Short Time-Series Expression Transcriptome Data Reveal the Gene Expression Patterns of Dairy Cow Mammary Gland as Milk Yield Decreased Process.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Fan Y
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8235497 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:The aim of this study was to examine the expression patterns of SREBP-1 gene in milk somatic cells and its association with milk fat yield during early lactation in Sarda breed sheep. A sample of 20 Sarda ewes, aged between 4 and 5 years, in their third to fourth lactation were chosen. From each ewe 28 days after lambing milk yield was measured, and a 160 ml milk sample for the RNA extraction and to test somatic cells count and lactose, fat and protein contents were collected. From the obtained RNA, total cDNA was synthesized and the quantitative PCR was performed. The fat, proteins and lactose content showed many differences among the animals, but these variations were no correlated with the milk yield. The SREBP-1 gene expression resulted higher in the high milk fat producing ewes. The correlation analysis showed that the SREBP-1 expression level is directly related to the amount of milk fat (g/die) (P < 0.001), while the total RNA obtained from each sample was found to be related to the somatic cells number (P < 0.001). Instead the expression of this gene showed no relations with the concentration of fat in milk. Our data highlight that in sheep SREBP-1 gene is expressed in the mammary gland during early lactation. Moreover, the positive relationship between SREBP-1 gene expression and the milk fat yield suggests that SREBP-1 gene is required for the lipid synthesis in the sheep mammary gland.
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Project description:Genome-wide gene expression profiling allows for identification of genes involved in the defense response of the host against pathogens. As presented here, transcriptomic analysis and bioinformatics tools were applied in order to identify genes expressed in the mammary gland parenchyma of cows naturally infected with coagulase-positive and coagulase-negative Staphylococci.In cows infected with coagulase-positive Staphylococci, being in 1st or 2nd lactation, 1700 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. However, examination of the 3rd or 4th lactations revealed 2200 DEGs. Gene ontology functional classification showed the molecular functions of the DEGs overrepresented the activity of cytokines, chemokines, and their receptors. In cows infected with coagulase-negative Staphylococci, in the 1st or 2nd lactations 418 DEGs, while in the 3rd or 4th lactations, 1200 DEGs were identified that involved in molecular functions such as protein, calcium ion and lipid binding, chemokine activity, and protein homodimerization. Gene network analysis showed DEGs associated with inflammation, cell migration, and immune response to infection, development of cells and tissues, and humoral responses to infections caused by both types of Staphylococci.A coagulase-positive Staphylococci infection caused a markedly stronger host response than that of coagulase-negative, resulting in vastly increased DEGs. A significant increase in the expression of the FOS, TNF, and genes encoding the major histocompatibility complex proteins (MHC) was observed. It suggests these genes play a key role in the synchronization of the immune response of the cow's parenchyma against mastitis-causing bacteria. Moreover, the following genes that belong to several physiological pathways (KEGG pathways) were selected for further studies as candidate genes of mammary gland immune response for use in Marker Assisted Selection (MAS): chemokine signaling pathway (CCL2, CXCL5, HCK, CCR1), cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) pathway (BOLA-DQA2, BOLA-DQA1, F11R, ITGAL, CD86), antigen processing and presentation pathway (CD8A, PDIA3, LGMN, IFI30, HSPA1A), and NOD-like receptor signaling pathway (TNF, IL8, IL18, NFKBIA).
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