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Effectiveness of turmeric-enriched pellets to improve the immunity of Clarias batrachus toward motile Aeromonas septicemia disease [version 2; peer review: 2 approved]

ABSTRACT: Background: Turmeric is known as a natural remedy to improve the immunity of organisms. This study aims to understand the effectiveness of turmeric-enriched pellets to improve the immunity of

SUBMITTER: Riauwaty M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8191517 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Ameliorating ER-stress attenuates Aeromonas hydrophila-induced mitochondrial dysfunctioning and caspase mediated HKM apoptosis in Clarias batrachus.

Project description:Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress and unfolding protein response (UPR) has not been implied in Aeromonas hydrophila-pathogenicity. We report increased expression of the ER-stress markers: CHOP, BiP and phospho-eIF2α in A. hydrophila-infected headkidney macrophages (HKM) in Clarias batrachus. Pre-treatment with ER-stress inhibitor, 4-PBA alleviated ER-stress and HKM apoptosis suggesting ER-UPR critical for the process. The ER-Ca(2+) released via inositol-triphosphate and ryanodine receptors induced calpain-2 mediated superoxide ion generation and consequent NF-κB activation. Inhibiting NF-κB activation attenuated NO production suggesting the pro-apoptotic role of NF-κB on HKM pathology. Calpain-2 activated caspase-12 to intensify the apoptotic cascade through mitochondrial-membrane potential (ψm) dissipation and caspase-9 activation. Altered mitochondrial ultra-structure consequent to ER-Ca(2+) uptake via uniporters reduced ψm and released cytochrome C. Nitric oxide induced the cGMP/PKG-dependent activation of caspase-8 and truncated-Bid formation. Both the caspases converge onto caspase-3 to execute HKM apoptosis. These findings offer a possible molecular explanation for A. hydrophila pathogenicity.

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Protective Effects of Bacteriophages against Aeromonas hydrophila Species Causing Motile Aeromonas Septicemia (MAS) in Striped Catfish.

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Recombinant ATPase of Virulent <i>Aeromonas hydrophila</i> Protects Channel Catfish Against Motile <i>Aeromonas</i> Septicemia.

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