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Spray Pyrolyzed TiO₂ Embedded Multi-Layer Front Contact Design for High-Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells.

ABSTRACT: The photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) can be improved by utilizing efficient front contact. However, it has always been a significant challenge for fabricating high-quality, scalable, controllable, and cost-effective front contact. This study proposes a realistic multi-layer front contact design to realize efficient single-junction PSCs and perovskite/perovskite tandem solar cells (TSCs). As a critical part of the front contact, we prepared a highly compact titanium oxide (TiO₂) film by industrially viable Spray Pyrolysis Deposition (SPD), which acts as a potential electron transport layer (ETL) for the fabrication of PSCs. Optimization and reproducibility of the TiO₂ ETL were discreetly investigated while fabricating a set of planar PSCs. As the front contact has a significant influence on the optoelectronic properties of PSCs, hence, we investigated the optics and electrical effects of PSCs by three-dimensional (3D) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) and finite element method (FEM) rigorous simulations. The investigation allows us to compare experimental results with the outcome from simulations. Furthermore, an optimized single-junction PSC is designed to enhance the energy conversion efficiency (ECE) by > 30% compared to the planar reference PSC. Finally, the study has been progressed to the realization of all-perovskite TSC that can reach the ECE, exceeding 30%. Detailed guidance for the completion of high-performance PSCs is provided.

SUBMITTER: Shahiduzzaman M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8187539 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:The exceptional property of plasmonic materials to localize light into sub-wavelength regimes has significant importance in various applications, especially in photovoltaics. In this study, we report the localized surface plasmon-enhanced perovskite solar cell (PSC) performance of plasmonic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) embedded into a titanium oxide (TiO2) microdot array (MDA), which was deposited using the inkjet printing technique. The X-ray (XRD) analysis of MAPI (methyl ammonium lead iodide) perovskite films deposited on glass substrates with and without MDA revealed no destructive effect of MDA on the perovskite structure. Moreover, a 12% increase in the crystallite size of perovskite with MDA was registered. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) techniques revealed the morphology of the TiO2_MDA and TiO2-AuNPs_MDA. The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation was employed to evaluate the absorption cross-sections and local field enhancement of AuNPs in the TiO2 and TiO2/MAPI surrounding media. Reflectance UV-Vis spectra of the samples comprising glass/TiO2 ETL/TiO2_MDA (ETL-an electron transport layer) with and without AuNPs in TiO2_MDA were studied, and the band gap (Eg) values of MAPI have been calculated using the Kubelka-Munk equation. The MDA introduction did not influence the band gap value, which remained at ~1.6 eV for all the samples. The photovoltaic performance of the fabricated PSC with and without MDA and the corresponding key parameters of the solar cells have also been studied and discussed in detail. The findings indicated a significant power conversion efficiency improvement of over 47% in the PSCs with the introduction of the TiO2-AuNPs_MDA on the ETL/MAPI interface compared to the reference device. Our study demonstrates the significant enhancement achieved in halide PSC by utilizing AuNPs within a TiO2_MDA. This approach holds great promise for advancing the efficiency and performance of photovoltaic devices.

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Spray Pyrolyzed TiO₂ Embedded Multi-Layer Front Contact Design for High-Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells.

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OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

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Dataset Information

Spray Pyrolyzed TiO2 Embedded Multi-Layer Front Contact Design for High-Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells.

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OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

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Spray Pyrolyzed TiO₂ Embedded Multi-Layer Front Contact Design for High-Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells.