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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) research agenda for healthcare epidemiology.

ABSTRACT: This SHEA white paper identifies knowledge gaps and challenges in healthcare epidemiology research related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with a focus on core principles of healthcare epidemiology. These gaps, revealed during the worst phases of the COVID-19 pandemic, are described in 10 sections: epidemiology, outbreak investigation, surveillance, isolation precaution practices, personal protective equipment (PPE), environmental contamination and disinfection, drug and supply shortages, antimicrobial stewardship, healthcare personnel (HCP) occupational safety, and return to work policies. Each section highlights three critical healthcare epidemiology research questions with detailed description provided in supplementary materials. This research agenda calls for translational studies from laboratory-based basic science research to well-designed, large-scale studies and health outcomes research. Research gaps and challenges related to nursing homes and social disparities are included. Collaborations across various disciplines, expertise and across diverse geographic locations will be critical.

SUBMITTER: Mody L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8160487 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) research agenda for healthcare epidemiology.

Mody Lona L Akinboyo Ibukunoluwa C IC Babcock Hilary M HM Bischoff Werner E WE Cheng Vincent Chi-Chung VC Chiotos Kathleen K Claeys Kimberly C KC Coffey K C KC Diekema Daniel J DJ Donskey Curtis J CJ Ellingson Katherine D KD Gilmartin Heather M HM Gohil Shruti K SK Harris Anthony D AD Keller Sara C SC Klein Eili Y EY Krein Sarah L SL Kwon Jennie H JH Lauring Adam S AS Livorsi Daniel J DJ Lofgren Eric T ET Merrill Katreena K Milstone Aaron M AM Monsees Elizabeth A EA Morgan Daniel J DJ Perri Luci P LP Pfeiffer Christopher D CD Rock Clare C Saint Sanjay S Sickbert-Bennett Emily E Skelton Felicia F Suda Katie J KJ Talbot Thomas R TR Vaughn Valerie M VM Weber David J DJ Wiemken Timothy L TL Yassin Mohamed H MH Ziegler Matthew J MJ Anderson Deverick J DJ

Infection control and hospital epidemiology 20210125 2

This SHEA white paper identifies knowledge gaps and challenges in healthcare epidemiology research related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with a focus on core principles of healthcare epidemiology. These gaps, revealed during the worst phases of the COVID-19 pandemic, are described in 10 sections: epidemiology, outbreak investigation, surveillance, isolation precaution practices, personal protective equipment (PPE), environmental contamination and disinfection, drug and supply shortages, ...[more]

PMID: 33487199

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Project description:This is an analytical cross-sectional study of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) based on data collected between 1 November 2020 and 31 March 2021 in Casablanca focusing on the disease's epidemiological status and risk factors. A total of 4569 samples were collected and analysed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR); 967 patients were positive, representing a prevalence of 21.2 % for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The mean age was 47.5±18 years, and infection was more common in young adults (<60 years). However, all age groups were at risk of COVID-19, and in terms of disease severity, the elderly were at greater risk because of potential underlying health problems. Among the clinical signs reported in this study, loss of taste and/or smell, fever, cough and fatigue were highly significant predictors of a positive COVID-19 test result (P<0.001). An assessment of the reported symptoms revealed that 27 % of COVID-19-positive patients (n=261) experienced loss of taste and/or smell, whereas only 2 % (n=72) of COVID-19-negative patients did (P<0.001). This result was consistent between univariate (OR=18.125) and multivariate (adjusted OR=10.484) logistic regression analyses, indicating that loss of taste and/or smell is associated with a more than 10-fold higher multivariate adjusted probability of a positive COVID-19 test (adjusted OR=10.48; P<0.001). Binary logistic regression model analysis based on clinical signs revealed that loss of taste and/or smell had a performance index of 0.846 with a P<0.001, confirming the diagnostic utility of this symptom for the prediction of COVID-19-positive status. In conclusion, symptom evaluation and a RT-PCR [taking into account cycle threshold (C t) values of the PCR proxy] test remain the most useful screening tools for diagnosing COVID-19. However, loss of taste/smell, fatigue, fever and cough remain the strongest independent predictors of a positive COVID-19 result.

Dataset Information

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) research agenda for healthcare epidemiology.

Publications

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) research agenda for healthcare epidemiology.

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