Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

8 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms, Polygenic Risk Score, and Thalamic Development in Children From the Brazilian High-Risk Cohort for Mental Conditions (BHRCS).

ABSTRACT: Background: Thalamic volume measures have been linked to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in children and adolescents. However, it is unclear if alterations in thalamic volumes occur before or after symptom onset and if there is a relation to the presence of sub-clinical obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS). Here, we explore the relationship between OCS and the rate of thalamic volume change in a cohort of children and youth at high risk to develop a mental disorder. A secondary aim was to determine if there is a relationship between OCS and the individual's OCD polygenic risk score (OCD-PRS) and between the rate of thalamic volume change and the OCD-PRS. Methods: The sample included 378 children enrolled in the longitudinal Brazilian High-Risk Cohort for Mental Conditions. Participants were assessed for OCS and the symmetrized percent change (SPC) of thalamic volume across two time-points separated by 3 years, along with the OCD-PRS. Zero-altered negative binomial models were used to analyze the relationship between OCS and thalamic SPC. Multiple linear regressions were used to examine the relationship between thalamic SPC and OCD-PRS. Results: A significant relationship between OCS and the right thalamus SPC (p = 0.042) was found. There was no significant relationship between changes in thalamic volume SPC and OCD-PRS. Conclusions: The findings suggest that changes in the right thalamic volume over the course of 3 years in children may be associated to OCS. Future studies are needed to confirm these results and further characterize the specific nature of OCS symptoms associated with thalamic volumes.

SUBMITTER: Ravagnani Salto AB

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8215160 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Similar Datasets

Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms and Other Symptoms of the At-risk Mental State for Psychosis: A Network Perspective.

Project description:BackgroundThe high prevalence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) among subjects at Ultra-High Risk (UHR) for psychosis is well documented. However, the network structure spanning the relations between OCS and symptoms of the at risk mental state for psychosis as assessed with the Comprehensive Assessment of At Risk Mental States (CAARMS) has not yet been investigated. This article aimed to use a network approach to investigate the associations between OCS and CAARMS symptoms in a large sample of individuals with different levels of risk for psychosis.MethodThree hundred and forty-one UHR and 66 healthy participants were included, who participated in the EU-GEI study. Data analysis consisted of constructing a network of CAARMS symptoms, investigating central items in the network, and identifying the shortest pathways between OCS and positive symptoms.ResultsStrong associations between OCS and anxiety, social isolation and blunted affect were identified. Depression was the most central symptom in terms of the number of connections, and anxiety was a key item in bridging OCS to other symptoms. Shortest paths between OCS and positive symptoms revealed that unusual thought content and perceptual abnormalities were connected mainly via anxiety, while disorganized speech was connected via blunted affect and cognitive change.ConclusionsFindings provide valuable insight into the central role of depression and the potential connective component of anxiety between OCS and other symptoms of the network. Interventions specifically aimed to reduce affective symptoms might be crucial for the development and prospective course of symptom co-occurrence.

| S-EPMC8266672 | biostudies-literature

Cingulate and thalamic metabolites in obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Project description:Focal brain metabolic effects detected by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) represent prospective indices of clinical status and guides to treatment design. Sampling bilateral pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pACC), anterior middle cingulate cortex (aMCC), and thalamus in 40 adult patients and 16 healthy controls, we examined relationships of the neurometabolites glutamate+glutamine (Glx), creatine+phosphocreatine (Cr), and choline-compounds (Cho) with OCD diagnosis and multiple symptom types. The latter included OC core symptoms (Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale - YBOCS), depressive symptoms (Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale - MADRS), and general functioning (Global Assessment Scale - GAS). pACC Glx was 9.7% higher in patients than controls. Within patients, Cr and Cho correlated negatively with YBOCS and MADRS, while Cr correlated positively with the GAS. In aMCC, Cr and Cho correlated negatively with MADRS, while Cr in thalamus correlated positively with GAS. These findings present moderate support for glutamatergic and cingulocentric perspectives on OCD. Based on our prior metabolic model of OCD, we offer one possible interpretation of these group and correlational effects as consequences of a corticothalamic state of elevated glutamatergic receptor activity alongside below-normal glutamatergic transporter activity.

| S-EPMC5780184 | biostudies-literature

Are obsessive-compulsive symptoms impulsive, compulsive or both?

