Environmental characteristics around the household and their association with hookworm infection in rural communities from Bahir Dar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Anegagrie M
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8219153 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Background:Globally, nearly a third of the population suffers from at least one form of malnutrition. Both over- and undernutrition are a growing concern in developing countries particularly among female adolescents. This study was aimed at assessing nutritional status and associated factors among female adolescents in secondary schools of Bahir Dar City, Amhara, Ethiopia, 2019. Methods:A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted in secondary schools of Bahir Dar City among 682 female adolescent students in 2019. A simple random sampling technique with proportional allocation was used to select study participants. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Data were entered into Epi Info version 7.1 and analyzed by SPSS version 21. Underweight and overweight statuses of the participants were determined by using the WHO cutoff point. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regressions were used to identify the significance of association at a 95% confidence interval. P value < 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance. Results:In this study, the prevalence of underweight, overweight, and obesity was 15%, 8.4%, and 4.7%, respectively. Female adolescents found between age groups of 14-16.5 years old (AOR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.03-2.69), family?size ? 4 (AOR: 2.8, 95% CI: 1.05-4.99), participants who did not eat meat once per week (AOR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.90-2.82), and no onset of menarche (AOR: 4.4, 95% CI: 1.21-15.75) were found to be more likely underweight. In addition, adolescents with family monthly income above 6500 Ethiopian birr (AOR: 12.7, 95% CI: 2.47-65.62), who ate meat two times and more per week (AOR: 2.07, 95% CI: 1.47-9.14), and who ate fruit at least once a week (AOR: 0.20, 95% CI: 0.05-0.78) were more likely to be overweight compared with counterparts. Conclusion and Recommendation. The prevalence of underweight and overweight was found to be high. Design evidence-based adolescent nutritional intervention shall be emphasized by the government and other concerned bodies to avert the dual burden of malnutrition.
| S-EPMC7448125 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundIntention to leave is an employee's plan of tendency to leave the current working institute to find an alternative job in the near future. Even though nurses are the backbone of patient caring, there was no study done on intention to leave their job in North West Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess nurses' intention to leave their job and associated factors in Bahir Dar, North West Ethiopia, 2017.MethodsAn institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1st March to 30th March 2017. After proportional sample size allocation, 210 participants were selected by simple random sampling method. Data were collected by using a self-administered structured questionnaire. Statistical Package for Social Science version 23.0 was used to enter, clean, code and analyze the collected data. The association between independent and dependent variables was assessed by using bivariable and multivariable logistic regression model. Factors that had statistically significant association with the dependent variable (P <?0.05) were identified as significant in the multivariable logistic regression analysis.ResultFrom a total of 210 nurses, 191 of them were participating in this study making a response rate of 90.95%. From all nurses, 64.4%of them were employed in the hospital. In this study, nurses' overall intention to leave their job was 64.9% (95% CI: [57.6, 71.2]). Nurses' intention to leave their job was determined by disagree in recognition (AOR?=?4.83; 95%CI: [1.73, 13.50]), and work itself (AOR?=?31.30; 95%CI: [7.16, 136.78]).ConclusionNurses' intention to leave their job in the current study was high. The contributing factors for this problem were disagree in recognition at work and work itself. Hence, we recommended that hospital and health center managers should maintain recognition at work and work itself to retain nurses.
| S-EPMC7278137 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundBahir Dar International Airport and its surrounding habitats are known for their rich avifaunal diversity, which results in bird-aircraft collisions as a fundamental problem in the area. A study on bird diversity and bird-aircraft strikes at Bahir Dar International Airport was conducted between February 2020 and August 2020. Based on its vegetation structures, the study area was classified into four habitat types namely; bushland, grassland, wetland, and modified habitats. Transect and point count methods were used to collect data on avian diversity and abundance. Questionnaire surveys, interviews, and document analysis were used to gather information about incidents and protection measures against bird-aircraft strike problems. Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Simpson's similarity index, ANOVA, and chi-square test were used for data analysis.ResultsA total of 80 avian species belonging to 15 orders and 40 families were identified in the study area. The highest species diversity (H' = 3.59) and species evenness (E = 0.96) were recorded in modified habitats during the wet season. Relative abundance categories of birds in the study area showed that most were uncommon birds. Birds pose severe threats to aircraft in the airport and 92.3% of the respondents replied that most bird-aircraft strikes occurred early in the morning and late in the afternoon when birds remain more active. The majority (88.5%) of questionnaire participants confirmed that bird-aircraft strike incidents frequently occurred during the time of takeoff and landing of the aircraft. It is also known that on average forty bird-aircraft collisions per year happen at the airport.ConclusionBahir Dar International Airport is rich in its bird diversity that recalls the aviation authority to work in collaboration with different organizations to avoid bird-aircraft strike problems using different control measures without compromising the conservation of birds.
