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Toward Smart Diagnostics in a Pandemic Scenario: COVID-19.

ABSTRACT: The incredible spread rate of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has shocked the world. More than ever before, this dramatic scenario proved the significance of diagnostics as a cornerstone to make life-saving decisions. In this context, novel diagnostics that generates smart data leading to superior strategies for treatment, control, surveillance, prediction, prevention, and management of pandemic diseases is vital. Herein, we discuss the characteristics that should be met by COVID-19 diagnostics to become smart diagnostics enabled by industry 4.0 especially Internet of Things (IoT). The challenges ahead and our recommendations for moving faster from pure diagnostics toward smart diagnostics of COVID-19 and other possible epidemic/pandemic diseases are also outlined. An IoT-Fog-Cloud model based on smartphones as IoT gateways for smart diagnostics with unified strategies for data collection/transmission/interpretation is also proposed to integrate new digital technologies into a single platform for smarter decisions. Last but not least, we believe that "smart diagnostics" is a perspective that should be realized sooner before we encounter a pandemic far worse than the present one.

SUBMITTER: Hosseinifard M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8247766 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Toward Smart Diagnostics in a Pandemic Scenario: COVID-19.

Hosseinifard Mohammad M Naghdi Tina T Morales-Narváez Eden E Golmohammadi Hamed H

Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology 20210617

The incredible spread rate of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has shocked the world. More than ever before, this dramatic scenario proved the significance of diagnostics as a cornerstone to make life-saving decisions. In this context, novel diagnostics that generates smart data leading to superior strategies for treatment, control, surveillance, prediction, prevention, and management of pandemic diseases is vital. Herein, we discuss the characteristics that should be met by COVID-19 ...[more]

PMID: 34222208

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Project description:The COVID-19 outbreak has fueled a global demand for effective diagnosis and treatment as well as mitigation of the spread of infection, all through large-scale approaches such as specific alternative antiviral methods and classical disinfection protocols. Based on an abundance of engineered materials identifiable by their useful physicochemical properties through versatile chemical functionalization, nanotechnology offers a number of approaches to cope with this emergency. Here, through a multidisciplinary Perspective encompassing diverse fields such as virology, biology, medicine, engineering, chemistry, materials science, and computational science, we outline how nanotechnology-based strategies can support the fight against COVID-19, as well as infectious diseases in general, including future pandemics. Considering what we know so far about the life cycle of the virus, we envision key steps where nanotechnology could counter the disease. First, nanoparticles (NPs) can offer alternative methods to classical disinfection protocols used in healthcare settings, thanks to their intrinsic antipathogenic properties and/or their ability to inactivate viruses, bacteria, fungi, or yeasts either photothermally or via photocatalysis-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Nanotechnology tools to inactivate SARS-CoV-2 in patients could also be explored. In this case, nanomaterials could be used to deliver drugs to the pulmonary system to inhibit interaction between angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors and viral S protein. Moreover, the concept of "nanoimmunity by design" can help us to design materials for immune modulation, either stimulating or suppressing the immune response, which would find applications in the context of vaccine development for SARS-CoV-2 or in counteracting the cytokine storm, respectively. In addition to disease prevention and therapeutic potential, nanotechnology has important roles in diagnostics, with potential to support the development of simple, fast, and cost-effective nanotechnology-based assays to monitor the presence of SARS-CoV-2 and related biomarkers. In summary, nanotechnology is critical in counteracting COVID-19 and will be vital when preparing for future pandemics.

Dataset Information

Toward Smart Diagnostics in a Pandemic Scenario: COVID-19.

Publications

Toward Smart Diagnostics in a Pandemic Scenario: COVID-19.

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