC) and after (pretreated intervention group: heparin, aspirin plus ticagrelor at FMC) the introduction of a new regional pretreatment protocol.ResultsA total of 537 consecutive patients (300 in control vs. 237 in intervention group) were enrolled. The pretreated compared with no pretreated population showed better basal reperfusion, expressed as basal Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI)-flow (p for trend p < 0.001). Pretreated population showed lower frequency of TIMI 0 (56.5% vs. 73.7%, odds ratio [OR]: 0.46, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.32-0.67, p < 0.001) and higher frequency of TIMI 2-3 (33.3% vs. 19.3% OR: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.38-2.00, p < 0.001) and TIMI 3 (14.3% vs. 9.7%, OR: 1.56, 95% CI: (0.92-2.65), p = 0.094). Pretreated compared with no pretreated population showed reduced infarct size expressed as Troponin Peak (20,286 (8726-75,027) versus 48,676 (17,229-113,900), p = 0.001), and higher left ventricular ejection fraction at discharge (53% (44-59) vs. 50% (44-56), p = 0.027). In-hospital BARC ≥ 2 bleeding were similar (2.1% vs. 2.0%, p = 0.929, in pretreated versus no pretreated population, respectively).ConclusionThis study provides support for an early pretreatment strategy in STEMI patients and confirmed the importance of an efficient organization of STEMI networks which allow initiation of antithrombotic treatment at FMC.
| S-EPMC9546098 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy of pharmacoinvasive strategy versus primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Primary PCI is the preferred treatment for STEMI, but it is not a feasible option for many. A pharmacoinvasive strategy might be a practical solution in the Indian context, although few empirical data exist to guide this approach.MethodsThis is a prospective, observational, multicentre pilot study. Two hundred consecutive patients with STEMI aged 18-75 years, presenting within 12 h of onset of symptoms and requiring a reperfusion strategy, were studied from five primary PCI capable centres in South India. Patients who opted for pharmacoinvasive strategy (n=45) formed group A. Group B consisted of patients treated with primary PCI (n=155). One patient was lost to follow-up at 1 year. The primary end point was a composite of death, cardiogenic shock, reinfarction, repeat revascularisation of a culprit artery and congestive heart failure at 30 days.ResultsThe primary end point occurred in 11.1% in group A and in 3.9% in group B, p=0.07 (RR=2.87; 95% CI 0.92 to 8.97). The infarct-related artery patency at angiogram was 82.2% in group A and 22.6% in group B (p<0.001). PCI was performed in 73.3% in group A versus 100% in group B (p<0.001), and a thrombus was present in 26.7% in group A versus 63.2% in group B (p<0.001). Failed fibrinolysis occurred in 12.1% in group A. There was no difference in bleeding risk, 2.2% in group A versus 0.6% in group B, (p=0.4).ConclusionsThis pilot study shows that a pharmacoinvasive strategy can be implemented in patients not selected for primary PCI in India and hints at the possibility of similar outcomes. Larger studies are required to confirm these findings.Trial registration numberTRIAL IS REGISTERED WITH CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY OF INDIA, CTRI NUMBER: REF/2011/07/002556.
| S-EPMC4189336 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The mitochondrial matrix GTPase NOA1 is a nuclear encoded protein, essential for mitochondrial protein synthesis, oxidative phosphorylation and ATP production. Here, we demonstrate that newly translated NOA1 protein is imported into the nucleus, where it localizes to the nucleolus and interacts with UBF1 before nuclear export and import into mitochondria. Mutation of the nuclear localization signal (NLS) prevented both nuclear and mitochondrial import while deletion of the N-terminal mitochondrial targeting sequence (MTS) or the C-terminal RNA binding domain of NOA1 impaired mitochondrial import. Absence of the MTS resulted in accumulation of NOA1 in the nucleus and increased caspase-dependent apoptosis. We also found that export of NOA1 from the nucleus requires a leptomycin-B sensitive, Crm1-dependent nuclear export signal (NES). Finally, we show that NOA1 is a new substrate of the mitochondrial matrix protease complex ClpXP. Our results uncovered an unexpected, mandatory detour of NOA1 through the nucleolus before uptake into mitochondria. We propose that nucleo-mitochondrial translocation of proteins is more widespread than previously anticipated providing additional means to control protein bioavailability as well as cellular communication between both compartments.
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Project description:The differential diagnosis of true aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms is challenging, and multimodality cardiac imaging is often necessary. We report a case in which the limitations of these techniques are exposed, showing that post-operative evaluation of tissue layers remains the gold standard in establishing this diagnosis. (Level of Difficulty: Beginner.).
| S-EPMC8310941 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Nocardia infection following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) allograft reconstruction is a rare occurrence. We report a case of Nocardia infection of an allograft ACL reconstruction and septic arthritis of the knee joint due to an organism most similar to the novel Nocardia species Nocardia aobensis.
| S-EPMC4508406 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveStrict control measures under the COVID epidemic have brought an inevitable impact on ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)'s emergency treatment. We investigated the impact of the COVID on the treatment of patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI.MethodsIn this single center cohort study, we selected a time frame of 6 month after declaration of COVID-19 infection (Jan 24-July 24, 2020); a group of STEMI patients in the same period of 2019 was used as control. Finally, a total of 246 STEMI patients, who were underwent primary PCI, were enrolled into the study (136 non COVID-19 outbreak periods and 110 COVID-19 outbreak periods). The impact of COVID on the time of symptom onset to the first medical contact (symptom-to-FMC) and door to balloon (D-to-B) was investigated. Moreover, the primary outcome was in-hospital major adverse cardiac events (MACE), defined as a composite of cardiac death, heart failure and malignant arrhythmia.ResultsCompared with the same period in 2019, there was a 19% decrease in the total number of STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI at the peak of the pandemic in 2020. The delay in symptom-to-FMC was significantly longer in COVID Outbreak period (180 [68.75, 342] vs 120 [60,240] min, P = 0.003), and the D-to-B times increased significantly (148 [115-190] vs 84 [70-120] min, P < 0.001). However, among patients with STEMI, MACE was similar in both time periods (18.3% vs 25.7%, p = 0.168). On multivariable analysis, COVID was not independently associated with MACE; the history of diabetes, left main disease and age>65 years were the strongest predictors of MACE in the overall population.ConclusionsThe COVID pandemic was not independently associated with MACE; suggesting that active primary PCI treatment preserved high-quality standards even when challenged by a severe epidemic.Clinical trial registrationURL: https://ClinicalTrials.gov Unique identifier: NCT04427735.
| S-EPMC8611919 | biostudies-literature