The Influence of Item Characteristics on Acquiescence among Latino Survey Respondents.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Davis RE
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8205425 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Research indicates that Latino survey respondents are more likely to acquiesce than non-Latino European Americans, thereby decreasing the potential for measurement invariance across cultural groups. In order to better understand what drives this culturally patterned response style, we examined the influence of respondent and interviewer characteristics on acquiescence. Data were obtained from a telephone survey of 400 Mexican American, Puerto Rican, Cuban American, and non-Latino European American respondents and a self-administered survey of 21 interviewers. Higher acquiescence was associated with several respondent characteristics: older age, lower education, stronger Latino cultural orientation, Spanish use, Latino ethnicity, and, among Latinos, Cuban American ethnicity. In contrast, acquiescence was not influenced by respondent-interviewer social distance, social deference, or interviewer characteristics (e.g., education, gender, acculturation, interviewer experience). These findings indicate that acquiescence differs across Latino ethnic subgroups and that respondent and language factors are more influential determinants of acquiescence than survey interviewers.
| S-EPMC8205427 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The purpose of this study is to compare sample attrition between foreign born and US born older Mexican Americans.Prospective cohort data over five waves (Hispanic established population for the epidemiological study of the elderly) of 3,050 older Mexican Americans were used to estimate the number and proportion of drop outs. Multivariate logistic regression of predictors of attrition included nativity, age, gender, race/ethnicity, marital status, financial strain, employment status, education, chronic conditions, cognitive function, disability, and depressive symptoms.Over 11 years of follow-up, 62% of the respondents dropped out of the study, but the difference between respondents born in the US and Mexico differed by only 2% points. Multivariate analyses of correlates for attrition related to death, refusal, and lost to follow-up revealed that older respondents in poor health were more likely to die and be lost to follow up.Over 11 years of follow-up, immigrants were no more likely to drop out than US born respondents.
| S-EPMC3075962 | biostudies-literature
Project description:We describe baseline demographic and psychosocial characteristics of low-income, diverse diabetes adults enrolled in a telephonic intervention trial. Environment for the study was New York City (NYC) A1C Registry program. Baseline data were analyzed from 941 participants randomized to either telephonic/print or print-only intervention to improve glycemic control. Summary statistics for key variables were calculated; we highlight baseline contrasts between Latino and non-Latino participants. There were high proportions of Latino (67.7%) and non-Latino Black (28.0%) participants from South Bronx. Mean age was 56.3 years, almost 70.0% were foreign born, and 55.8% preferred Spanish language. Mean A1C was 9.2% and mean body mass index (BMI) 32.1 kg/m(2). There were significant contrasts between Latino and non-Latino participants for behavioral and psychosocial variables. This telephonic intervention study succeeded in randomizing a large number of low-income, diverse participants with poor diabetes control who are under-represented in studies. Latino versus non-Latino differences at baseline were striking.
| S-EPMC4576996 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Low-level visual features are known to play a role in value-based decision-making. However, most previous studies focused on the role of only a single low-level feature or only for one type of item. These studies also used only one method of measurement and provided a theory accounting for those specific findings. We aimed to utilize a different more robust approach. We tested the contribution of low-level visual features to value-based decision-making of three item types: fractal-art images, faces, and snack food items. We used two techniques to estimate values: subjective ratings and actual choices. We found that low-level visual features contribute to value-based decision-making even after controlling for higher level features relevant for each item category (for faces, features like eye distance and for food snacks, features like price and calories). Importantly, we show that, overall, while low-level visual features consistently contribute to value-based decision-making as was previously shown, different features distinctively contribute to preferences of specific item types, as was evident when we estimated values using both techniques. We claim that theories relying on the role of single features for individual item types do not capture the complexity of the contribution of low-level visual features to value-based decision-making. Our conclusions call for future studies using multiple item types and various measurement methods for estimating value in order to modify current theories and construct a unifying framework regarding the relationship between low-level visual features and choice.
| S-EPMC7391002 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundHospital performance is often monitored by surveys that assess patient experiences with hospital care. Certain patient characteristics may shape how some aspects of hospital care are viewed and reported on surveys.ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to examine factors considered important to patients and determine whether there were differences in answers based on age, gender, or educational level.MethodsCross-sectional study based on a hospital survey developed via literature review and specialist recommendations. This study included randomly selected patients 18 years or older who were recently admitted to the hospital or admitted more than 50 days before the survey was being applied. Survey domains included age, gender, educational level, factors considered important for the health care in a hospital setting and sources of information about hospital quality used by each subject. Answers description and statistical analysis using Fisher exact test were performed.ResultsThe survey was applied to 262 patients who were admitted under different services. The most important concern reported was the risk of getting a hospital-acquired infection (67.18%), followed by understanding explanation from the doctors' plans (64.12%) and doctors' ability to listen carefully (58.78%). Women are more concerned about their risk of falling (p = 0.03). Patients older than 65 years find important that the doctors explain everything in a way they can easily understand (p = 0.02), while lower educated patients consider most if the doctor treats them with courtesy and respect (p = 0.0027).ConclusionPatient characteristics have an effect on how hospital care is perceived. Regardless of the characteristics of the population, the risk of getting an infection was the main concern overall, so it is important that hospitals promote actions to prevent it and share them with patients.
