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Genomic Identification of Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella Virchow Monophasic Variant Causing Human Septic Arthritis.

ABSTRACT: The monophasic variant of Salmonella Typhimurium has emerged and increased rapidly worldwide during the past two decades. The loss of genes encoding the second-phase flagella and the acquirement of the multi-drug resistance cassette are the main genomic characteristics of the S. Typhimurium monophasic variant. In this study, two Salmonella strains were isolated from the knee effusion and feces of a 4-year-old girl who presented with a case of septic arthritis and fever, respectively. Primary serovar identification did not detect the second-phase flagellar antigens of the strains using the classical slide agglutination test. Whole-genome sequencing analysis was performed to reveal that the replacement of the fljAB operon by a 4.8-kb cassette from E. coli caused the non-expression of phase-2 flagellar antigens of the strains, which were confirmed to be a novel S. Virchow monophasic variant (Salmonella 6,7,14:r:-) by core-genome multi-locus sequence typing (cgMLST). Compared to the 16 published S. Virchow genomes, the two strains shared a unique CRISPR type of VCT12, and showed a close genetic relationship to S. Virchow BCW_2814 and BCW_2815 strains, isolated from Denmark and China, respectively, based on cgMLST and CRISPR typing. Additionally, the acquisition of Salmonella genomic island 2 (SGI2) with an antimicrobial resistance gene cassette enabled the strains to be multidrug-resistant to chloramphenicol, tetracycline, trimethoprim, and sulfamethoxazole. The emergence of the multidrug-resistant S. Virchow monophasic variant revealed that whole-genome sequencing and CRISPR typing could be applied to identify the serovaraints of Salmonella enterica strains in the national Salmonella surveillance system.

SUBMITTER: Wang Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8146543 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Genomic Identification of Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella Virchow Monophasic Variant Causing Human Septic Arthritis.

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