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In vivo characterization of carbon dots-bone interactions: toward the development of bone-specific nanocarriers for drug delivery.

ABSTRACT: Current treatments for osteoporosis and other bone degenerative diseases predominately rely on preventing further bone erosion rather than restoring bone mass, as the latter treatments can unintentionally trigger cancer development by undiscriminatingly promoting cell proliferation. One approach to circumvent this problem is through the development of novel chemical carriers to deliver drug agents specifically to bones. We have recently shown that carbon nanodots (C-dots) synthesized from carbon nanopowder can bind with high affinity and specificity to developing bones in the larval zebrafish. Larval bones, however, are physiologically different from adult bones in their growth, repair, and regeneration properties. Here we report that C-dots can bind to adult zebrafish bones and that this binding is highly specific to areas of appositional growth. C-dots deposition occurred within 30 minutes after delivery and was highly selective, with bones undergoing regeneration and repair showing higher levels of C-dots deposition than bones undergoing normal homeostatic turnover. Importantly, C-dots deposition did not interfere with bone regeneration or the animal's health. Together, our results establish C-dots as a potential novel vehicle for the targeted delivery of drugs to treat adult bone disease.

SUBMITTER: DuMez R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8238062 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Carbon dots: promising biomaterials for bone-specific imaging and drug delivery.

Project description:Bone-related diseases and dysfunctions are heavy burdens on our increasingly aged society. One important strategy to relieve this problem is through early detection and treatment of bone-related diseases. Towards this goal, there has been constant interest in developing novel bone-specific materials for imaging and drug delivery. Currently, however, materials that have high affinity and specificity towards bone are very limited. Carbon dots (C-dots) synthesized from carbon nanopowder bind to calcified bones in vivo with high affinity and specificity. In this study we show that bone binding is highly unique to a specific type of C-dot, and that this binding is non-toxic. Significantly, C-dots derived from other raw materials did not show any bone binding properties. These differences are attributed to the differences in surface chemistry of C-dot preparations, highlighting the heterogeneous nature of C-dots. Importantly, bone-binding by carbon nanopowder derived C-dots is not significantly altered by chemical functionalization of their surface. These unique properties indicate the potential applications of carbon nanopowder-derived C-dots as highly bone-specific bioimaging agents and drug carriers.

| S-EPMC5691292 | biostudies-literature

Carbon Dots-Biomembrane Interactions and Their Implications for Cellular Drug Delivery.

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| S-EPMC10305404 | biostudies-literature

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A Novel Carbon Dots/Thermo-Sensitive In Situ Gel for a Composite Ocular Drug Delivery System: Characterization, Ex-Vivo Imaging, and In Vivo Evaluation.

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| S-EPMC8464813 | biostudies-literature

Carbon dots labeled Lactiplantibacillus plantarum: a fluorescent multifunctional biocarrier for anticancer drug delivery

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| S-EPMC10248154 | biostudies-literature

Triple conjugated carbon dots as a nano-drug delivery model for glioblastoma brain tumors.

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| S-EPMC6459689 | biostudies-literature

pH and redox dual-sensitive drug delivery system constructed based on fluorescent carbon dots.

Project description:Herein, a pH and redox dual-responsive drug delivery system (CDs-Pt(iv)-PEG) was developed based on fluorescence carbon dots (CDs). In this system, cisplatin(iv) prodrug (Pt(iv)) was selected as a model drug to reduce toxic side effects. The aldehyde-functionalized monomethoxy polyethylene glycol (mPEG-CHO) was conjugated to CDs-Pt(iv) to form pH sensitive benzoic imine bond. Owing to the slightly acidic tumor extracellular microenvironment (pH 6.8), the benzoic imine bond was then hydrolyzed, leading to charge reversal and decrease in the hydration radius of the drug-carrying, which facilitated in vivo circulation and tumor targeting. Notably, the cytotoxicity of the drug delivery system on cancer cells was comparable to that of cisplatin, while the side effects on normal cells were significantly reduced. In addition, the system realized recognition of cancer cells by the high-contrast fluorescent imaging. In conclusion, the CDs-Pt(iv)-PEG system provided a promising potential for effective delivery of anticancer drugs and cancer cells screening.

| S-EPMC8693813 | biostudies-literature

Doxorubicin conjugated carbon dots as a drug delivery system for human breast cancer therapy.

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| S-EPMC6528846 | biostudies-literature

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| S-EPMC2562710 | biostudies-literature

Using exosomes, naturally-equipped nanocarriers, for drug delivery.

Project description:Exosomes offer distinct advantages that uniquely position them as highly effective drug carriers. Comprised of cellular membranes with multiple adhesive proteins on their surface, exosomes are known to specialize in cell-cell communications and provide an exclusive approach for the delivery of various therapeutic agents to target cells. In addition, exosomes can be amended through their parental cells to express a targeting moiety on their surface, or supplemented with desired biological activity. Development and validation of exosome-based drug delivery systems are the focus of this review. Different techniques of exosome isolation, characterization, drug loading, and applications in experimental disease models and clinic are discussed. Exosome-based drug formulations may be applied to a wide variety of disorders such as cancer, various infectious, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative disorders. Overall, exosomes combine benefits of both synthetic nanocarriers and cell-mediated drug delivery systems while avoiding their limitations.

| S-EPMC4656109 | biostudies-literature

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