Discovery of a size-record breaking green-emissive fluorophore: small, smaller, HINA.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Kang R
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8179180 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Similar Datasets
Project description:The number of live births in a litter is an important reproductive trait, and is one of the main indicators which reflect the production level and economic benefit of a pig farm. The ovary is an important reproductive organ of the sow, and it undergoes a series of biological processes during each estrous cycle. A complex transcriptional network containing coding and non-coding RNAs in the ovary closely regulates the reproductive capability of sows. However, the molecular regulation mechanisms affecting sow litter size are still unclear. We investigated the expression profiles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in porcine ovaries from sows with smaller than average litter sizes (SLS) and those with larger litter sizes (LLS). In total, 411 miRNAs were identified, and of these 17 were significantly down-regulated and 16 miRNAs were up-regulated when comparing sows with LLS and SLS, respectively. We further characterized the role of miR-183 which was one of the most up-regulated miRNAs. CCK-8, EdU incorporation and western blotting assays demonstrated that miR-183 promoted the proliferation of granulosa cells (GCs) in pig ovaries. Moreover, miR-183 inhibited the synthesis of estradiol in GCs and promoted the synthesis of progesterone. These results will help in gaining understanding of the role of miRNAs in regulating porcine litter size.
| S-EPMC8864311 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Genetically encoded calcium indicators (GECIs) are mainly represented by two- or one-fluorophore-based sensors. One type of two-fluorophore-based sensor, carrying Opsanus troponin C (TnC) as the Ca2+-binding moiety, has two binding sites for calcium ions, providing a linear response to calcium ions. One-fluorophore-based sensors have four Ca2+-binding sites but are better suited for in vivo experiments. Herein, we describe a novel design for a one-fluorophore-based GECI with two Ca2+-binding sites. The engineered sensor, called NTnC, uses TnC as the Ca2+-binding moiety, inserted in the mNeonGreen fluorescent protein. Monomeric NTnC has higher brightness and pH-stability in vitro compared with the standard GECI GCaMP6s. In addition, NTnC shows an inverted fluorescence response to Ca2+. Using NTnC, we have visualized Ca2+ dynamics during spontaneous activity of neuronal cultures as confirmed by control NTnC and its mutant, in which the affinity to Ca2+ is eliminated. Using whole-cell patch clamp, we have demonstrated that NTnC dynamics in neurons are similar to those of GCaMP6s and allow robust detection of single action potentials. Finally, we have used NTnC to visualize Ca2+ neuronal activity in vivo in the V1 cortical area in awake and freely moving mice using two-photon microscopy or an nVista miniaturized microscope.
| S-EPMC5039633 | biostudies-literature
Project description:In this work a novel solid-state green approach without using any solvent environment has been proposed to synthesize Ag NPs. The synthetic condition has been investigated in 4?°C, 20?°C, 40?°C and 60?°C and at ten different time intervals. This synthesis process gives different size and shape of curcumin conjugated Ag NPs, which have been confirmed by various morphological and spectroscopic techniques. It is found that higher temperature and longer time produces larger particles size and different varieties in shapes. For example, Ag NPs prepared at 4?°C are spherical shapes whereas that prepared at 60?°C are of spherical, rods, and many hexagonal shapes. At 60?°C and after 5 and 7 days the size of the prepared Ag NPs exceed the nano scale to reach micro scale level. This size and shape distribution are well reflected in the optical properties as absorbance, fluorescence intensity and SFS intensity of Ag NPs consistently increase with increase in temperature during synthesis. Ag NPs obtained in different temperature and various time intervals have been subsequently tested as catalysts for the reduction reaction, where 4-nitrophenol is reduced to 4-aminophenol in the presence of NaBH4. It is found that smaller particles have better catalytic properties for the reduction reaction.
| S-EPMC6811623 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Revealing the diagnosis of cancer to patients is a key event in their cancer journey. At present, there are no minimal legal recommendations for documenting such consultations. We reviewed the Hospital records of 359 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer in the Mersey Area between 1992 and 1994. We identified the following factors: age, hospital, postcode, surgeon, stage of disease and survival. These were compared to information recorded at the time of the interview such as person present, descriptive words used, prognosis, further treatment and emotional response. In 11.6%, there was no information recorded in the notes. The diagnosis was recorded in 304 (94.7%), prognosis in 66 (20.6%) and collusion with relatives in 33 (10.3%). A total of 42 separate words/phrases were identified relating to diagnosis; cancer was recorded in 60 (19.6%). Collusion was three times as common in the patients over 65 years (17.9 vs 5.7%, P=0.001). There was a reduction in the number of diagnostic words recorded in the patients over 65 years (90.3 vs 98.3%, P=0.002) and by type of surgeon (P=0.001). Information was often poorly recorded in the notes. We have shown that the quality of information varies according to patient age, surgeon and specialty.
| S-EPMC2377092 | biostudies-other
Project description:Flowering times are well-documented indicators of the ecological effects of climate change and are linked to numerous ecosystem processes and trophic interactions. Dozens of studies have shown that flowering times for many spring-flowering plants have become earlier as a result of recent climate change, but it is uncertain if flowering times will continue to advance as temperatures rise. Here, we used long-term flowering records initiated by Henry David Thoreau in 1852 and Aldo Leopold in 1935 to investigate this question. Our analyses demonstrate that record-breaking spring temperatures in 2010 and 2012 in Massachusetts, USA, and 2012 in Wisconsin, USA, resulted in the earliest flowering times in recorded history for dozens of spring-flowering plants of the eastern United States. These dramatic advances in spring flowering were successfully predicted by historical relationships between flowering and spring temperature spanning up to 161 years of ecological change. These results demonstrate that numerous temperate plant species have yet to show obvious signs of physiological constraints on phenological advancement in the face of climate change.
