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Polyethyleneimine-Oleic Acid Micelles-Stabilized Palladium Nanoparticles as Highly Efficient Catalyst to Treat Pollutants with Enhanced Performance.

ABSTRACT: Water soluble organic molecular pollution endangers human life and health. It becomes necessary to develop highly stable noble metal nanoparticles without aggregation in solution to improve their catalytic performance in treating pollution. Polyethyleneimine (PEI)-based stable micelles have the potential to stabilize noble metal nanoparticles due to the positive charge of PEI. In this study, we synthesized the amphiphilic PEI-oleic acid molecule by acylation reaction. Amphiphilic PEI-oleic acid assembled into stable PEI-oleic acid micelles with a hydrodynamic diameter of about 196 nm and a zeta potential of about 34 mV. The PEI-oleic acid micelles-stabilized palladium nanoparticles (PO-PdNPs_n) were prepared by the reduction of sodium tetrachloropalladate using NaBH₄ and the palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) were anchored in the hydrophilic layer of the micelles. The prepared PO-PdNPs_n had a small size for PdNPs and good stability in solution. Noteworthily, PO-PdNPs₁₅₀ had the highest catalytic activity in reducing 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) (K_nor = 18.53 s^-1mM^-1) and oxidizing morin (K_nor = 143.57 s^-1M^-1) in aqueous solution than other previous catalysts. The enhanced property was attributed to the improving the stability of PdNPs by PEI-oleic acid micelles. The method described in this report has great potential to prepare many kinds of stable noble metal nanoparticles for treating aqueous pollution.

SUBMITTER: Lai X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8201335 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Polymeric micelles combining the advantages of biocompatible poly- and oligosaccharides with classical micellar amphiphilic systems represent a promising class of drug carriers. In this work, micelles based on chitosan (or cyclodextrin) and oleic acid with various modification degrees were synthesized-the most optimal grafting degree is 15-30% in terms of CMC. According to NTA data, micelles have a hydrodynamic diameter of the main fraction of 60-100 nm. The inclusion of the antibacterial agents: moxifloxacin or rifampicin in micelles was studied by FTIR spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy using a pyrene label (using monomer-excimer approach). When aromatic molecules are incorporated into micelles, the absorption bands of C-H bonds of the fatty tails of micelles shift towards smaller wavenumbers, indicating a stabilization of the micelles structure, and the microenvironment of the drug molecule changes according to the low frequencies shift and intensity changes in oscillation frequencies of 1450 cm-1 corresponding to aromatic fragment. Loading of moxifloxacin and rifampicin into micelles leads to a change in the fluorescent properties: a shift of the maximum of fluorescence emission to the long-wavelength region and an increase in the fluorescence anisotropy due to a drastic increase in the hydrodynamic volume of the fluorophore-containing rotating fragment. Using the pyrene label, the critical micelle concentrations were determined: from 4 to 30 nM depending on the polymer composition. Micellar systems enhance the effect of the antibiotic by increasing the penetration into bacterial cells and storing the drug in a protective coat. As a part of the supramolecular structure, the antibiotic remains active for more than four days, while in free form, the activity decreases after two days. In pharmacokinetic experiments, in vivo moxifloxacin in micellar systems show 1.7 times more efficiency compared to free form; moreover, two times higher maximal concentration in the blood is achieved. The advantage of polymer micellar systems in comparison with simple cyclodextrins and chitosan, which do not so significantly contribute to the antibacterial and pharmacokinetic parameters, was shown. Thus, polymeric micelles are one of the key approaches to improving the effectiveness of antibacterial drugs and solving the problems of resistant bacterial infections and multidrug resistance.

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Polyethyleneimine-Oleic Acid Micelles-Stabilized Palladium Nanoparticles as Highly Efficient Catalyst to Treat Pollutants with Enhanced Performance.

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