Project description:BackgroundThe relationships between obsessive-compulsive symptoms and distinct forms of impulsivity and compulsivity are unclear. Such examination would be relevant in terms of how best to classify psychiatric disorders and in understanding candidate 'traits' that extend across a continuum between normalcy and clinical disorders.Method515 young adults (aged 18-29years) completed the Padua Inventory and undertook detailed clinical and neurocognitive assessments. Relationships between obsessive-compulsive symptoms and distinct types of impulsivity and compulsivity were evaluated using linear regression modeling.ResultsObsessive-Compulsive symptoms were significantly predicted by female gender, lower quality of life, psychiatric disorders in general (but not impulse control disorders), and worse extra-dimensional set-shifting. Obsessive-Compulsive symptoms were not significantly predicted by alcohol/nicotine consumption, stop-signal reaction times, or decision-making abilities.ConclusionThese data indicate that obsessive-compulsive symptoms are more related to certain forms of compulsivity than to impulsivity. These findings have important implications for diagnostic conceptualizations and neurobiological models.

| S-EPMC5330431 | biostudies-literature

Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder symptoms as a risk factor for postpartum depressive symptoms.

Project description:For women with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) trait symptoms, coping with childbearing and parenting could be associated with postpartum depressive symptoms. Therefore, the possible relationship between OCPD trait symptoms and trajectories of postpartum depressive symptoms was examined. A cohort of 1427 women was followed from late pregnancy until 12 months' postpartum. Trajectories of postpartum depressive symptoms were determined using growth mixture modeling with five repeated assessments. Next, the relationship between OCPD trait symptoms and these trajectories was examined through multinomial regression. Three postpartum depressive symptom trajectories were identified: (1) low symptoms (92%), (2) increasing-decreasing symptoms (inverted u-shape) (5%), and (3) increasing symptoms (3%). OCPD trait symptoms were associated with a higher likelihood of the trajectories increasing-decreasing symptoms (OR 1.26; 95% CI 1.14-1.39) and increasing symptoms (OR 1.16; 95% CI 1.02-1.32), compared to reference trajectory (low symptoms), adjusted for age, educational level, unplanned pregnancy, previous depressive episode (s), and parity.

| S-EPMC6647494 | biostudies-literature

Distinct risk factors for obsessive and compulsive symptoms in chronic schizophrenia.

Project description:BackgroundObsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is common in clozapine-treated patients although the actual prevalence, phenomenology and risk factors remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to address the three aforementioned questions.MethodsThe electronic records of a large cohort of clozapine-medicated schizophrenia patients routinely screened for OCD were used. The Obsessive Compulsive Inventory Revised version (OCI-R) was available from 118 cases and a 21 points cut-off threshold for OCD was defined.ResultsOCD prevalence was 47%, higher in patients on poly-pharmacy than on monotherapy (64% vs 31%; p = 0.001). Two OCI-R factors had significantly higher scores and distinct risk factors: checking behaviour (mean = 5.1; SD = 3.6) correlated with length of clozapine treatment (r = 0.21; p = 0.026), and obsessing factor (mean = 4.8; SD = 3.6) correlated with psychosis severity (r = 0.59; p = 0.001). These factors along with total OCI-R, did not correlate with either clozapine dose or plasma levels, after correcting for psychosis severity.ConclusionsScreening for OCD in clozapine patients, and probably in those treated with structurally similar drugs with potent antiserotoninergic properties, should be widely adopted by clinicians. Further research is needed to understand the pathophysiology underlying repetitive behavior onset in clozapine-treated patients.

