Dataset Information

Seroprevalence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Among Skilled Nursing Facility Residents and Staff Members-Los Angeles County, August-September 2020.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The prevalence of current or past coronavirus disease 2019 in skilled nursing facility (SNF) residents is unknown because of asymptomatic infection and constrained testing capacity early in the pandemic. We conducted a seroprevalence survey to determine a more comprehensive prevalence of past coronavirus disease 2019 in Los Angeles County SNF residents and staff members.

Methods

We recruited participants from 24 facilities; participants were requested to submit a nasopharyngeal swab sample for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing and a serum sample for detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. All participants were cross-referenced with our surveillance database to identify persons with prior positive SARS-CoV-2 results.

Results

From 18 August to 24 September 2020, we enrolled 3305 participants (1340 residents and 1965 staff members). Among 856 residents providing serum samples, 362 (42%) had current or past SARS-CoV-2 infection. Of the 346 serology-positive residents, 199 (58%) did not have a documented prior positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR result. Among 1806 staff members providing serum, 454 (25%) had current or past SARS-CoV-2 infection. Of the 447 serology-positive staff members, 353 (79%) did not have a documented prior positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR result.

Conclusions

Past testing practices and policies missed a substantial number of SARS-CoV-2 infections in SNF residents and staff members.

SUBMITTER: Malenfant JH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8243593 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Seroprevalence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Among Skilled Nursing Facility Residents and Staff Members-Los Angeles County, August-September 2020.

Malenfant Jason H JH Eslami Michelle M Dao Bonnie L BL Moore Leo L Green Nicole N Silver David D OYong Kelsey K Ruparelia Ashutosh A Fisher Rebecca R Wood Julia S JS Faisal Mohammad M Washburn Faith F Shvartsblat Steve S Jewell Mirna P MP Romo Tiffany T Foo Chelsea C Salazar Angela A Aguirre Suzette S Balter Sharon S Bhaurla Sandeep S Buenrrostro Sandra S Bui Kim K Cho Karen Young KY Chun Katie K Civen Rachel R Clarke Anthony A Danza Phoebe P Fernandes Priyanka P Fountas Nicole N Gambon Marie M Gragnani Candace M CM Griffin Amber A Guerra Lidia L Guerrero Annette A Hooshmand Kay K Claire Jarashow M M Knight Wendy W Kuo Alice A AA Ngo Thoa T Nunez Denise M DM Obara Aya A Rawson Katherine K Terashita Dawn D Rajagopalan Shobita S Rubin Zachary A ZA Gounder Prabhu P

The Journal of infectious diseases 20220201 3

<h4>Background</h4>The prevalence of current or past coronavirus disease 2019 in skilled nursing facility (SNF) residents is unknown because of asymptomatic infection and constrained testing capacity early in the pandemic. We conducted a seroprevalence survey to determine a more comprehensive prevalence of past coronavirus disease 2019 in Los Angeles County SNF residents and staff members.<h4>Methods</h4>We recruited participants from 24 facilities; participants were requested to submit a nasoph ...[more]

PMID: 34031692

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Project description:BackgroundChildren residing in communities near metalworking industries are vulnerable to multiple toxic metal exposures. Understanding biomarkers of exposure to multiple toxic metals is important to characterize cumulative burden and to distinguish potential exposure sources in such environmental justice neighborhoods impacted by industrial operations. Exposure to metal mixtures has not been well-characterized among children residing in the United States, and is understudied in communities of color.MethodsIn this study we used toenail clippings, a noninvasive biomarker, to assess exposure to arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), manganese (Mn), lead (Pb), antimony (Sb), selenium (Se), and vanadium (V). We used nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) to identify "source" signatures and patterns of exposure among predominantly working class Latinx children residing near an industrial corridor in Southeast Los Angeles County. Additionally, we investigated the association between participant demographic, spatial, and dietary characteristics with identified metal signatures.ResultsThrough NMF, we identified three groupings (source factors) for the metal concentrations in children's toenails. A grouping composed of Sb, Pb, As, and Cd, was identified as a potential industrial source factor, reflective of known airborne elemental emissions in the industrial corridor. We further identified a manganese source factor primarily composed of Mn, and a potential dietary source factor driven by Se and Hg. We observed differences in the industrial source factor by age of participants, while the dietary source factor varied by neighborhood.ConclusionUtilizing an unsupervised dimension reduction technique (NMF), we identified a "source signature" of contamination in toenail samples from children living near metalworking industry. Investigating patterns and sources of exposures in cumulatively burdened communities is necessary to identify appropriate public health interventions.

Dataset Information

Seroprevalence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Among Skilled Nursing Facility Residents and Staff Members-Los Angeles County, August-September 2020.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Seroprevalence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Among Skilled Nursing Facility Residents and Staff Members-Los Angeles County, August-September 2020.

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