Left atrial appendage perforation during appendage angiography treated by percutaneous left atrial appendage closure: a case report.
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ABSTRACT: Background
Pericardial effusion is a common complication of percutaneous left atrial appendage (LAA) closure. Acute management is the cornerstone of pericardial effusion treatment and interrupting the intervention is often required.Case summary
A 65-year-old man presented an acute 10 mm pericardial effusion following pigtail contrast appendage injection. A rapid Watchman Flex 24 mm (Boston Scientific) deployment permitted bleeding interruption. A needle pericardiocentesis was achieved in order to prevent any haemodynamical instability.Discussion
This case report describes an atypical cause of pericardial effusion and a technique for bleeding control with LAA closure device deployment.
SUBMITTER: Champagne C
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8183657 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:BackgroundTranscatheter left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) using Watchman device has been demonstrated to be efficacious in decreasing stroke risk in patients with atrial fibrillation who are not suitable for long-term anticoagulation. Residual leaks are frequently encountered following LAAO procedures and their clinical implications and optimal management remain controversial.Case summaryIn this report, we describe a case of peri-Watchman device leak treated successfully with percutaneous device closure using an Amplatzer Vascular Plug II device.DiscussionThe clinical implications of peri-device leaks remain controversial with general consensus to continue anticoagulation along with serial imaging for larger leaks (>5 mm). As an alternative strategy, percutaneous closure of these leaks has been attempted in hope of avoiding anticoagulation and minimizing the risk of stroke and should be studied further.
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Project description:BackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia and is a major cause of embolic stroke. In patients with hereditary bleeding disorders such as haemophilia, management of AF particularly anticoagulation can be quite challenging. Left atrial appendage (LAA) closure is an emerging option in AF patients who are not eligible for oral anticoagulation therapy because of contraindications or high bleeding risk.Case summaryA 67-year-old man with permanent AF and haemophilia was referred for further evaluation of our cardiology clinic by his primary haematologist. The CHA2DS2-VASc score was estimated to be 3 and the HAS-BLED score was 3. Due to high risk of bleeding, we decided to perform percutaneous LAA closure instead of oral anticoagulation. Pre-procedural cardiac computerized tomography angiography and transoesophageal echocardiography were performed for measurements of LAA dimensions and exclude LAA thrombus. Percutaneous LAA occlusion was performed using a 28-mm AmplatzerTM AmuletTM device. The final result was excellent without significant residual leak, pericardial effusion, and embolic complication. Clopidogrel 75?mg/day and aspirin 81?mg/day for 1?month with adequate FVIII prophylaxis and then only aspirin 81?mg/day for 2 months were recommended. No antiplatelet was given after 3 months. The patient did not report any thrombotic or haemorrhagic adverse events and there were no complications related to implanted device after 1 year of follow-up.DiscussionIn patients with hereditary bleeding disorders such as haemophilia, management of AF particularly anticoagulation can be quite challenging. In this report, we present a case of percutaneous LAA occlusion using AmplatzerTM AmuletTM device in a patient who has haemophilia and permanent AF. LAA closure has the potential to be more cost effective as compared to oral anticoagulation therapy due to lesser necessity of clotting factor infusion.
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Project description:BackgroundAn 82-year-old female with a history of atrial fibrillation and repeated episodes of major bleeding on direct oral anticoagulant therapy, with a high risk for thromboembolism and was referred for left atrial appendage closure.Case summaryDuring the procedure, an unrecognized puncture of the aorta by the transseptal puncture (TSP) needle and inadvertent advancement of the sheath resulted in ascending aorta perforation. This perforation was closed percutaneously using an Amplatzer™ Duct Occluder (ADO). Reversal of heparinization with protamine sulphate was given to avoid intractable bleeding. However, this resulted in thrombus formation and subsequent embolization causing an ST-elevation myocardial infarction. This was treated with balloon dilatation and thrombus aspiration with subsequent Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 3 flow.DiscussionInadvertent ascending aorta perforation is a rare yet serious complication that can occur during TSP. Percutaneous closure using an ADO is a viable management option. The reversal of heparin carries a risk of thrombus formation and should be avoided in cases where there is no evidence of overt bleeding.