| S-EPMC3547064 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Electronic health record (EHR) use in ambulatory care can improve safety and quality; however, problems with design, implementation, and poor interface with other systems lead users to develop 'workarounds', or behaviors users adopt to overcome perceived limitations in a technical system. We documented workarounds used in independent, community-based primary care practices, and developed a typology of their key features.Comparative case study of EHR use in seven independent primary care practices. Field researchers spent approximately 1 month in each practice to observe EHR use, conduct patient pathways, and interview clinicians and staff.We observed workarounds addressing a wide range of EHR-related problems, including: user interface issues (eg, insufficient data fields, limited templates), barriers to electronic health information exchange with external organizations, and struggles incorporating new technologies into existing office space. We analyzed the observed workarounds inductively to develop a typology that cuts across specific clinical or administrative processes to highlight the following key formal features of workarounds in general: temporary/routinized, which captures whether the workaround is taken for granted as part of daily workflow or is understood as a short-term solution; avoidable/unavoidable, referring to the extent to which the workaround is within the practice's power to eliminate; and deliberately chosen/unplanned, which differentiates strategically chosen adaptations from less thoughtful workarounds.This workaround typology provides a framework for EHR users to identify and address workarounds in their own practices, and for researchers to examine the effect of different types of EHR workarounds on patient safety, care quality, and efficiency.
| S-EPMC3957384 | biostudies-other
Project description:Podcasting is considered to be a communication medium with minimal barriers to entry, making it an attractive method for people, especially from historically underrepresented communities, to tell their own stories. Using the “Breaking Green Ceilings” podcast as a case study, we explore how podcasting serves as an ideal approach to effectively amplify the voices of environmentalists from historically underrepresented communities, specifically Disabled, Queer, Trans, Black, Indigenous, and People of Color. By sharing these stories, the podcast aims to challenge misconceptions and highlight the contributions that environmentalists from historically underrepresented communities make toward environmental sustainability at all levels—grassroots, academia, nonprofit, and government. The “Breaking Green Ceilings” podcast also helps address the lack of diversity in mainstream environmental media and organizations. We use an interdisciplinary, intersectional lens in this article to demonstrate how environmental issues are interconnected with race, religion, socio-economic status, and politics as relates to historically underrepresented communities. We explore four main themes that have emerged on the podcast: environmental justice, structural racism and conservation, traditional ecological knowledge, and access to nature and the outdoors. Finally, strategies are provided to show how the podcast goes beyond the airwaves to build an inclusive community, raising awareness on the issues discussed and moving people to action to undo and unlearn some of the harmful practices and attitudes that have divided the environmental movement for decades. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13412-021-00723-z.
| S-EPMC8560216 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Visible emission colloidal quantum dots (QDs) have shown promise in optical and optoelectronic applications. These QDs are typically composed of relatively expensive elements in the form of indium, cadmium, and gallium since alternative candidate materials exhibiting similar properties are yet to be realized. Herein, for the first time, we report red green blue (RGB) photoluminescences with quantum yields of 18% from earth-abundant lead sulfide (PbS) QDs. The visible emissive property is mainly attributed to a high degree of crystallinity even for the extremely small QD sizes (1-3 nm), which is realized by employing a heterogeneous reaction methodology at high growth temperatures (>170 °C). We demonstrate that the proposed heterogeneous synthetic method can be extended to the synthesis of other metal chalcogenide QDs, such as zinc sulfide and zinc selenide, which are promising for future industrial applications. More importantly, benefiting from the enlarged band gaps, the as-prepared PbS solar cells show an impressive open circuit voltage (∼0.8 V) beyond that reported to date.
| S-EPMC6003545 | biostudies-literature
Project description:We report here the synthesis and characterization of BODIPY-chlorin arrays containing a chlorin subunit, with tunable deep-red (641-685 nm) emission, and one or two BODIPY moieties, absorbing at 504 nm. Two types of arrays were examined: one where BODIPY moieties are attached through a phenylacetylene linker at the 13- or 3,13-positions of chlorin, and a second type where BODIPY is attached at the 10-position of chlorin through an amide linker. Each of the examined arrays exhibits an efficient (≥0.80) energy transfer from BODIPY to the chlorin moiety in both toluene and DMF and exhibits intense fluorescence of chlorin upon excitation of BODIPY at ∼500 nm. Therefore, the effective Stokes shift in such arrays is in the range of 140-180 nm. Dyads with BODIPY attached at the 10-position of chlorin exhibit a bright fluorescence in a range of solvents with different polarities (i.e., toluene, MeOH, DMF, and DMSO). In contrast to this, some of the arrays in which BODIPY is attached at the 3- or at both 3,13-positons of chlorin exhibit significant reduction of fluorescence in polar solvents. Overall, dyads where BODIPY is attached at the 10-position of chlorin exhibit ∼5-fold brighter fluorescence than corresponding chlorin monomers, upon excitation at 500 nm.
| S-EPMC4461441 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The twenty-first century has come with a new era in vaccinology, in which recombinant genetic technology has contributed to setting an unprecedented fast pace in vaccine development, clearly demonstrated during the recent COVID-19 pandemic.
| S-EPMC7193619 | biostudies-literature