| S-EPMC8516281 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo examine concordance between member self-reports and the organization's administrative claims data for two key health factors: number of chronic conditions, and number of prescription drugs.DataMedicare Advantage plan claims data and member survey data from 2011 to 2012.DesignMailed surveys to 15,000 members, enrolled minimum 6 months, drawn from a random sample of primary care physician practices with at least 200 members.MethodsDescriptive statistics were generated for extent of concordance. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to analyze the association of selected respondent characteristics with likelihood of concordance.FindingsConcordance for number of chronic conditions was 58.4 percent, with 27.3 percent under-reporting, 14.2 percent over-reporting. Concordance for number of prescription drugs was 56.6 percent with 38.9 percent under-reporting, 4.5 percent over-reporting. Number of prescriptions and assistance in survey completion were associated with higher likelihood of concordance for chronic conditions. Assistance in survey completion and number of chronic conditions were associated with higher concordance, and age and number of prescriptions were associated with lower concordance, for prescription drugs.ConclusionsSelf-reported number of chronic conditions and prescription medications are not in high concordance with claims data. Health care researchers and policy makers using patient self-reported data should be aware of these potential biases.
| S-EPMC4874833 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundResearch indicates that ex- and current smokers report increased levels of bodily pain compared with never smokers. This could be secondary to smoking-related disease or psychological characteristics of smokers, or it could be a neurological or vascular effect of a period of regular smoking.AimsWe compared self-reported levels of bodily pain in daily, never daily and former daily smokers stratified by age group and adjusting for a wider range of covariates than has been undertaken to-date, including health status, neuroticism, anxiety and depression.Method223,537 UK respondents aged 16+ years were surveyed between 2009 and 2013 in the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) Lab UK Study. Respondents provided information on bodily pain, smoking status and a range of sociodemographic, health, behavioural and psychological characteristics.ResultsAfter adjusting for all covariates, in 16-34-year-olds, reported levels of bodily pain in former daily smokers (Badj = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.30, 1.15, p < .001) and daily smokers (Badj = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.18, 0.82, p < .01) were higher than in never daily smokers. Reported levels of bodily pain were also higher in former daily smokers than in never daily smokers in those aged 35-64 (Badj = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.69, 1.38, p < .001) and 65 + years (Badj = 1.65, 95% CI = 0.07, 3.24, p < .05).ConclusionsAfter adjusting for key characteristics, former daily smokers reported higher levels of bodily pain compared with never daily smokers at all ages. This raises the possibility that a period of smoking may have lasting effects on pain experiences.
| S-EPMC6959457 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:Daily diaries are extensively used for examining participants' daily experience in behavioral and medical science. However, little attention is paid to whether participants recall their experiences within the time frames prescribed by the task. OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to describe survey respondents' self-reported recall time frames and to evaluate the impact of different daily diary items on respondents' reported affective states. METHODS:In this study, 577 participants completed a mood survey with one of the following 4 time frame instructions: (1) today, (2) since waking up today, (3) during the last 24 hours, or (4) in the last day. They were also asked to indicate the periods they considered when answering these items and to recall the instructional phrases associated with the items. RESULTS:Almost all participants in the today (141/146, 96.6%) and since waking up today (136/145, 93.8%) conditions reported using periods consistent with our expectations, whereas a lower proportion was observed in the during the last 24 hours (100/145, 69.0%) condition. A diverse range of responses was observed in the in the last day condition. Furthermore, the instructions influenced the levels of some self-reported affects, although exploratory analyses were not able to identify the mechanism underlying this finding. CONCLUSIONS:Overall, these results indicate that today and since waking up today are the most effective instructional phrases for inquiring about daily experience and that investigators should use caution when using the other 2 instructional phrases.
| S-EPMC7060498 | biostudies-literature
Project description:AIMS:Epidemiological studies indicate that individuals with one type of mental disorder have an increased risk of subsequently developing other types of mental disorders. This study aimed to undertake a comprehensive analysis of pair-wise lifetime comorbidity across a range of common mental disorders based on a diverse range of population-based surveys. METHODS:The WHO World Mental Health (WMH) surveys assessed 145 990 adult respondents from 27 countries. Based on retrospectively-reported age-of-onset for 24 DSM-IV mental disorders, associations were examined between all 548 logically possible temporally-ordered disorder pairs. Overall and time-dependent hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models. Absolute risks were estimated using the product-limit method. Estimates were generated separately for men and women. RESULTS:Each prior lifetime mental disorder was associated with an increased risk of subsequent first onset of each other disorder. The median HR was 12.1 (mean = 14.4; range 5.2-110.8, interquartile range = 6.0-19.4). The HRs were most prominent between closely-related mental disorder types and in the first 1-2 years after the onset of the prior disorder. Although HRs declined with time since prior disorder, significantly elevated risk of subsequent comorbidity persisted for at least 15 years. Appreciable absolute risks of secondary disorders were found over time for many pairs. CONCLUSIONS:Survey data from a range of sites confirms that comorbidity between mental disorders is common. Understanding the risks of temporally secondary disorders may help design practical programs for primary prevention of secondary disorders.
| S-EPMC7443806 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo compare models of attrition across race/ethnic groups of aging populations and discuss implications for health-related research.Data sourcesThe Health and Retirement Study (1992-2008).Study designA competing risks model was estimated using a multinomial logit model when respondents faced competing types of risks, such as dying, being lost from the study, and nonresponse in some years for different groups of elderly. Key explanatory variables were foreign birth, health insurance, and health status.Principal findingsVariables describing foreign birth, health insurance, and health status differed in their prediction of attrition across ethnic groups of aging populations.ConclusionsDifferences in the predictors of attrition across ethnic groups of elderly could potentially lead to biased estimates in health-related research using longitudinal data sources.
| S-EPMC3447243 | biostudies-literature