Dataset Information

Neurosensory Rehabilitation and Olfactory Network Recovery in Covid-19-related Olfactory Dysfunction.

ABSTRACT: Non-conductive olfactory dysfunction (OD) is an important extra-pulmonary manifestation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Olfactory bulb (OB) volume loss and olfactory network functional connectivity (FC) defects were identified in two patients suffering from prolonged COVID-19-related OD. One patient received olfactory treatment (OT) by the combination of oral vitamin A and smell training via the novel electronic portable aromatic rehabilitation (EPAR) diffusers. After four-weeks of OT, clinical recuperation of smell was correlated with interval increase of bilateral OB volumes [right: 22.5 mm3 to 49.5 mm3 (120%), left: 37.5 mm3 to 42 mm3 (12%)] and improvement of mean olfactory FC [0.09 to 0.15 (66.6%)].

SUBMITTER: Chung TW

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8224593 | biostudies-literature | 2021 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Neurosensory Rehabilitation and Olfactory Network Recovery in Covid-19-related Olfactory Dysfunction.

Chung Tom Wai-Hin TW Zhang Hui H Wong Fergus Kai-Chuen FK Sridhar Siddharth S Chan Kwok-Hung KH Cheng Vincent Chi-Chung VC Yuen Kwok-Yung KY Hung Ivan Fan-Ngai IF Mak Henry Ka-Fung HK

Brain sciences 20210523 6

Non-conductive olfactory dysfunction (OD) is an important extra-pulmonary manifestation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Olfactory bulb (OB) volume loss and olfactory network functional connectivity (FC) defects were identified in two patients suffering from prolonged COVID-19-related OD. One patient received olfactory treatment (OT) by the combination of oral vitamin A and smell training via the novel electronic portable aromatic rehabilitation (EPAR) diffusers. After four-weeks of OT, c ...[more]

PMID: 34071007

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Project description:BackgroundOlfactory impairments and anosmia from COVID-19 infection typically resolve within 2-4 weeks, although in some cases, symptoms persist longer. COVID-19-related anosmia is associated with olfactory bulb atrophy, however, the impact on cortical structures is relatively unknown, particularly in those with long-term symptoms.MethodsIn this exploratory, observational study, we studied individuals who experienced COVID-19-related anosmia, with or without recovered sense of smell, and compared against individuals with no prior COVID-19 infection (confirmed by antibody testing, all vaccine naïve). MRI Imaging was carried out between the 15th July and 17th November 2020 at the Queen Square House Clinical Scanning Facility, UCL, United Kingdom. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and structural imaging, we assessed differences in functional connectivity (FC) between olfactory regions, whole brain grey matter (GM) cerebral blood flow (CBF) and GM density.FindingsIndividuals with anosmia showed increased FC between the left orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), visual association cortex and cerebellum and FC reductions between the right OFC and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex compared to those with no prior COVID-19 infection (p < 0.05, from whole brain statistical parametric map analysis). Individuals with anosmia also showed greater CBF in the left insula, hippocampus and ventral posterior cingulate when compared to those with resolved anosmia (p < 0.05, from whole brain statistical parametric map analysis).InterpretationThis work describes, for the first time to our knowledge, functional differences within olfactory areas and regions involved in sensory processing and cognitive functioning. This work identifies key areas for further research and potential target sites for therapeutic strategies.FundingThis study was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research and supported by the Queen Square Scanner business case.

Dataset Information

Neurosensory Rehabilitation and Olfactory Network Recovery in Covid-19-related Olfactory Dysfunction.

Publications

Neurosensory Rehabilitation and Olfactory Network Recovery in Covid-19-related Olfactory Dysfunction.

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