Dataset Information

A community-based intervention to prevent serious complications and death 2 years after discharge in people with spinal cord injury in Bangladesh (CIVIC): a randomised trial.

ABSTRACT:

Study design

Randomised controlled trial.

Objectives

To determine the effectiveness of a sustainable community-based intervention designed to prevent serious complications and death 2 years after discharge in people with spinal cord injury in Bangladesh.

Setting

Bangladesh.

Methods

A pragmatic randomised controlled trial was undertaken. People who had sustained a spinal cord injury in the preceding 2 years, were wheelchair-dependent, and were about to be discharged from hospital in Bangladesh were recruited and randomised to an Intervention or Control group using a concealed allocation procedure stratified by level of lesion (tetraplegia/paraplegia). Participants in the Intervention group received 36 phone calls and three home visits over the first 2 years following discharge. All participants received usual post-discharge care. Survival status and date of death were determined by blinded assessors 2 years after randomisation.

Results

Between July 2015 and March 2018, 410 participants were randomised (204 to Intervention, 206 to Control). There was no loss to follow up. At 2 years, 15 (7.4%) participants in the Intervention group and 16 (7.8%) participants in the Control group had died (hazard ratio from unadjusted Cox model = 0.93 [95% CI, 0.46 to 1.89]; p from log rank test 0.85). There were no clinically important or statistically significant average causal effects of intervention on the incidence or severity of complications.

Conclusion

A program of community-based care for people with recent spinal cord injury in Bangladesh involving frequent phone contact and occasional in-person contact with a health professional after discharge from hospital is no better at preventing death at 2 years than usual care.

SUBMITTER: Hossain MS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8189918 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:BackgroundPeople who sustain spinal cord injuries in low- and middle-income countries are vulnerable to life-threatening complications after discharge. The aim of this trial is to determine the effect on all-cause mortality of a sustainable model of community-based care provided over the first 2 years after discharge.Methods and analysisThe CIVIC trial is a single centre, parallel group trial with concealed and stratified randomisation. The protocol has been previously published (BMJ Open 2016;6:e010350). This paper provides the accompanying detailed statistical plan. In total, 410 people with recent spinal cord injury who are wheelchair dependent and about to be discharged from the Centre for the Rehabilitation of the Paralysed in Bangladesh are randomised to intervention or control groups. Participants assigned to the intervention group receive a model of community-based care in which a case manager provides ongoing telephone-based support and visits participants in their homes over a 2-year period. Participants assigned to the control group receive usual care which may involve a follow-up phone call or a home visit. The primary outcome is all-cause mortality at 2 years as determined by a blinded assessor (Bangladesh does not have a death registry). The primary effectiveness analysis will compare Kaplan-Meier survival curves (time from allocation to death) in the intervention and control groups using the log-rank test (two-tailed α = 0.05). Participants will be censored at the time they were last known to be alive or at the time of the follow-up assessment. Recruitment finished in March 2018 and the last assessment will be conducted in March 2020.DiscussionThe CIVIC trial will provide unbiased and precise estimates of the effectiveness of a model of community-based care for people with spinal cord injuries in Bangladesh. The results will have implications for provision of health services for people with spinal cord injuries and other conditions that cause serious disability in low-income and middle-income countries.Trial registrationANZCTR, ACTRN12615000630516, U1111-1171-1876. Registered on 17 June 2015.

Project description:IntroductionPeople with spinal cord injuries in low-income and middle-income countries are highly vulnerable to life-threatening complications in the period immediately after discharge from hospital. We are conducting a randomised controlled trial in Bangladesh to determine whether all-cause mortality at 2 years can be reduced if health professionals regularly ring and visit participants in their homes following discharge. We will conduct a process evaluation alongside the trial to explain the trial results and determine the feasibility of scaling this intervention up in low-income and middle-income countries if it is found to be effective.Methods and analysisOur process evaluation is based on the Realist and Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance frameworks. We will use a mixed methods approach that uses both qualitative and quantitative data. For example, we will audit a sample of telephone interactions between intervention participants and the healthcare professionals, and we will conduct semistructured interviews with people reflective of various interest groups. Quantitative data will also be collected to determine the number and length of interactions between the healthcare professionals and participants, the types of issues identified during each interaction and the nature of the support and advice provided by the healthcare professionals. All quantitative and qualitative data will be analysed iteratively before the final analysis of the trial results. These data will then be triangulated with the final results of the primary outcome.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was obtained from the institutional ethics committee at the site in Bangladesh and from the University of Sydney, Australia. The study will be conducted in compliance with all stipulations of its protocol, the conditions of ethics committee approval and the relevant regulatory bodies. The results of the trial will be disseminated through publications in peer-reviewed scientific journals and presentations at scientific conferences.Trial registration numberACTRN12615000630516.

Project description:Background:Measuring rehabilitation outcomes in patients with spinal cord injury (PWSCI) requires measurement tools that are valid and reliable and have been psychometrically tested in the population with spinal cord injury (SCI). The Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale (RHDS) has been found to be reliable and valid in adult surgical patients, post-partum mothers, parents of hospitalised children and geriatrics. However, the psychometric properties have not yet been tested in the population with SCI, furthermore, in a South African context. Objectives:The purpose of this study was to psychometrically test the internal consistency and construct validity of the RHDS as a measure of discharge readiness in PWSCI prior to discharge from rehabilitation units in the Tshwane metropolitan area, South Africa. Method:A cross-sectional study that included 50 PWSCI who were in their last week of rehabilitation was conducted. The RHDS item and scale statistics were calculated by using descriptive statistics and the scale reliability was measured for internal consistency by using Cronbach's alpha coefficients. To determine construct validity, convergent and divergent validities were measured by using the RHDS items' correlation coefficient dimensions. All data were tested at the 0.05 level of significance by using Statistics and Data (STATA) statistical software, version 14. Results:Cronbach's alpha of the RHDS was 0.904, indicating an excellent reliability coefficient. Convergent validity scores showed 81% correlation coefficients, although divergent validity scores showed 62% correlation coefficients. Conclusion:The RHDS is a valid and reliable measure of readiness for discharge in a South African sample of PWSCI and can be used in SCI rehabilitation. Clinical implications:Over and above using the RHDS to determine if PWSCI are ready for discharge in the clinical setting, the RHDS may also assist health care practitioners to assess the patient's progress towards readiness and strategies for addressing shortcomings to meet short and long-term goals of the rehabilitation process.