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Project description:Percutaneous left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) has proven to be an effective alternative to oral anticoagulation (OAC) for stroke prevention in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). International guidelines traditionally recommend LAAC for NVAF patients at high thromboembolic risk and contraindication to or at high risk for OAC. However, there are many other clinical situations in which this procedure may also be beneficial. This paper discusses the potential role of LAAC in specific haemorrhagic diseases (cerebral amyloid angiopathy, age-related macular degeneration, hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia, and Moyamoya disease), after left atrial appendage (LAA) electrical isolation, in cases of persistent thrombus inside the LAA, in end-stage renal disease and in special groups of patients for whom low compliance and persistence to OAC may be anticipated.
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Project description:Background:Percutaneous left atrial appendage (LAA) closure may reduce the risk of cardioembolic stroke in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation. Given the prophylactic nature of the procedure, identifying and managing complications are paramount. Case summary:A 73-year-old man presented 14?months after percutaneous LAA closure with syncope and acute pericardial tamponade which required surgical exploration and haemostasis; the most temporally remote account of this complication albeit amongst very few case reports. Tissue erosion by the Amplatzer™ Amulet™ LAA closure device (Abbott, Plymouth, MN, USA) was noted at two separate anatomical locations, corresponding to the device disc and lobe, which has not been described previously. Discussion:This case report highlights the anatomical relationship between the LAA and its surrounding structures, and the importance of recognizing the risk of late device erosion.
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Project description:BackgroundLeft atrial appendage closure (LAAC) is considered a valid alternative for the prevention of thromboembolic stroke in patients with persistent left atrial appendage thrombus (LAAT) despite adequate anticoagulation. However, the data on LAAC using the LAmbre device for patients with LAAT is limited. This study was performed to explore efficacy and safety as well as to share the experience of the modified LAAC procedure with the LAmbre device.Materials and methodsA total of 7 patients with persistent LAAT despite adequate anticoagulation underwent modified LAAC with the LAmbre device between November 2019 and April 2022. Transesophageal echocardiography was performed 3 months postoperatively to detect device-related thrombosis and peridevice leak. The patients' clinical events were evaluated during the perioperative and follow-up periods.ResultsThe median age, CHA2DS2-VASc score, and HAS-BLED score of all patients were 71 [53-73], 3 [2-4], and 2 [2-3], respectively. In the procedure, a cerebral protection system was used in two patients. LAAC with the LAmbre device was successfully performed in all patients without perioperative events. During the median follow-up of 383 [325-865] days, postoperative transesophageal echocardiography was performed in six (85.7%) patients. Device-related thrombosis was detected in one (16.7%) patient, and no significant peridevice leak was observed. No thromboembolic event or bleeding event occurred in any patients.ConclusionLAAC with the LAmbre device is effective and safe when performed by experienced operators in highly selected patients with LAAT after adequate anticoagulation.
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Project description:Patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) and a high risk for oral anticoagulation can be treated by percutaneous implantation of left atrial appendage occlusion devices (LAAC) to reduce the risk of cardio-embolic stroke. This study evaluates whether LAAC may influence lipid metabolism, which has never been investigated before. Patients with successful LAAC were included consecutively. Venous peripheral blood samples of patients were collected immediately before (T0, baseline) and 6 months after (T1, mid-term) LAAC. A targeted metabolomics approach based on electrospray ionization liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (ESI-LC-MS/MS) and MS/MS measurements was performed. A total of 34 lipids revealed a significant change from baseline to mid-term follow-up after successful LAAC. Subgroup analysis revealed confounding influence by gender, age, diabetes mellitus type II, body mass index, left ventricular ejection fraction, creatinine and NT-proBNP. After multivariable adjustment within logistic regression models, these 34 lipids were still significantly altered after LAAC. Successful percutaneous LAAC may affect lipid metabolism and thereby may potentially affect pro-atherogenic and cardio-toxic effects.
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