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Hydroxyapatite reinforced inorganic-organic hybrid nanocomposite as high-performance adsorbents for bilirubin removal in vitro and in pig models.

ABSTRACT: Highly efficient removal of bilirubin from whole blood directly by hemoperfusion for liver failure therapy remains a challenge in the clinical field due to the low adsorption capacity, poor mechanical strength and low biocompatibility of adsorbents. In this work, a new class of nanocomposite adsorbents was constructed through an inorganic-organic co-crosslinked nanocomposite network between vinyltriethoxysilane (VTES)-functionalized hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (V-Hap) and non-ionic styrene-divinylbenzene (PS-DVB) resins (PS-DVB/V-Hap) using suspension polymerization. Notably, our adsorbent demonstrated substantially improved mechanical performance compared to the pure polymer, with the hardness and modulus increasing by nearly 3 and 2.5 times, respectively. Moreover, due to the development of a mesoporous structure, the prepared PS-DVB/V-Hap3 exhibited an ideal adsorption capacity of 40.27 mg g^-1. More importantly, the obtained adsorbent beads showed outstanding blood compatibility and biocompatibility. Furthermore, in vivo extracorporeal hemoperfusion verified the efficacy and biosafety of the adsorbent for directly removing bilirubin from whole blood in pig models, and this material could potentially prevent liver damage and improve clinical outcomes. Taken together, the results suggest that PS-DVB/V-Hap3 beads can be used in commercial adsorption columns to threat hyperbilirubinemia patients through hemoperfusion, thus replacing the existing techniques where plasma separation is initially required.

SUBMITTER: Chai Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8144535 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Rice and wheat husks were converted to biochars by slow pyrolysis (1 h) at 600 °C. Iron oxide rice husk hybrid biochar (RHIOB) and wheat husk hybrid biochar (WHIOB) were synthesized by copyrolysis of FeCl3-impregnated rice or wheat husks at 600 °C. These hybrid sorbents were characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), SEM-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, physical parameter measurement system, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area techniques. Fe3O4 was the predominant iron oxide present with some Fe2O3. RHIOB and WHIOB rapidly chemisorbed As(III) from water (?24% removal in first half an hour reaching up to ?100% removal in 24 h) at surface Fe-OH functions forming monodentate ?Fe-OAs(OH)2 and bidentate (?Fe-O)2AsOH complexes. Optimum removal occurred in the pH 7.5-8.5 range for both RHIOB and WHIOB, but excellent removal occurred from pH 3 to 10. Batch kinetic studies at various initial adsorbate-adsorbent concentrations, temperatures, and contact times gave excellent pseudo-second-order model fits. Equilibrium data were fitted to different sorption isotherm models. Fits to isotherm models (based on R 2 and ?2) on RHIOB and WHIOB followed the order: Redlich-Peterson > Toth > Sips = Koble-Corrigan > Langmuir > Freundlich = Radke-Prausnitz > Temkin and Sips = Koble-Corrigan > Toth > Redlich-Peterson > Langmuir > Temkin > Freundlich = Radke-Prausnitz, respectively. Maximum adsorption capacities, Q RHIOB 0 = 96 ?g/g and Q WHIOB 0 = 111 ?g/g, were obtained. No As(III) oxidation to As(V) was detected. Arsenic adsorption was endothermic. Particle diffusion was a rate-determining step at low (?50 ?g/L) concentrations, but film diffusion controls the rate at ?100-200 ?g/L. Binding interactions with RHIOB and WHIOB were established, and the mechanism was carefully discussed. RHIOB and WHIOB can successfully be used for As(III) removal in single and multicomponent systems with no significant decrease in adsorption capacity in the presence of interfering ions mainly Cl-, HCO3 -, NO3 -, SO4 2-, PO4 3-, K+, Na+, Ca2+. Simultaneous As(III) desorption and regeneration of RHIOB and WHIOB was successfully achieved. A very nominal decrease in As(III) removal capacity in four consecutive cycles demonstrates the reusability of RHIOB and WHIOB. Furthermore, these sustainable composites had good sorption efficiencies and may be removed magnetically to avoid slow filtration.

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Hydroxyapatite reinforced inorganic-organic hybrid nanocomposite as high-performance adsorbents for bilirubin removal in vitro and in pig models.

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