Earlier onset of proteinuria or hypertension is a predictor of progression from gestational hypertension or gestational proteinuria to preeclampsia.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Morikawa M
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8209055 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:ObjectiveThis study aimed to prospectively examine the impact of chronic vs pregnancy-onset habitual snoring on gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and gestational diabetes.Study designThird-trimester pregnant women were recruited from a large, tertiary medical center from March 2007 through December 2010 and screened for the presence and duration of habitual snoring, as a known marker for sleep-disordered breathing. Clinical diagnoses of gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and gestational diabetes were obtained.ResultsOf 1719 pregnant women, 34% reported snoring, with 25% reporting pregnancy-onset snoring. After adjusting for confounders, pregnancy-onset, but not chronic, snoring was independently associated with gestational hypertension (odds ratio, 2.36; 95% confidence interval, 1.48-3.77; P < .001) and preeclampsia (odds ratio, 1.59; 95% confidence interval, 1.06-2.37; P = .024) but not gestational diabetes.ConclusionNew-onset snoring during pregnancy is a strong risk factor for gestational hypertension and preeclampsia. In view of the significant morbidity and health care costs associated with hypertensive diseases of pregnancy, simple screening of pregnant women may have clinical utility.
| S-EPMC3505221 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Preeclampsia and gestational hypertension are common pregnancy complications associated with adverse maternal and child outcomes. Current tools for prediction, prevention and treatment are limited. Here we tested the association of maternal DNA sequence variants with preeclampsia in 20,064 cases and 703,117 control individuals and with gestational hypertension in 11,027 cases and 412,788 control individuals across discovery and follow-up cohorts using multi-ancestry meta-analysis. Altogether, we identified 18 independent loci associated with preeclampsia/eclampsia and/or gestational hypertension, 12 of which are new (for example, MTHFR-CLCN6, WNT3A, NPR3, PGR and RGL3), including two loci (PLCE1 and FURIN) identified in the multitrait analysis. Identified loci highlight the role of natriuretic peptide signaling, angiogenesis, renal glomerular function, trophoblast development and immune dysregulation. We derived genome-wide polygenic risk scores that predicted preeclampsia/eclampsia and gestational hypertension in external cohorts, independent of clinical risk factors, and reclassified eligibility for low-dose aspirin to prevent preeclampsia. Collectively, these findings provide mechanistic insights into the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and have the potential to advance pregnancy risk stratification.
| S-EPMC10330886 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundYoung women wishing to become living kidney donors frequently ask whether nephrectomy will affect their future pregnancies.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of living kidney donors involving 85 women (131 pregnancies after cohort entry) who were matched in a 1:6 ratio with 510 healthy nondonors from the general population (788 pregnancies after cohort entry). Kidney donations occurred between 1992 and 2009 in Ontario, Canada, with follow-up through linked health care databases until March 2013. Donors and nondonors were matched with respect to age, year of cohort entry, residency (urban or rural), income, number of pregnancies before cohort entry, and the time to the first pregnancy after cohort entry. The primary outcome was a hospital diagnosis of gestational hypertension or preeclampsia. Secondary outcomes were each component of the primary outcome examined separately and other maternal and fetal outcomes.ResultsGestational hypertension or preeclampsia was more common among living kidney donors than among nondonors (occurring in 15 of 131 pregnancies [11%] vs. 38 of 788 pregnancies [5%]; odds ratio for donors, 2.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.2 to 5.0; P=0.01). Each component of the primary outcome was also more common among donors (odds ratio, 2.5 for gestational hypertension and 2.4 for preeclampsia). There were no significant differences between donors and nondonors with respect to rates of preterm birth (8% and 7%, respectively) or low birth weight (6% and 4%, respectively). There were no reports of maternal death, stillbirth, or neonatal death among the donors. Most women had uncomplicated pregnancies after donation.ConclusionsGestational hypertension or preeclampsia was more likely to be diagnosed in kidney donors than in matched nondonors with similar indicators of baseline health. (Funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and others.).
| S-EPMC4362716 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Differential proteomic technology was used to identify urine proteomic profile of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia. Urine samples were collected from 10 patients with gestational hypertension, 10 patients with mild preeclampsia, 10 patients with severe preeclampsia and 10 normal pregnancies and analyzed by 2‑D difference gel electrophoresis, then matrix assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry was used to identify differential proteins. Subsequently, ELISA was used to verify the content variation of the identified proteins in 200 urine samples. In total, 30 differential proteins were identified. For prostaglandin‑H2 D‑isomerase (L‑PGDS), perlecan and other 15 proteins, the contents in patients with gestational hypertension were higher than that of normal pregnancies, but lower in mild and severe preeclampsia. By contrast, serum albumin and α‑1‑antitrypsin was lower in samples from patients with gestational hypertension and higher in patients with mild and severe preeclampsia compared with normal pregnancies. ELISA verified that the urinary concentration of L‑PGDS and perlecan were significantly lower in patients with preeclampsia than in normal pregnancies (P<0.05). Urine proteomics is a useful tool to identify potential biomarkers to distinguish between different types of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. L‑PGDS and perlecan could potentially be used as markers to reflect the state of renal function, and may participate in the genesis and development of renal injury during preeclampsia.
| S-EPMC6423646 | biostudies-literature
Project description:It has not been established how history of hypertension in the father or mother of pregnant women, combined with obesity or smoking, affects the risk of main forms of pregnancy-induced hypertension. A cohort of 912 pregnant women, recruited in the first trimester, was assessed; 113 (12.4%) women developed gestational hypertension (GH), 24 (2.6%) developed preeclampsia (PE) and 775 women remained normotensive (a control group). Multiple logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (AOR) (and 95% confidence intervals) of GH and PE for chronic hypertension in the father or mother of pregnant women. Some differences were discovered. (1) Paternal hypertension (vs. absence of hypertension in the family) was an independent risk factor for GH (AOR-a = 1.98 (1.2-3.28), p = 0.008). This odds ratio increased in pregnant women who smoked in the first trimester (AOR-a = 4.71 (1.01-21.96); p = 0.048) or smoked before pregnancy (AOR-a = 3.15 (1.16-8.54); p = 0.024), or had pre-pregnancy overweight (AOR-a = 2.67 (1.02-7.02); p = 0.046). (2) Maternal hypertension (vs. absence of hypertension in the family) was an independent risk factor for preeclampsia (PE) (AOR-a = 3.26 (1.3-8.16); p = 0.012). This odds ratio increased in the obese women (AOR-a = 6.51 (1.05-40.25); p = 0.044) and (paradoxically) in women who had never smoked (AOR-a = 5.31 (1.91-14.8); p = 0.001). Conclusions: Chronic hypertension in the father or mother affected the risk of preeclampsia and gestational hypertension in different ways. Modifiable factors (overweight/obesity and smoking) may exacerbate the relationships in question, however, paradoxically, beneficial effects of smoking for preeclampsia risk are also possible. Importantly, paternal and maternal hypertension were not independent risk factors for GH/PE in a subgroup of women with normal body mass index (BMI).
| S-EPMC8296897 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Preeclampsia (PE) is a relatively common but severe pregnancy disorder (with very limited effective treatments) characterized by hypertension (HTN) and usually proteinuria (PRO) or other organ damage. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of PE, HTN, and PRO have mostly identified risk loci single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in noncoding genomic regions, likely impacting the regulation of distal gene expression. The latest GWAS associated (P < 1 × 10-6) SNPs to PE (n = 25), HTN (n = 1926), and PRO (n = 170). Our algorithmic analysis (CoDeS3D) used chromatin connection data (Hi-C) derived from 70 cell lines followed by analysis of two expression quantitative trail loci (eQTL) cohorts: GTEx (838 donors, 54 tissues, totaling 15 253 samples) and DICE (91 donors, 13 blood tissue types). We identified spatially constrained eQTLs which implicate gene targets in PE (n = 16), HTN (n = 3561), and PRO (n = 335). By overlapping these target genes and their molecular pathways (protein-protein interaction networks), we identified shared functional impacts between PE and HTN, which are significantly enriched for regulatory interactions which target genes intolerant to loss-of-function mutations. While the disease-associated SNP loci mostly do not overlap, the regulatory signals (target genes and pathways) overlap, informing on PE risk mechanisms. This demonstrates a model in which genetic predisposition to HTN and PRO lays a molecular groundwork toward risk for PE pathogenesis. This overlap at the gene regulatory network level identifies possible shared therapeutic targets for future study.
| S-EPMC10106839 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionPrediction models for gestational hypertension and preeclampsia have been developed with data and assumptions from developed countries. Their suitability and application for low resource settings have not been tested. This review aimed to identify and assess the methodological quality of prediction models for gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia with reference to their application in low resource settings.MethodsUsing combinations of keywords for gestational hypertension, preeclampsia and prediction models seven databases were searched to identify prediction models developed with maternal data obtained before 20 weeks of pregnancy and including at least three predictors (Prospero registration CRD 42017078786). Prediction model characteristics and performance measures were extracted using the CHARMS, STROBE and TRIPOD checklists. The National Institute of Health quality assessment tools for observational cohort and cross-sectional studies were used for study quality appraisal.ResultsWe retrieved 8,309 articles out of which 40 articles were eligible for review. Seventy-seven percent of all the prediction models combined biomarkers with maternal clinical characteristics. Biomarkers used as predictors in most models were pregnancy associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) and placental growth factor (PlGF). Only five studies were conducted in a low-and middle income country.ConclusionsMost of the studies evaluated did not completely follow the CHARMS, TRIPOD and STROBE guidelines in prediction model development and reporting. Adherence to these guidelines will improve prediction modelling studies and subsequent application of prediction models in clinical practice. Prediction models using maternal characteristics, with good discrimination and calibration, should be externally validated for use in low and middle income countries where biomarker assays are not routinely available.