| S-EPMC6236440 | biostudies-literature

The relationship between obsessive–compulsive symptoms and depressive symptoms in patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder: A network analysis

Project description:Aim: The network model suggests that the comorbidity of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) and depression is due to direct interactions between OCD and depression symptoms. The study investigates the network structure of OCD and depressive symptoms in patients with OCD and explores the pathways that connect the OCD and depression symptoms. Materials and Methods: The items of Yale-Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Symptom (Y-BOCS) Scale and the Depression Self-Rating Scale of 445 patients with OCD were analyzed by network model. Statistical analysis and visualization of the network were conducted using R software. Results: Two bridge edges “uneasiness” and “time consumed by obsessions” and “low spirit” and “distress caused by obsessions” connected the OCD symptoms to depressive symptoms. Two closely related edges were between “interference due to obsessions” and “interference due to compulsions” and between “difficulty resisting obsessions” and “difficulty resisting compulsions.” The symptoms “interference due to compulsions,” “distress caused by obsessions,” “time consumed by compulsions,” and “uneasiness” had the highest expected influence centrality. Conclusions: This study highlighted the relationship between “uneasiness” and “time consumed by obsessions” and between “low spirit” and “distress caused by obsessions.” In addition, “interference due to compulsions” is found as the core symptom in the network. Targeting these symptoms may help prevent and treat the comorbidity of obsession–compulsion and depression in patients with OCD.

| S-EPMC10309257 | biostudies-literature

Developmental alterations of frontal-striatal-thalamic connectivity in obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Project description:Pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder is characterized by abnormalities of frontal-striatal-thalamic circuitry that appear near illness onset and persist over its course. Distinct frontal-striatal-thalamic loops through cortical centers for cognitive control (anterior cingulate cortex) and emotion processing (ventral medial frontal cortex) follow unique maturational trajectories, and altered connectivity within distinct loops may be differentially associated with OCD at specific stages of development.Altered development of striatal and thalamic connectivity to medial frontal cortex was tested in 60 OCD patients compared with 61 healthy control subjects at child, adolescent, and adult stages of development, using resting-state functional connectivity MRI.OCD in the youngest patients was associated with reduced connectivity of dorsal striatum and medial dorsal thalamus to rostral and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, respectively. Increased connectivity of dorsal striatum to ventral medial frontal cortex was observed in patients at all developmental stages. In child patients, reduced connectivity between dorsal striatum and rostral anterior cingulate cortex correlated with OCD severity.Frontal-striatal-thalamic loops involved in cognitive control are hypoconnected in young patients near illness onset, whereas loops implicated in emotion processing are hyperconnected throughout the illness.

| S-EPMC3167379 | biostudies-literature

Shared genetic etiology between obsessive-compulsive disorder, obsessive-compulsive symptoms in the population, and insulin signaling.

Project description:Obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) in the population have been linked to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in genetic and epidemiological studies. Insulin signaling has been implicated in OCD. We extend previous work by assessing genetic overlap between OCD, population-based OCS, and central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral insulin signaling. We conducted genome-wide association studies (GWASs) in the population-based Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort (PNC, 650 children and adolescents) of the total OCS score and six OCS factors from an exploratory factor analysis of 22 questions. Subsequently, we performed polygenic risk score (PRS)-based analysis to assess shared genetic etiologies between clinical OCD (using GWAS data from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium), the total OCS score and OCS factors. We then performed gene-set analyses with a set of OCD-linked genes centered around CNS insulin-regulated synaptic function and PRS-based analyses for five peripheral insulin signaling-related traits. For validation purposes, we explored data from the independent Spit for Science population cohort (5,047 children and adolescents). In the PNC, we found a significant shared genetic etiology between OCD and 'guilty taboo thoughts'. In the Spit for Science cohort, we additionally observed genetic sharing between 'symmetry/counting/ordering' and 'contamination/cleaning'. The CNS insulin-linked gene-set also associated with 'symmetry/counting/ordering' in the PNC. Further, we identified genetic sharing between peripheral insulin signaling-related traits: type 2 diabetes with 'aggressive taboo thoughts', and levels of fasting insulin and 2?h glucose with OCD. In conclusion, OCD, OCS in the population and insulin-related traits share genetic risk factors, indicating a common etiological mechanism underlying somatic and psychiatric disorders.

