Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

22 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Arctic soil patterns analogous to fluid instabilities.

ABSTRACT: Slow-moving arctic soils commonly organize into striking large-scale spatial patterns called solifluction terraces and lobes. Although these features impact hillslope stability, carbon storage and release, and landscape response to climate change, no mechanistic explanation exists for their formation. Everyday fluids-such as paint dripping down walls-produce markedly similar fingering patterns resulting from competition between viscous and cohesive forces. Here we use a scaling analysis to show that soil cohesion and hydrostatic effects can lead to similar large-scale patterns in arctic soils. A large dataset of high-resolution solifluction lobe spacing and morphology across Norway supports theoretical predictions and indicates a newly observed climatic control on solifluction dynamics and patterns. Our findings provide a quantitative explanation of a common pattern on Earth and other planets, illuminating the importance of cohesive forces in landscape dynamics. These patterns operate at length and time scales previously unrecognized, with implications toward understanding fluid-solid dynamics in particulate systems with complex rheology.

SUBMITTER: Glade RC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8166060 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Similar Datasets

SARST analysis of arctic soil samples

Project description:Analysis of microbial community composition in arctic tundra and boreal forest soils using serial analysis of ribosomal sequence tags (SARST). Keywords: other

2004-01-12 | GSE949 | GEO

Biogeographical patterns in soil bacterial communities across the Arctic region.

Project description:The considerable microbial diversity of soils and key role in biogeochemical cycling have led to growing interest in their global distribution and the impact that environmental change might have at the regional level. In the broadest study of Arctic soil bacterial communities to date, we used high-throughput DNA sequencing to investigate the bacterial diversity from 200 independent Arctic soil samples from 43 sites. We quantified the impact of spatial and environmental factors on bacterial community structure using variation partitioning analysis, illustrating a nonrandom distribution across the region. pH was confirmed as the key environmental driver structuring Arctic soil bacterial communities, while total organic carbon (TOC), moisture and conductivity were shown to have little effect. Specialist taxa were more abundant in acidic and alkaline soils while generalist taxa were more abundant in acidoneutral soils. Of the 48 147 bacterial taxa, a core microbiome composed of only 13 taxa that were ubiquitously distributed and present within 95% of samples was identified, illustrating the high potential for endemism in the region. Overall, our results demonstrate the importance of spatial and edaphic factors on the structure of Arctic soil bacterial communities.

| S-EPMC6736398 | biostudies-literature

Supernova, nuclear synthesis, fluid instabilities, and interfacial mixing.

Project description:Supernovae and their remnants are a central problem in astrophysics due to their role in the stellar evolution and nuclear synthesis. A supernova's explosion is driven by a blast wave causing the development of Rayleigh-Taylor and Richtmyer-Meshkov instabilities and leading to intensive interfacial mixing of materials of a progenitor star. Rayleigh-Taylor and Richtmyer-Meshkov mixing breaks spherical symmetry of a star and provides conditions for synthesis of heavy mass elements in addition to light mass elements synthesized in the star before its explosion. By focusing on hydrodynamic aspects of the problem, we apply group theory analysis to identify the properties of Rayleigh-Taylor and Richtmyer-Meshkov dynamics with variable acceleration, discover subdiffusive character of the blast wave-induced interfacial mixing, and reveal the mechanism of energy accumulation and transport at small scales in supernovae.

| S-EPMC6744890 | biostudies-literature

Ectomycorrhizal-dominated boreal and tropical forests have distinct fungal communities, but analogous spatial patterns across soil horizons.

Project description:Fungi regulate key nutrient cycling processes in many forest ecosystems, but their diversity and distribution within and across ecosystems are poorly understood. Here, we examine the spatial distribution of fungi across a boreal and tropical ecosystem, focusing on ectomycorrhizal fungi. We analyzed fungal community composition across litter (organic horizons) and underlying soil horizons (0-20 cm) using 454 pyrosequencing and clone library sequencing. In both forests, we found significant clustering of fungal communities by site and soil horizons with analogous patterns detected by both sequencing technologies. Free-living saprotrophic fungi dominated the recently-shed leaf litter and ectomycorrhizal fungi dominated the underlying soil horizons. This vertical pattern of fungal segregation has also been found in temperate and European boreal forests, suggesting that these results apply broadly to ectomycorrhizal-dominated systems, including tropical rain forests. Since ectomycorrhizal and free-living saprotrophic fungi have different influences on soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics, information on the spatial distribution of these functional groups will improve our understanding of forest nutrient cycling.

| S-EPMC3706605 | biostudies-literature

Survey of Functional Genes in the Arctic Soil

Project description:The objective of this study was to identify the different functional genes involved in key biogeochemical cycles in the low Arctic regions. Understanding the microbial diversity in the Arctic region is an important step to determine the effects of climate change on these areas.

2021-03-11 | GSE168623 | GEO

Nanoparticles suppress fluid instabilities in the thermal drawing of ultralong nanowires.

Project description:Ultra-long metal nanowires and their facile fabrication have been long sought after as they promise to offer substantial improvements of performance in numerous applications. However, ultra-long metal ultrafine/nanowires are beyond the capability of current manufacturing techniques, which impose limitations on their size and aspect ratio. Here we show that the limitations imposed by fluid instabilities with thermally drawn nanowires can be alleviated by adding tungsten carbide nanoparticles to the metal core to arrive at wire lengths more than 30 cm with diameters as low as 170 nm. The nanoparticles support thermal drawing in two ways, by increasing the viscosity of the metal and lowering the interfacial energy between the boron silicate and zinc phase. This mechanism of suppressing fluid instability by nanoparticles not only enables a scalable production of ultralong metal nanowires, but also serves for widespread applications in other fluid-related fields.

| S-EPMC7683681 | biostudies-literature

The Role of Local Instabilities in Fluid Invasion into Permeable Media.

Project description:Wettability is an important factor which controls the displacement of immiscible fluids in permeable media, with far reaching implications for storage of CO2 in deep saline aquifers, fuel cells, oil recovery, and for the remediation of oil contaminated soils. Considering the paradigmatic case of random piles of spherical beads, fluid front morphologies emerging during slow immiscible displacement are investigated in real time by X-ray micro-tomography and quantitatively compared with model predictions. Controlled by the wettability of the bead matrix two distinct displacement patterns are found. A compact front morphology emerges if the invading fluid wets the beads while a fingered morphology is found for non-wetting invading fluids, causing the residual amount of defending fluid to differ by one order of magnitude. The corresponding crossover between these two regimes in terms of the advancing contact angle is governed by an interplay of wettability and pore geometry and can be predicted on the basis of a purely quasi-static consideration of local instabilities that control the progression of the invading interface.

| S-EPMC5427855 | biostudies-literature

Nanometer-thick lateral polyelectrolyte micropatterns induce macrosopic electro-osmotic chaotic fluid instabilities.

Project description:Electro-convective vortices in ion concentration polarization under shear flow have been of practical relevance for desalination processes using electrodialysis. The phenomenon has been scientifically disregarded for decades, but is recently embraced by a growing fluid dynamics community due its complex superposition of multi-scale gradients in electrochemical potential and space charge interacting with emerging complex fluid momentum gradients. While the visualization, quantification and fundamental understanding of the often-chaotic fluid dynamics is evolving rapidly due to sophisticated simulations and experimentation, little is known whether these instabilities can be induced and affected by chemical topological heterogeneity in surface properties. In this letter, we report that polyelectrolyte layers applied as micropatterns on ion exchange membranes induce and facilitate the electro-osmotic fluid instabilities. The findings stimulate a variety of fundamental questions comparable to the complexity of today's turbulence research.

| S-EPMC3944711 | biostudies-literature

Survey of Functional Genes in the Arctic Soil of Pond Inlet

Project description:The objective of this study was to identify the different functional genes involved in key biogeochemical cycles in thehigh Arctic regions. Understanding the microbial diversity in the Arctic region is an important step to determine the effects of climate change on these areas.

2021-03-17 | GSE168985 | GEO

Survey of Functional Genes in the Arctic Soil of Whapmagoostui-Kuujjuarapik

Project description:The objective of this study was to identify the different functional genes involved in key biogeochemical cycles in the sub- Arctic regions. Understanding the microbial diversity in the Arctic region is an important step to determine the effects of climate change on these areas.

2021-03-16 | GSE168911 | GEO

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

Tweets

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data