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Fermented Rice Bran Supplementation Prevents the Development of Intestinal Fibrosis Due to DSS-Induced Inflammation in Mice.

ABSTRACT: Fermented rice bran (FRB) is known to protect mice intestines against dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced inflammation; however, the restoration of post-colitis intestinal homeostasis using FRB supplementation is currently undocumented. In this study, we observed the effects of dietary FRB supplementation on intestinal restoration and the development of fibrosis after DSS-induced colitis. DSS (1.5%) was introduced in the drinking water of mice for 5 days. Eight mice were sacrificed immediately after the DSS treatment ended. The remaining mice were divided into three groups, comprising the following diets: control, 10% rice bran (RB), and 10% FRB-supplemented. Diet treatment was continued for 2 weeks, after which half the population of mice from each group was sacrificed. The experiment was continued for another 3 weeks before the remaining mice were sacrificed. FRB supplementation could reduce the general observation of colitis and production of intestinal pro-inflammatory cytokines. FRB also increased intestinal mRNA levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine, tight junction, and anti-microbial proteins. Furthermore, FRB supplementation suppressed markers of intestinal fibrosis. This effect might have been achieved via the canonical Smad2/3 activation and the non-canonical pathway of Tgf-β activity. These results suggest that FRB may be an alternative therapeutic agent against inflammation-induced intestinal fibrosis.

SUBMITTER: Agista AZ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8229226 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:This study investigates the effects of Laetiporus sulphureus-fermented wheat bran (LS) as a feed supplementation on the immunomodulative properties in broiler chickens. Crude phenolic compounds, crude polysaccharides, crude triterpenoids, and ergosterol were determined in LS water extracts. In animal experiments, 400 male broilers (Ross 308) were randomly assigned into 5 groups fed with a corn-soybean-based diet (control) and a control diet replaced with 5% wheat bran (WB), 10% WB, 5% LS, and 10% LS, respectively. Each group had 4 replicates and 20 birds per pen (total of 80 birds/treatment). The results showed that the 5% LS-supplemented group had significantly higher BW in the finisher phase (22-35 D). Better feed conversion ratio (P < 0.05) of LS-supplemented groups was observed in both the finisher phase and the overall experimental period. The LS-supplemented groups had significantly lower coliform counts in the ileum than the other treatment and control groups (P < 0.05). The results of serum immunoglobulin showed that LS supplementation significantly increased serum IgA concentration compared with the control and WB-supplemented groups (P < 0.05). Simultaneously, ileal IgA contents of the LS groups were significantly higher than in the WB and control groups (P < 0.05). Regarding proinflammatory cytokines, serum tumor necrosis factor alpha and IL-6 in the LS-supplemented groups were significantly lower than those in the 10% WB group (P < 0.05), whereas serum tumor necrosis factor alpha and IL-1β in the 5% LS group were significantly lower than in both the control and WB-supplemented groups (P < 0.05). An investigation on the effects of LS on immune-related genes in broiler showed that chickens supplemented with 5% LS had lower levels of liver and jejunum IL-1β and NF-κB mRNA compared with the control group and WB groups (P < 0.05). In conclusion, LS supplementation can potentially enhance growth performance of broilers by improving intestinal microflora and inflammation status.

Project description:Based on preparation of co-fermented defatted rice bran (DFRB) using Bacillus subtilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus plantarum and phytase, the present study aimed to evaluate the effects of co-fermented DFRB on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, gut microbiota and permeability in finishing pigs. Ninety finishing pigs (85.30 ± 0.97 kg) were randomly assigned to 3 treatments (3 replicates/treatment) with a basal diet (Ctrl), a basal diet supplemented with 10% unfermented DFRB (UFR), and a basal diet supplemented with 10% fermented DFRB (FR) for 30 d. Results revealed that the diet supplemented with FR notably (P < 0.05) improved the average daily gain (ADG), gain to feed ratio (G:F) and the digestibility of crude protein, amino acids and dietary fiber of finishing pigs compared with UFR. Additionally, FR supplementation significantly (P < 0.05) increased total antioxidant capacity, the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase, and decreased the content of malonaldehyde in serum. Furthermore, FR remarkably (P < 0.05) increased serum levels of IgG, anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-22 and IL-23) and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and INF-γ). The decrease of serum diamine oxidase activity and serum D-lactate content in the FR group (P < 0.05) suggested an improvement in intestinal permeability. Supplementation of FR also elevated the content of acetate and butyrate in feces (P < 0.05). Moreover, FR enhanced gut microbial richness and the abundance of fiber-degrading bacteria such as Clostridium butyricum and Lactobacillus amylovorus. Correlation analyses indicated dietary fiber in FR was associated with improvements in immune status, intestinal permeability and the level of butyrate-producing microbe C. butyricum, which was also verified by the in vitro fermentation analysis. These findings provided an experimental and theoretical basis for the application of fermented DFRB in finishing pigs.

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Fermented Rice Bran Supplementation Prevents the Development of Intestinal Fibrosis Due to DSS-Induced Inflammation in Mice.

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