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Transcriptome analysis of primary chicken cells infected with infectious bronchitis virus strain K047-12 isolated in Korea.

ABSTRACT: Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), an avian coronavirus, is highly contagious. Chickens with IBV infection develop acute pathogenesis in multiple organs, including the respiratory and urogenital tracts. Frequent recombination in the spike (S) glycoprotein gene has made vaccine strategies ineffective. To understand IBV pathogenesis, we analyzed the genetic distance between Korean IBV isolates and other coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2. To obtain comprehensive information about early immune responses such as innate cytokine production and associated immune regulation during IBV infection, we infected primary chicken embryonic kidney cells and performed transcriptome analysis. We observed that the functional pathways of innate immunity are regulated and confirmed expression of genes that coordinate early immune responses. Understanding the immune profile of the host cell may assist in vaccine development.

SUBMITTER: Lee R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8178662 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Transcriptome analysis of primary chicken cells infected with infectious bronchitis virus strain K047-12 isolated in Korea.

Lee Rangyeon R Jung Ji Seung JS Yeo Ji-In JI Kwon Hyuk Moo HM Park Jeongho J

Archives of virology 20210605 8

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), an avian coronavirus, is highly contagious. Chickens with IBV infection develop acute pathogenesis in multiple organs, including the respiratory and urogenital tracts. Frequent recombination in the spike (S) glycoprotein gene has made vaccine strategies ineffective. To understand IBV pathogenesis, we analyzed the genetic distance between Korean IBV isolates and other coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2. To obtain comprehensive information about early immune res ...[more]

PMID: 34089367

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Project description:BackgroundAvian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a major respiratory disease-causing agent in birds that leads to significant losses. Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialised cells responsible for sampling antigens and presenting them to T cells, which also play an essential role in recognising and neutralising viruses. Recent studies have suggested that non-coding RNAs may regulate the functional program of DCs. Expression of host non-coding RNAs changes markedly during infectious bronchitis virus infection, but their role in regulating host immune function has not been explored. Here, microarrays of mRNAs, miRNAs, and lncRNAs were globally performed to analyse how avian DCs respond to IBV.ResultsFirst, we found that IBV stimulation did not enhance the maturation ability of avian DCs. Interestingly, inactivated IBV was better able than IBV to induce DC maturation and activate lymphocytes. We identified 1093 up-regulated and 845 down-regulated mRNAs in IBV-infected avian DCs. Gene Ontology analysis suggested that cellular macromolecule and protein location (GO-BP) and transcription factor binding (GO-MF) were abundant in IBV-stimulated avian DCs. Meanwhile, pathway analysis indicated that the oxidative phosphorylation and leukocyte transendothelial migration signalling pathways might be activated in the IBV group. Moreover, alteration of microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) was detected in IBV-stimulated avian DCs. In total, 19 significantly altered (7 up and 12 down) miRNAs and 101 (75 up and 26 down) lncRNAs were identified in the IBV-treated group. Further analysis showed that the actin cytoskeleton and MAPK signal pathway were related to the target genes of IBV-stimulated miRNAs. Finally, our study identified 2 TF-microRNA and 53 TF-microRNA-mRNA interactions involving 1 TF, 2 miRNAs, and 53 mRNAs in IBV-stimulated avian DCs.ConclusionsOur research suggests a new mechanism to explain why IBV actively blocks innate responses needed for inducing immune gene expression and also provides insight into the pathogenic mechanisms of avian IBV.

Project description:AimThe present study was aimed to determine the prevalence of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) as well as virus isolation, identification, and molecular characterization of various strains circulating in Bangladesh.Materials and methodsA total of 371 swabs and organ samples were collected from four types of chicken including layer, Sonali (local), broiler, and broiler breeder under eight districts (Rangpur, Bogura, Tangail, Dhaka, Gazipur, Mymensingh, Jamalpur, and Cumilla) during 2014-2016 in Bangladesh.ResultsOut of 371 samples, 65 samples were positive in reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for molecular identification of IBV. The overall prevalence was 17.52% recorded and among the selected types of chicken, the highest prevalence of IBV was found in layer that was 42.22% followed by 17.24% in Sonali, 14.93% in broiler breeder, and lowest prevalence was 11.94% in broiler chicken, respectively. Moreover, the prevalence of IBV was recorded highest in aged chicken at 41-60 weeks, which was 54.55% in layer, 27.27% in Sonali, and, afterward, 14.68% was found in broiler breeder, respectively. Frequency of IBV more frequently in winter (22.67%) followed by rainy (15.87%) and summer season (11.58%). The highest prevalence of IBV was found Tangail district (41.67%) followed by Mymensingh (24.42%), Gazipur (19.32%), Dhaka (15.38%), Jamalpur (16.67%), Bogura (13.68%), Cumilla (5.88%), and Rangpur (9.26%), respectively. Samples that were found high positive in IBV RT-PCR (Ct value below 30) were subjected to inoculation into chicken egg embryo to observe characteristic changes in chicken embryo. Swabs and organ samples were processed and passaged in 9-day-old embryonated chicken eggs through allantoic cavity route. IBV virus suspected samples inoculated into chicken egg embryos after 3-5 passages showed dwarfing and curling of the embryos which are characteristic lesions of IBV. Allantoic fluid was collected from all inoculated eggs and performed partial sequencing of S1 gene for three isolates. After sequencing, the phylogenetic tree was constructed from the nucleotide sequences of IBV isolates. Two of the isolates are 4/91 IBV and another one matched with QX-like IBV.ConclusionThe results revealed that the three isolates from different places in Bangladesh were identified for the 1st time as which will help for IBV control strategy.

Dataset Information

Transcriptome analysis of primary chicken cells infected with infectious bronchitis virus strain K047-12 isolated in Korea.

Publications

Transcriptome analysis of primary chicken cells infected with infectious bronchitis virus strain K047-12 isolated in Korea.

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