| S-EPMC10127315 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundInappropriate use of antibiotics in the community plays a role in the emergence and spread of bacteria resistant to antibiotics which threatens human health significantly. The present study was designed to determine inappropriate use of antibiotics and its associated factors among urban and rural communities of Bahir Dar city administration.MethodsA comparative cross sectional study design was conducted in urban and rural kebeles of Bahir Dar city administration from February 1 to March 28, 2014. A total of 1082 participants included in the study using a systematic random sampling technique. Data was collected using pre-tested and structured questionnaire. Data was coded and entered into SPSSS version 16 for statistical analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression model were used to identify factors associated with inappropriate use of antibiotics.ResultsInappropriate use of antibiotics was 30.9% without significant difference between urban (33.1%) and rural (29.2%) communities. From the inappropriate antibiotic use practice, self-medication was 18.0% and the remaining (12.9%) was for family member medication. Respiratory tract symptoms (74.6%), diarrhea (74.4%), and physical injury/wound (64.3%) were the three main reasons that the communities had used antibiotics inappropriately. Factors associated with inappropriate use of antibiotics were low educational status, younger age, unsatisfaction with the health care services, engagement with a job, and low knowledge on the use of antibiotic preparations of human to animals.ConclusionsInappropriate use of antibiotic exists in the study area with no significant difference between urban and rural communities. The study indicated an insight on what factors that intervention should be made to reduce inappropriate use of antibiotics in the community. Interventions that consider age groups, educational status, common health problems and their jobs together with improvement of health care services should be areas of focus to reduce inappropriate use of antibiotics.
| S-EPMC4574735 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundFear of falling (FOF) is the most common public health problem, which can lead to loss of confidence, reducing physical and social activities, depression, loss of mobility, increased risk of falls, physical weakness, and strong negative impact on an older people's quality of life. However, studies in developing country were lacking, particularly in the study area. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to fill this gap in the study area in particular and the country in general. The purpose of the current study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors with fear of falling among older people 60 years and older who were living in Bahir Dar city, Ethiopia.MethodsA community based cross sectional study design was conducted with a total sample size of 527 participants and multistage random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. The fall efficacy scale tool was used to develop the questionnaire. Data were coded, cleaned and entered into SPSS version 23 for analysis. Multi-collinearity and model fitting were checked. In bivariate logistic regression analyses, variables with p-value< 0.25 were considered as potential candidates for multivariable logistic regression analyses. A variable with p-value< 0.05 at 95% CI was considered as statistically significant. Finally, the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were estimated and interpreted.ResultsA total of 481 participants was included in this study. The prevalence of fear of falling among the older people was 59.9% (95% CI; 55.7-64.4). Fear of falling was significantly associated with the following variables:- advanced age (AOR = 4.01, 95% CI; 1.65-9.74), female (AOR = 4.25, 95% CI; 2.25-8.01), lower education level (AOR = 2.77, 95% CI; 1.12-6.82), anxiety [AOR = 9.03, 95% CI; 4.78-17.07), confirmed medical conditions (AOR = 2.01, 95% CI; 1.03-3.91) and walking aids used (AOR = 13.82; 95% CI; 5.21-36.63).ConclusionsA moderate prevalence of fear of falling was observed. The major associated factors were advanced age, being female, lower educational level, anxiety, confirmed medical conditions and walking aids used. Hence, we recommend the need of rehabilitation programs that enable healthy aging and further rigor research is recommended.
| S-EPMC8532299 | biostudies-literature
Project description:OBJECTIVE:The study aimed to assess and compare the prevalence of caesarean birth and associated factors among women gave birth at public and private health facilities in Bahir Dar city, Amhara region, Ethiopia. METHODS:An institution-based comparative cross-sectional study design was conducted from March1-April 15, 2019 at health facility provide emergency obstetrics service in Bahir Dar city. Study participants 724(362 for each public and private facility) were recruited using a systematic random sampling technique. Structured interview administered questionnaires and chart review checklist were used to collect data. The data were entered into Epi info version 7.2 and analyzed using SPSS version 23.0 software. A binary logistic regression model was fitted and an adjusted odds ration with 95% CI was used to determine the presence and strength of association between independent variables and cesarean birth. RESULTS:The response rate was 98.3% and 97.2% for public and private health facilities respectively. The prevalence of caesarean birth in private health facilities was 198 (56.3%) (95%CI: 50.9, 61.4) and in public health facilities was 98 (27.5%) (95%CI: 22.8, 32.2). Overall prevalence of caesarean birth was 296 (41.8%) (95%CI: 38.4, 45.5). Breech presentation (AOR = 3.64; 95%CI:1.49, 8.89), urban residence (AOR = 6.54; 95%CI:2.59, 16.48) and being referred (AOR = 2.44; 95%CI:1.46, 4.08) were variables significantly associated with caesarean birth among public facilities whereas age between 15-24 (AOR = 0.20, 95% CI; 0.07, 0.52), government employe (AOR = 2.28; 95%CI: 1.39,3.75), self-employed (AOR = 3.73; 95%CI:1.15,8.59), para one (AOR = 6.79; 95%CI:2.02, 22.79), para two (AOR = 3.88; 95% CI:1.15,13.08), and wealth index being highest level of wealth asset AOR = 5.39; 95%CI:1.08, 26.8) in private health facility associated with caesarean birth. CONCLUSIONS:We concluded that there is high prevalence of caesarean birth both in private and public facility. There is a statistically significant difference in the prevalence of caesarean birth in public and private health facilities.
| S-EPMC7162673 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundYoung person's susceptibility to sexually transmitted infection has been consistently linked to intractable work places. In Ethiopia, different behavior related interventions had carried out to raise awareness of risky sexual behaviors and their consequences. However, there is still limited information on risky sexual practices.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among the big construction site daily laborers from April 1, 2019 to May 30, 2019. A pre-tested questionnaire was used for data collection, and data were entered into Epidata and transported to SPSS for analysis. Independent variables with p < 0.05 in the multivariate analysis were considered to have a statistically significant association with risky sexual practice.ResultAmong 627 sample respondents, the magnitude of risky sexual practice was found to be 24.2%. Labor workers who had a history of an STIs (AOR = 4.29; 95% CI: 2.56, 7.19), those who enjoy in the nightclubs (AOR = 2.33; 95% CI: 1.34, 4.08), those who started sex by peer pressure (AOR = 3.42; 95% CI: 2.06, 5.68), substance users (AOR = 2.03; 95% CI: 1.08, 3.82), those who were unable to read and write (AOR = 3.65; 95% CI: 1.41, 9.67), living independently (AOR = 3.71; 95% CI: 1.78, 7.77) and living with relatives (AOR = 3.12; 95% CI: 1.06, 9.20) were statistically associated with risky sexual practice.ConclusionThe magnitude of risky sexual practice among big constriction daily laborers was high in Bahir Dar City likely to increase their vulnerability to HIV. The findings of this study show the need of targeted HIV prevention plan to give due attention for daily laborers who had a history of an STI, enjoy in the night clubs, peer pressure, substance users, educational status and living arrangement. The Amhara Education Bureau and the city education department have to design ways to deliver at least a high school education.
| S-EPMC7598462 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background The human papillomavirus vaccine is one of the main preventative measures for cervical cancer. However, global vaccine uptake is low; the problem is particularly acute in low and middle-income countries. The purpose of this study is to assess female preparatory school students’ knowledge, attitude, and uptake of the human papillomavirus vaccine and associated factors in Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia. Methods Institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 633 female preparatory school students in Bahir Dar city from March 1–30, 2021. Participants were selected using the multistage sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire and entered into Epi-data and exported to SPSS for analysis. Binary and multivariable logistic regression analyses were done using an odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval. Finally-value < 0.05 was considered significant in multivariable analysis. Result The proportion of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake, knowledge of the vaccine, and respondents’ attitudes toward the vaccine were 45.3% (95% CI = 41.6–49.4%), 58.1% (95% CI = 54.4–61.9%), and 16% (95% CI = 13.2–19.5%), respectively. Having a history of sexual contact AOR = 2.80 (95% CI = 1.64–4.76), hearing about HPV infection AOR = 1.59 (95% CI = 1.13–2.24), and having a positive attitude toward HPV vaccine AOR = 1.46 (95% CI = 1.03–2.08) were significantly associated with knowledge about the HPV vaccine. Discussion of reproductive health issues with family AOR = 2.558 (95%CI = 1.800–3.636), and having good knowledge about HPV vaccine AOR = 3.571(95%CI = 2.494–5.113) were associated with a positive attitude toward the HPV vaccine. Good knowledge AOR = 2.36(95%CI = 1.48–3.76) and a positive attitude toward HPV vaccine AOR = 2.87(95%CI = 1.70–4.85) were strongly associated with HPV vaccine utilization. Conclusion In this study, there was a very low uptake of HPV vaccination among female students, and only a small proportion of them had good knowledge of the HPV vaccine and a favorable attitude toward the HPV vaccine.
| S-EPMC9678319 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundIntestinal parasitic infections are still common in low-income countries including Ethiopia, particularly in children due to low-quality drinking water, poor personal and environmental sanitation. Disabled individuals are excluded from most academic, economic, social and cultural opportunities, they are among the poorest and most marginalized of the whole world's people. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and associated factors among mentally disabled and non-disabled students at primary schools in Bahir Dar city, Amhara regional state, Ethiopia, 2018.MethodsA school-based Comparative cross-sectional study design was conducted from November 1-30, 2018. A total of 418 study participants, 104 mentally disabled and 314 non-disabled students were recruited through a simple random sampling technique. The collected data were coded, entered and cleaned with EpiData version 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 23. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to identify factors associated with intestinal parasitic infections. The adjusted odds ratio with a 95% Confidence interval at a 5% level of significance was used to measure the strength of association.ResultsThe mean age of study participants was 14.05 ± 3.66 and 11.96 ± 2.94 for mentally disabled students and non-disabled students. Prevalence of parasitic infection was 56.70% (n = 59) for mentally disabled students whereas 41.10%(n = 129) for non-disabled students. Unclean fingernails [AOR = 2.42; 1.40,4.17], health checkups [AOR = 1.87;1.16,3.02], hand washing with water only [AOR = 2.48; 1.49,4.12], cooking and sanitation source of water [AOR = 4.40;2.32,8.36], Grade [ (1-4)] [AOR = 2.27;1.41,3.67], sex [AOR = 1.64;1.03,2.63] and Family size> = 7 [AOR = 2.74;1.25,5.99] were variables which showed statistically significant association with intestinal parasitic infections.ConclusionThe prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was higher among mentally disabled students than non-disabled students. Unclean fingernails, health checkups, hand washing habits, source of water, family size, sex and Grade of students have had a statistically significant association with intestinal parasitic infections. Periodic medicinal treatment was needed twice a year for mentally disabled and once a year for non-disabled students.
| S-EPMC6588938 | biostudies-literature
Project description:A diabetes foot ulcer is the commonest non-traumatic reason for the amputation of the lower extremities. All adults with diabetes should undergo comprehensive foot evaluation at least annually, but for high-risk individuals with diabetes more frequently by a health care provider and daily by the people themselves. Nurses' knowledge and attitude are fundamental to conduct a diabetes foot risk assessment and provide foot care for known diabetes person. Knowledge and attitude of nurses about the assessment and risk, identification of diabetes foot are not well studied in Ethiopia, especially in the study area. Therefore, this study aimed to assess nurses' knowledge and attitude towards diabetes foot ulcer in Bahir Dar, North West Ethiopia. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Bahir Dar city administration hospitals from January 1st to 5th, 2019. The study participants were selected using a simple random sampling technique. Nurses' level of knowledge and attitude towards diabetes foot ulcer assessment and management determined by using multiple-choice questions of nurse's knowledge and attitude questionnaires. The association between the independent and dependent variables was assessed. In this study, the overall proportions of nurses' knowledge and attitude towards diabetes foot assessment and management were 54.4% and 43.3% respectively. Age less than 30 years old (AOR = 2.15, 95%CI: 1.10, 4.19; P = 0.025), the nurse who graduates from a governmental institution (AOR = 3.05, 95% CI: 1.64, 5.69; P < 0.001) and use the internet as a source of knowledge (AOR = 0.55, 95%CI: 0.31, 0.96; P = 0.035) was significantly associated with nurses' knowledge towards diabetes foot care. Age less than 30 years old (AOR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.16, 3.35; P = 0.012)and the nurse level of qualification (AOR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.20, 0.78; P = 0.007)were significantly associated with nurses' level of attitude towards diabetes foot care. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the important gaps in nurses' knowledge and attitude towards diabetes foot care. Nurses' insufficient knowledge and non-favorable attitude towards diabetes foot care compromise health care standard diabetes care. Therefore, a comprehensive revision of nursing curricula across local tertiary learning institutes required qualified instructors and a strengthened regulatory body (especially private ones), and validated source of information for allowing nurses to update their knowledge is warranted.
| S-EPMC7695951 | biostudies-literature