| S-EPMC7173928 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Preeclampsia and gestational hypertensive disorders (GHD) are common complications of pregnancy that adversely affect maternal and offspring health, often with long-term consequences. High BMI, advanced age, and pre-existing conditions are known risk factors for GHD. Yet, assessing a woman's risk of GHD based on only these characteristics needs to be reevaluated in order to identify at-risk women, facilitate early diagnosis, and implement lifestyle recommendations. This study demonstrates that a risk score developed with machine learning from the case-control genetics dataset can be used as an early screening test for GHD. We further confirm BMI as a risk factor for GHD and investigate a relationship between GHD and genetically constructed anthropometric measures and biomarkers. Our results show that polygenic risk score can be used as an early screening tool that, together with other known risk factors and medical history, would assist in identifying women at higher risk of GHD before its onset to enable stratification of patients into low-risk and high-risk groups for monitoring and preventative programs to mitigate the risks.
| S-EPMC9694636 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo investigate the association between hypothyroxinemia and the risk of preeclampsia-eclampsia and gestational hypertension.DesignHistorical cohort study.MethodsThe study included pregnant individuals who delivered live-born singletons and had at least one thyroid function assessment during pregnancy at a tertiary hospital. Hypothyroxinemia was defined as thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels within the normal reference range and free thyroxine (FT4) levels lower than the tenth percentile. Risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for preeclampsia-eclampsia and gestational hypertension between women with and without a diagnosis of hypothyroxinemia during pregnancy were estimated using a generalized estimating equation model.ResultsA total of 59,463 women with live-born singletons were included in the analysis. Logistic regression models with restricted cubic spline suggested that there was a U-shaped association between FT4 levels and preeclampsia-eclampsia risk. Compared with euthyroid women, those with hypothyroxinemia had an increased risk of preeclampsia-eclampsia (RR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.02-1.31), and the risk increased with the increasing severity of hypothyroxinemia (p for trend < 0.001). Moreover, persistent hypothyroxinemia from the first to second trimesters was associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia-eclampsia (RR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.03-1.83), especially for women with severe hypothyroxinemia (RR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.12-2.58). In contrast, there was no association between hypothyroxinemia and gestational hypertension.ConclusionOur study suggested that hypothyroxinemia was only associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia-eclampsia, especially in women with persistent hypothyroxinemia in the first half of pregnancy. Analyses of the associated risk of gestational hypertension with hypothyroxinemia were not significant.
| S-EPMC8600315 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background and objectiveHypertension (HTN) is associated with worsening clinical outcomes in neurodegenerative diseases. The relationship between HTN and the age of diagnosis (ADx) of Huntington's disease (HD) is not clear, however. This study sought to determine if the presence of HTN in adult patients with premanifest HD was associated with an earlier ADx compared with normotensive patients with HD.MethodsPremanifest participants from Enroll-HD were included if they had a cytosine-adenine-guanine greater than or equal to 36, baseline diagnostic confidence level less than 4, baseline total functional capacity score greater than 11, and baseline motor score less than 21. There were 3020 premanifest participants with HD, and 293 reported a diagnosis of HTN. HTN was transformed into a time-dependent variable, and a Cox proportional hazard survival model determine if the presence of HTN affected the time to motor conversion. Baseline cytosine-adenine-guanine-age product score, cytosine-adenine-guanine repeat length, baseline age, sex, baseline body mass index, smoking history, and region were included as covariates.ResultsParticipants with HTN had an increased annualized hazard of motor conversion compared to normotensive participants with HD (hazard ratio, 1.29; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.64; P = 0.034).ConclusionsA previous study reported a protective effect of HTN in HD, but did not account for the fact that the prevalence of HTN increases with age. By controlling for this confounder, we more accurately outline the association between the ADx of HD to demonstrate that a diagnosis of HTN may be associated with an earlier ADx of HD. These results represent an association, however, and further investigation is warranted. © 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
| S-EPMC9853516 | biostudies-literature