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Inconvenient relationship of haemoglobin A1c level with endothelial function in type 2 diabetes in a cross-sectional study.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level with flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) and nitroglycerine-induced vasodilation (NID) in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

22 university hospitals and affiliated clinics in Japan.

Participants

1215 patients with type 2 diabetes including 349 patients not taking antidiabetic drugs.

Measures

We evaluated FMD and HbA1c level. All patients were divided into four groups based on HbA1c level: <6.5%, 6.5%-6.9%, 7.0%-7.9% and ≥8.0%.

Results

An inverted U-shaped pattern of association between HbA1c level and FMD was observed at the peak of HbA1c of about 7%. FMD was significantly smaller in the HbA1c <6.5% group than in the HbA1c 6.5%-6.9% group and HbA1c 7.0%-7.9% group (p<0.001 and p<0.001), and FMD values were similar in the HbA1c <6.5% group and HbA1c ≥8.0% group. There were no significant differences in NID values among the four groups. After adjustments for confounding factors, FMD was significantly smaller in the HbA1c <6.5% group than in the HbA1c 6.5%-6.9% and HbA1c 7.0%-7.9% group (p=0.002 and p=0.04). In patients not taking antidiabetic drugs, FMD was also significantly smaller in the HbA1c <6.5% group than in the HbA1c 6.5%-6.9% group and HbA1c 7.0%-7.9% group (p<0.001 and p=0.02), and there were no significant differences in NID values among the four groups.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that there is an inverted U-shaped pattern of association between FMD and HbA1c and that a low HbA1c level of <6.5% is associated with endothelial dysfunction.

Trial registration number

UMIN000012950, UMIN000012951, UMIN000012952 and UMIN000003409.

SUBMITTER: Yamaji T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8191618 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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