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Increased Macrolide Resistance Rate of M3562 Mycoplasma pneumoniae Correlated With Macrolide Usage and Genotype Shifting.

ABSTRACT: To characterize Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) strains and to clarify the continuous high rates of macrolide resistance, 1,524 oropharyngeal swabs collected from children in Beijing Children's Hospital infected with MP during 2016-2019 were analyzed. Among the 1,524 samples, 1,386 harbored mutations associated with macrolide resistance; 1,049 samples were successfully classified into 11 genotypes using multiple locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA). The proportion of the predominant type, M4572, decreased from 84.49 to 70.77% over the time period examined, while that of M3562 increased from 11.63 to 24.67%. Notably, we also found that the frequency of macrolide resistance in M3562 drastically increased, from 60% in 2016 to 93.48% in 2019. Clinical data suggested that the frequency of resistant M3562 was higher in the macrolide usage group than in the nondrug usage group (90.73 vs 53.57%, P<0.0001), while the resistance rate of M4572 was not substantially affected by previous macrolide exposure. These findings validated that antimicrobial application and clonal expansion of resistant MP strains play important roles in the high rates of macrolide resistance.

SUBMITTER: Wang Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8149950 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Abstract Background Mycoplasma pneumoniae(Mp) is one of the most common causes of LRTI in school aged children, with estimates of up to 20% of cases of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Macrolides are the drug of choice for treating Mp infections, but in the last 2 decades there has been emergence of resistance worldwide. Reported rates in USA vary from 3.5 up to 10.8%, but rates in Ohio are unknown. Currently there is no well-established, standardized method for detecting macrolide resistance and antibiotic treatment is empiric because of these limitations. Our goal was to determine the frequency of macrolide resistance in children with Mp respiratory infections in central Ohio. Methods A convenience sample of Mp positive PCR identified by our laboratory-developed assay, obtained from both inpatient and outpatient settings, were selected. These were then cultured using Remel’s SP4 glucose broth and then incubated at 35°C until isolates grew, or for a maximum of 4 weeks. All samples that yield positive cultures were then sequenced for the domain V of the 23S rRNA (nucleotide 1937–2154, accession no. X68422) using Sanger methods and sequences were compared with corresponding region of wildtype reference strain (ATCC 15322). Results For the period of October 2015-March 2017, culture was attempted in 433 PCR-positive samples, and 347 (80%) yield an isolate. Sequencing was performed in those 347 samples and was successful in 334 (96%). A macrolide resistance mutation was detected in 10 samples (3%). From the 10 mutations detected, 7 (70%) were the A2063G mutation, and 3 (30%) were A2064G. We also detected a deletion in A2065 of unknown significance in 3 samples (0.9%). Conclusion In this pediatric population, culture was successful in 80% of PCR positive samples, thus providing isolates for sequencing to be able to assess our local resistance. Our overall Mp resistance was 3%, suggesting that empiric treatment with macrolides is still appropriate in Central Ohio. Additional studies are needed to correlate the presence of these resistance mutations with phenotypic susceptibility testing and clinical outcomes. Disclosures O. Ramilo, Abbvie: Board Member, Consulting fee; Regeneron: Board Member, Consulting fee; Janssen: Board Member and Investigator, Consulting fee and Research grant; NIH: Grant Investigator, Research grant; A. Leber, BioFIre Dia gnostics: Research Contractor and Scientific Advisor, Research support, Speaker honorarium and Travel expenses

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Increased Macrolide Resistance Rate of M3562 Mycoplasma pneumoniae Correlated With Macrolide Usage and Genotype Shifting.

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