Dataset Information

Is there an optimal conditioning for older patients with AML receiving allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation?

ABSTRACT: The optimal conditioning regimen for older patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains unclear. In this study, we compared outcomes of AML patients >60 years of age undergoing allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation at our institution. All 404 consecutively treated patients received 1 of the following conditioning regimens: (1) fludarabine+melphalan 100 mg/m2 (FM100), (2) fludarabine+melphalan 140 mg/m2 (FM140), (3) fludarabine+IV busulfan AUC ≥ 5000/d × 4 d (Bu≥20000), and (4) fludarabine+IV busulfan AUC 4000/d × 4 d (Bu16000). A propensity score analysis (PSA) was used to compare outcomes between these 4 groups. Among the 4 conditioning regimens, the FM100 group had a significantly better long-term survival with 5-year progression-free survival of 49% vs 30%, 34%, and 23%, respectively. The benefit of the FM100 regimen resulted primarily from the lower nonrelapse mortality associated with this regimen, an effect more pronounced in patients with lower performance status. The PSA confirmed that FM100 was associated with better posttransplantation survival, whereas no significant differences were seen between the other regimen groups. In summary, older patients with AML benefited from a reduced-intensity conditioning regimen with lower melphalan doses (FM100), which was associated with better survival, even though it was primarily used in patients who could not receive a more intense conditioning regimen.

SUBMITTER: Ciurea SO

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8212356 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Similar Datasets

Project description:A minimally toxic nonmyeloablative regimen was developed for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) to treat patients with advanced hematologic malignancies who are older or have comorbid conditions.To describe outcomes of patients 60 years or older after receiving minimally toxic nonmyeloablative allogeneic HCT.From 1998 to 2008, 372 patients aged 60 to 75 years were enrolled in prospective clinical HCT trials at 18 collaborating institutions using conditioning with low-dose total body irradiation alone or combined with fludarabine, 90 mg/m(2), before related (n = 184) or unrelated (n = 188) donor transplants. Postgrafting immunosuppression included mycophenolate mofetil and a calcineurin inhibitor.Overall and progression-free survival were estimated by Kaplan-Meier method. Cumulative incidence estimates were calculated for acute and chronic graft-vs-host disease, toxicities, achievement of full donor chimerism, complete remission, relapse, and nonrelapse mortality. Hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated from Cox regression models.Overall, 5-year cumulative incidences of nonrelapse mortality and relapse were 27% (95% CI, 22%-32%) and 41% (95% CI, 36%-46%), respectively, leading to 5-year overall and progression-free survival of 35% (95% CI, 30%-40%) and 32% (95% CI, 27%-37%), respectively. These outcomes were not statistically significantly different when stratified by age groups. Furthermore, increasing age was not associated with increases in acute or chronic graft-vs-host disease or organ toxicities. In multivariate models, HCT-specific comorbidity index scores of 1 to 2 (HR, 1.58 [95% CI, 1.08-2.31]) and 3 or greater (HR, 1.97 [95% CI, 1.38-2.80]) were associated with worse survival compared with an HCT-specific comorbidity index score of 0 (P = .003 overall). Similarly, standard relapse risk (HR, 1.67 [95% CI, 1.10-2.54]) and high relapse risk (HR, 2.22 [95% CI, 1.43-3.43]) were associated with worse survival compared with low relapse risk (P < .001 overall).Among patients aged 60 to 75 years treated with nonmyeloablative allogeneic HCT, 5-year overall and progression-free survivals were 35% and 32%, respectively.

Project description:Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) is the only curative treatment for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). The proportion of MDS patients referred for transplantation evaluation, those undergoing transplantation, and the reasons for not undergoing transplantation are unknown. In this retrospective analysis, predefined HCT eligibility and indications criteria were applied to 362 unselected patients with newly diagnosed MDS seen by leukemia faculty between 2008 and 2015 at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. Two hundred ninety-four patients (81%) were deemed eligible for transplantation and among these, transplantation was considered indicated in 244 (83%). Of these, 158 of 244 (65%) were referred for transplantation evaluation at a median of 3.9 months from diagnosis. Overall 120 of 362 (33%) underwent transplantation at a median of 7.7 months from diagnosis. Metastatic solid-organ malignancy was the major reason for transplantation ineligibility (54%), and death due to MDS, which occurred in 41% of candidates who did not undergo transplantation, was the major reason for not undergoing transplantation. Factors associated with a lower likelihood of referral for transplantation evaluation included age ≥65 (P < .001), ≥2 comorbidities (P = .008), intermediate-1/low risk MDS (P < .001), <5% blasts at diagnosis (overall P < .001), having Medicare/Medicaid health insurance (P < .001), not being married (P = .017), and diagnosis between 2008 and 2011 (P = .035). On multivariate analysis adjusting for all of the previous factors, diagnosis between 2008 and 2011 (P < .001), age ≥65 (P = .001), and <5% blasts at diagnosis (overall P = .031) were associated with a lower likelihood of referral for transplantation evaluation. Factors associated with a lower likelihood of undergoing transplantation included age ≥65 (P < .001), ≥2 comorbidities (P = .003), intermediate-1/low risk MDS (P < .001), <5% blasts (overall P < .001), very low/low/intermediate risk International Prognostic Scoring System-revised karyotype (P = .018), and having Medicare/Medicaid health insurance (P < .001). In multivariate analysis adjusting for all of the previous factors, age ≥65 (P = .021), presence of ≥2 comorbidities (P = .018), and <5% blasts (overall P = .011) were associated with a lower likelihood of undergoing transplantation. The results highlight that transplantation for MDS remains underutilized, particularly for candidates over the age of 65.

Dataset Information

Is there an optimal conditioning for older patients with AML receiving allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation?

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets