Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

15 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Pneumococcal Disease Outbreak at a State Prison, Alabama, USA, September 1-October 10, 2018¹.

ABSTRACT: A pneumococcal disease outbreak caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 12F occurred in a state prison in Alabama, USA. Among 1,276 inmates, 40 cases were identified (3 confirmed, 2 probable, 35 suspected). Close living quarters, substance use, and underlying conditions likely contributed to disease risk. Prophylaxis for close contacts included azithromycin and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine.

SUBMITTER: Sanchez GV

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8237874 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Similar Datasets

Highlights from the Fourth Biennial Strategies for an HIV Cure Meeting, 10-12 October 2018, Bethesda, MD, USA.

Project description:The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) organised the Strategies for an HIV Cure 2018 meeting focused on research to develop innovative strategies for eradicating or achieving long-term remission of HIV infection. The purpose was to bring together researchers studying HIV persistence and cure strategies, including the six National Institutes of Health (NIH)-funded Martin Delaney Collaboratories for HIV Cure Research (MDCs), as well as industry and community partners, to share scientific results and stimulate active discussion among all stakeholders about the merits of various approaches under investigation. These discussions were intended to stimulate new collaborations and ideas for future research. The meeting covered a comprehensive range of topics spanning basic and translational research, drug discovery and development, and clinical research. Aside from the oral presentations described here, the meeting also included 130 poster presentations. Each of the three days of presentations is available for viewing via the NIH VideoCast website at: https://videocast.nih.gov/PastEvents.asp.

| S-EPMC6362907 | biostudies-literature

A large outbreak of COVID-19 in a UK prison, October 2020 to April 2021.

Project description:Prisons are susceptible to outbreaks. Control measures focusing on isolation and cohorting negatively affect wellbeing. We present an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a large male prison in Wales, UK, October 2020 to April 2021, and discuss control measures.We gathered case-information, including demographics, staff-residence postcode, resident cell number, work areas/dates, test results, staff interview dates/notes and resident prison-transfer dates. Epidemiological curves were mapped by prison location. Control measures included isolation (exclusion from work or cell-isolation), cohorting (new admissions and work-area groups), asymptomatic testing (case-finding), removal of communal dining and movement restrictions. Facemask use and enhanced hygiene were already in place. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and interviews determined the genetic relationship between cases plausibility of transmission.Of 453 cases, 53% (n = 242) were staff, most aged 25-34 years (11.5% females, 27.15% males) and symptomatic (64%). Crude attack-rate was higher in staff (29%, 95% CI 26-64%) than in residents (12%, 95% CI 9-15%).Whole-genome sequencing can help differentiate multiple introductions from person-to-person transmission in prisons. It should be introduced alongside asymptomatic testing as soon as possible to control prison outbreaks. Timely epidemiological investigation, including data visualisation, allowed dynamic risk assessment and proportionate control measures, minimising the reduction in resident welfare.

| S-EPMC9304949 | biostudies-literature

Large community mumps outbreak in Manitoba, Canada, September 2016-December 2018.

Project description:Background:After routine mumps immunization programs were implemented in Manitoba in the 1980s, incidence was low, with 0-9 cases of disease annually. In September 2016, a mumps outbreak began in fully vaccinated university students in Winnipeg, Manitoba. Objective:We describe the investigation of this province-wide mumps outbreak, which lasted between September 2016 and December 2018. We present the details of public health measures implemented and challenges encountered. Possible contributing factors to the sustained transmission are also provided. Methods:Probable and confirmed cases of mumps were investigated by public health departments using the investigation form developed for this outbreak. Confirmed mumps cases were linked to the provincial immunization registry. An outbreak response team planned and implemented control measures across the province. Results:The outbreak began in vaccinated university students in September 2016 and spread across the province. Activity was high and prolonged in the northern remote areas. By the end of 2018, 2,223 cases had been confirmed. All age groups were affected, and incidence was highest among people aged 18-29 years. Two-dose coverage of mumps-containing vaccine in confirmed cases was close to 70%. Conclusion:This prolonged outbreak revealed a large vulnerable population likely resulting from under-vaccination and waning vaccine-induced immunity in the absence of natural boosting from exposure to mumps virus. It is important to maintain high two-dose coverage with mumps-containing vaccines. A third dose of mumps-containing vaccine in future outbreaks may be considered.

| S-EPMC7145432 | biostudies-literature

Emergence of divergent enterovirus (EV) D68 sub-clade D1 strains, northern Italy, September to October 2018.

Project description:Between September and October 2018, an enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) outbreak occurred in patients hospitalised with severe acute respiratory infection in northern Italy; 21 laboratory-confirmed cases were reported. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 16/20 of the EV-D68 sequences belonged to a divergent group within the sub-clade D1. Since its upsurge, EV-D68 has undergone rapid evolution with the emergence of new viral variants, emphasising the need for molecular surveillance that include outpatients with respiratory illness.

| S-EPMC6381661 | biostudies-literature

Annual report October 2002 to September 2003

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC1746529 | biostudies-literature

Heartland Virus in Lone Star Ticks, Alabama, USA.

Project description:We detected Heartland virus (HRTV) in lone star nymphs collected in 2018 in northern Alabama, USA. Real-time reverse transcription PCR selective for the small segment of the HRTV genome and confirmatory sequencing of positive samples showed high identity with HRTV strains sequenced from Tennessee and Missouri.

| S-EPMC7392462 | biostudies-literature

HIV Glasgow 2018, 28-31 October 2018, Glasgow, UK.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC6202722 | biostudies-literature

Spatiotemporal distribution and determinants of measles incidence during a large outbreak, Italy, September 2016 to July 2018.

Project description:BackgroundMeasles is still endemic in Italy and outbreaks are frequent. From 2016 to 2018, more than 7,000 measles cases were reported to the national integrated measles and rubella surveillance system, the largest outbreak since implementation of this system.AimWe aimed to describe the characteristics and spatiotemporal distribution of measles cases in Italy and explore determinants of incidence at municipality level.MethodsWe performed a retrospective observational study, mapping by municipalityall measles cases reported to the national surveillance system with symptom onset between 1 September 2016 and 31 July 2018. We also analysed measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination coverage (VC) data (2000-2017) for the first and second dose, collected from the Ministry of Health. We used regression analysis to explore factors associated with measles incidence at municipality level.ResultsWe analysed 7,854 cases, 3,927 (50%) female. Median age was 26 years; 475 cases (6%) were?younger than 1?year. The outbreak occurred in two epidemic waves. The first started in central/northern regions (end of 2016), the second (mostly within 2018) was concentrated in southern regions. In 2016 and 2017, national VC was below 95% for both MMR doses. In 2017, only one region reported VC above 95% for the first dose. At municipality level, incidence was associated with higher urbanisation, less deprivation and fewer adults.ConclusionThe spread of measles between September 2016 and July 2018 in Italy indicates the need to improve VC and to explore further how societal and other parameters might be linked to incidence.

| S-EPMC6628759 | biostudies-literature

Hepatitis A outbreak linked to imported frozen strawberries by sequencing, Sweden and Austria, June to September 2018.

Project description:Between June-September 2018, 20 hepatitis A cases were notified in six counties in Sweden. Combined epidemiological and microbiological investigations identified imported frozen strawberries produced in Poland as the source of the outbreak. Sequence analysis confirmed the outbreak strain IB in the strawberries with 100 % identity and the respective batch was withdrawn. Sharing the sequence information internationally led to the identification of 14 additional cases in Austria, linked to strawberries from the same producer.

| S-EPMC6194910 | biostudies-literature

Linking Epidemiology and Whole-Genome Sequencing to Investigate Salmonella Outbreak, Massachusetts, USA, 2018.

Project description:Cross-discipline collaboration among state and local health departments improved foodborne illness surveillance for a 2018 Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis outbreak in Massachusetts, USA. Prompt linking of epidemiologic and laboratory data and implementation of in-state whole-genome sequencing and analysis improved public health surveillance capacity for outbreak detection and control.

| S-EPMC7323519 | biostudies-literature