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Response of the characteristics of organic carbon mineralization of soft rock and soil composed of sand to soil depth.

ABSTRACT: The addition of soft rock to aeolian sandy soil can improve the level of fertility and ability of the soil to sequester carbon, which is of substantial significance to improve the ecological environment of the Mu Us sandy land and supplement newly added cultivated land. S oft rock and sand were combined using the ratio (v/v) of 0:1 (CK), 1:5 (S1), 1:2 (S2), and 1:1 (S3). The process of mineralization of organic carbon at different depths (0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, and 20-30 cm) in the combined soil was studied by 58 days of incubation indoors at a constant temperature. The content of soil nutrient s increased significantly under the S2 and S3 treatments and was higher in the 0-10 cm soil depth. The mineralization of rate of soil organic carbon (SOC) of different combination ratios can be divided into three time periods: the stress mineralization stage (1-7 d), the rapid mineralization stage (7-9 d) and the slow mineralization stage (9-58 d). At the end of incubation, the rates of mineralization of SOC and accumulated mineralization amount (C_t) were relatively large in the 0-10 cm soil depth, followed by the 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm soil layers , indicating that the stability of SOC in the surface layer was poor, which is not conducive to the storage of carbon. The content of potentially mineralizable organic carbon (C₀) in the soil was consistent with the trend of change of C_t. Compared with the CK treatment, the cumulative organic carbon mineralization rate (C_r) of the S2 and S3 treatment s decreased by 7.77% and 6.05%, respectively; and the C₀/SOC decreased by 22.84% and 15.55%, respectively. Moreover, the C_r and C₀/SOC values in the 10-20 cm soil depth were small, which indirectly promoted the storage of organic carbon. With the process of SOC mineralization, the contents of soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) tended to decrease compared with the initial contents, with larger amplitudes in the 20-30 cm and 10-20 cm soil depth s, respectively. SOC, total nitrogen, available potassium, SMBC and DOC were all closely related to the process of mineralization of organic carbon. Therefore, the accumulation of soil carbon could be enhanced when the proportion of soft rock and sand composite soil was between 1:2 and 1:1, and the 10-20 cm soil depth was relatively stable. These results provide a theoretical basis for the improvement of desertified land.

SUBMITTER: Li W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8183430 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:The organic carbon mineralization process reflects the release intensity of soil CO2. Therefore, the study of organic carbon mineralization and particle composition analysis of soft rock and sand compound soil can provide technical support and a theoretical basis for soil organic reconstruction (soil structure, materials and biological nutrition). Based on previous research, four treatments were selected: CK (soft rock:sand=0:1), C1 (soft rock:sand=1:5), C2 (soft rock:sand=1:2) and C3 (soft rock:sand=1:1), respectively. Specifically, we analyzed the organic carbon mineralization process and soil particle composition by lye absorption, laser granulometer, and scanning electron microscope. The results showed that there was no significant difference in organic carbon content between C1, C2 , and C3 treatments, but they were significantly higher than in the CK treatment (P < 0.05). The organic carbon mineralization rate in each treatment accords with a logarithmic function throughout the incubation period (P < 0.01), which can be divided into a rapid decline phase in days 1 to 11 followed by a steady decline phase in days 11 to 30. The cumulative mineralization on the 11th day reached 54.96%-74.44% of the total mineralization amount. At the end of the incubation, the cumulative mineralization and potential mineralizable organic carbon content of the C1, C2 and C3 treatments were significantly higher than those of the CK treatment. The cumulative mineralization rate was also the lowest in the C1 and C2 treatment. The turnover rate constant of soil organic carbon in each treatment was significantly lower than that of the CK treatment, and the residence time increased. With the increase of volume fraction of soft rock, the content of silt and clay particles increased gradually, the texture of soil changed from sandy soil to sandy loam, loam , and silty loam, respectively. With the increase of small particles, the structure of soil appear ed to collapse when the volume ratio of soft rock was 50%. A comprehensive mineralization index and scanning electron microscopy analysis, when the ratio of soft rock to sand volume was 1:5-1:2, this can effectively increase the accumulation of soil organic carbon. Then, the distribution of soil particles was more uniform, the soil structure was stable (not collapsed), and the mineralization level of unit organic carbon was lower. Our research results have practical significance for the large area popularization of soft rock and sand compound technology.

Project description:Legume crops in rice cultivation are typically rotated and incorporated into the soil as green manure to improve soil fertility. Biochar has recently been co-incorporated with green manure to simultaneously stimulate soil organic carbon (SOC) mineralization and increase carbon (C) sequestration. However, few studies examine the effects of the co-incorporation of biochar and green manure on C cycling and the underlying microbial mechanisms in paddy fields. In this study, the effects of the co-incorporation of green manure and biochar on C mineralization, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) characteristics, and microbial community structures were investigated. A pot study was conducted with three treatments: inorganic NPK (NPK), inorganic NPK + green manure (GM), and inorganic NPK + green manure + biochar (GMC). Organic amendments significantly increased cumulative C mineralization, with amounts in the order GMC (3,434 mg·kg-1) > GM (2,934 mg·kg-1) > NPK (2,592 mg·kg-1). Fertilizer treatments had similar effects on DOC concentrations, with amounts in the order GMC (279 mg·kg-1) > GM (255 mg·kg-1) > NPK (193 mg·kg-1). According to fluorescence spectra, the highest microbial humic acid-like fraction and biological index were also in GMC. Co-incorporation of green manure and biochar shifted the composition of bacterial and fungal communities but more importantly, increased fungal network complexity and decreased bacterial network complexity. The increase in fungal network complexity with the increase in DOC concentrations and microbially derived components was the dominant factor in promoting C mineralization. Overall, this study reveals the underlying biochemical mechanism, the interaction between DOC and fungal network of C cycling in paddy soil under the co-incorporation of green manure and biochar management, and provides fundamental knowledge for exploring effective approaches to improve soil fertility and health in the future.

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Response of the characteristics of organic carbon mineralization of soft rock and soil composed of sand to soil depth.

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