| S-EPMC7186226 | biostudies-literature

Polygenic risk score for hypercholesterolemia in a Brazilian familial hypercholesterolemia cohort.

Project description:Background and aimsFamilial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic disorder characterized by high levels of LDL-C leading to premature cardiovascular disease (CAD). Only about 40% of individuals with a clinical diagnosis of FH have a causative genetic variant identified, and a proportion of genetically negative cases may have a polygenic cause rather than a still unidentified monogenic cause. This work aims to evaluate and validate the role of a polygenic risk score (PRS) associated with hypercholesterolemia in a Brazilian FH cohort and its clinical implications.MethodsWe analyzed a previously derived PRS of 12 and 6 SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) in 684 FH individuals (491 mutation-negative [FH/M-], 193 mutation-positive [FH/M+]) and in 1605 controls. Coronary artery calcium (CAC) score was also evaluated.ResultsThe PRS was independently associated with LDL-C in control individuals (p < 0.001). Within this group, in individuals in the highest quartile of the 12 SNPs PRS, the odds ratio for CAC score >100 was 1.7 (95% CI: 1.01-2.88, p = 0.04) after adjustment for age and sex. Subjects in the FH/M- group had the highest mean score in both 12 and 6 SNPs PRS (38.25 and 27.82, respectively) when compared to the other two groups (p = 2.2 × 10-16). Both scores were also higher in the FH/M+ group (36.48 and 26.26, respectively) when compared to the control group (p < 0.001 for the two scores) but inferior to the FH/M- group. Within FH individuals, the presence of a higher PRS score was not associated with LDL-C levels or with CAD risk.ConclusionA higher PRS is associated with significantly higher levels of LDL-C and it is independently associated with higher CAC in the Brazilian general population. A polygenic cause can explain a fraction of FH/M- individuals but does not appear to be a modulator of the clinical phenotype among FH individuals, regardless of mutation status.

| S-EPMC9833269 | biostudies-literature

Smaller volume of posterior thalamic nuclei in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Project description:AimAlthough the thalamus is a key structure in the pathophysiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), reports regarding thalamic volume alterations in OCD patients have been inconsistent. Because the thalamus has a complex structure with distinct functions, we investigated subregional volume changes in the thalamus and their relationship with clinical attributes in a large sample of medication-free OCD patients.MethodsWe collected T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging data from 177 OCD patients and 152 healthy controls (HCs). Using FreeSurfer, we segmented the thalamus into 12 nuclei groups; subregional volumes were compared between groups using an analysis of covariance. The relationships between altered thalamic volumes and OC symptom severity and OCD onset age were investigated.ResultsCompared to HCs, OCD patients showed a smaller volume of the left posterior thalamic nuclei. Other thalamic subregions did not show significant group differences. There was a significant negative correlation between the volume of the left posterior thalamic nuclei and the age of OCD onset but no significant correlation with OC symptom severity.ConclusionsThis is the first study to report reduced volume of the posterior thalamic nuclei in a large sample of medication-free OCD patients. Our results suggest that the volume of posterior thalamic nuclei may reflect different pathophysiological mechanisms of OCD subtypes related to the age of onset. Additional studies with pediatric samples are required to clarify the relationship between thalamic alterations and the onset age of OCD.

| S-EPMC8102624 | biostudies-literature

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

Tweets

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data