Dataset Information

Association between the serum insulin-like growth factor-1 concentration in the first trimester of pregnancy and postpartum depression.

ABSTRACT:

Aim

Patients with major depression present with an increased serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentration. However, the longitudinal relationship between serum IGF-1 levels and depression development remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the longitudinal association between the serum IGF-1 concentration in the first trimester of pregnancy and postpartum depression development using data obtained from the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS).

Methods

The JECS included 97 415 pregnant women; among them, 8791 were enrolled in this study. Data regarding depression in the first trimester, postpartum depression development at 1 month after childbirth, and other covariates were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Serum IGF-1 levels were measured in the first trimester of pregnancy. The participants were divided into four groups according to the serum IGF-1 level.

Results

In the first trimester, serum IGF-1 levels were not significantly associated with psychological distress in pregnant women. In the longitudinal analyses, however, postpartum depression development in mothers within the highest quartile for serum IGF-1 concentration in the first trimester was significantly less common than in those within the lowest quartile (odds ratio 0.48, 95% confidence interval 0.30-0.79).

Conclusion

Pregnant women with a high serum IGF-1 concentration in the first trimester were less likely to develop postpartum depression than those with a low concentration. A high serum IGF-1 concentration during pregnancy may help to protect against postpartum depression development.

SUBMITTER: Adachi S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8248044 | biostudies-literature | 2021 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Association between the serum insulin-like growth factor-1 concentration in the first trimester of pregnancy and postpartum depression.

Adachi Sho S Tokuda Narumi N Kobayashi Yoshiko Y Tanaka Hiroyuki H Sawai Hideaki H Shibahara Hiroaki H Takeshima Yasuhiro Y Shima Masayuki M

Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences 20210211 5

<h4>Aim</h4>Patients with major depression present with an increased serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentration. However, the longitudinal relationship between serum IGF-1 levels and depression development remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the longitudinal association between the serum IGF-1 concentration in the first trimester of pregnancy and postpartum depression development using data obtained from the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS).<h4>Methods</h4 ...[more]

PMID: 33459438

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Project description:Background and objective: The maternal glucose-insulin axis is central for metabolic adaptations required for a healthy pregnancy. Metabolic changes in obese mothers in early pregnancy have been scantly described. Here we characterized the glucose-insulin axis in the first trimester of human pregnancy and assessed the effect of maternal obesity and fat mass. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, maternal blood samples (N = 323) were collected during voluntary pregnancy termination (gestational age 4+0-11+6 weeks) after overnight fasting. Smokers (N = 198) were identified by self-report and serum cotinine levels (ELISA). Maternal BMI (kg/m2) and serum leptin (ELISA) were used as proxy measures of obesity and maternal fat mass, respectively. BMI was categorized into under-/normal weight (BMI < 25.0 kg/m2), overweight (BMI 25.0-29.9 kg/m2) and obese (BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m2), and leptin in tertiles (1st tertile: leptin < 6.80 ng/ml, 2nd tertile: leptin 6.80-12.89 ng/ml, 3rd tertile: leptin > 12.89 ng/ml). ISHOMA insulin sensitivity index was calculated from glucose and C-peptide (ELISA) serum concentrations. Analyses of covariance including multiple confounders were performed to test for differences in glucose, C-peptide and ISHOMA between gestational age periods, BMI and leptin groups. C-peptide and ISHOMA were log-transformed before analyses. Results: At weeks 7-9, fasting glucose and C-peptide levels were lower (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively) and insulin sensitivity higher (P < 0.001) than at weeks 4-6. Glucose levels were not significantly different between BMI or leptin categories. In contrast, C-peptide increased by 19% (P < 0.01) between the normal weight and the overweight group and by 39% (P < 0.001) between the overweight and obese group. In the leptin groups, C-peptide increased by 25% (P < 0.001) between the 1st and 2nd leptin tertile and by 15% (P < 0.05) between the 2nd and 3rd leptin tertile. ISHOMA decreased with higher BMI and fat mass. ISHOMA decreased by 18% (P < 0.01) between the normal weight and the overweight group and by 30% (P < 0.01) between the overweight and the obese group. In the leptin groups, ISHOMA decreased by 22% (P < 0.001) between the 1st and 2nd leptin tertile and by 14% (P < 0.05) between the 2nd and 3rd leptin tertile. Conclusions: At the group level, fasting glucose, C-peptide and insulin sensitivity dynamically change in the first trimester of human pregnancy. Maternal obesity is associated with higher C-peptide and lower insulin sensitivity at all periods in the first trimester of human pregnancy, while glucose is unaltered. These findings have implications for the timing of early gestational diabetes mellitus risk screening.

Project description:The postpartum phase following gestational diabetes (GDM) is characterised by subtle metabolic defects, including the beta cell dysfunction that is believed to mediate the increased future risk of type 2 diabetes in this patient population. Low circulating levels of adiponectin and increased leptin and C-reactive protein (CRP) have recently emerged as novel diabetic risk factors, although their relevance to GDM and subsequent diabetes has not been characterised. Thus, we sought to determine whether adiponectin, leptin and CRP levels during pregnancy relate to the postpartum metabolic defects linking GDM with type 2 diabetes.Metabolic characterisation, including oral glucose tolerance testing, was undertaken in 487 women during pregnancy and at 3 months postpartum. Based on the antepartum OGTT, there were 137 women with GDM, 91 with gestational impaired glucose tolerance and 259 with normal glucose tolerance.Adiponectin levels were lowest (p < 0.0001) and CRP levels highest (p = 0.0008) in women with GDM. Leptin did not differ between the glucose tolerance groups (p = 0.4483). Adiponectin (r = 0.41, p < 0.0001), leptin (r = -0.36, p < 0.0001) and CRP (r = -0.30, p < 0.0001) during pregnancy were all associated with postpartum insulin sensitivity (determined using the insulin sensitivity index of Matsuda and DeFronzo [IS(OGTT)]). Intriguingly, adiponectin levels were also related to postpartum beta cell function (insulinogenic index/HOMA of insulin resistance; r = 0.16, p = 0.0009). Indeed, on multiple linear regression analyses, adiponectin levels during pregnancy independently predicted both postpartum insulin sensitivity (t = 3.97, p < 0.0001) and beta cell function (t = 2.37, p = 0.0181), even after adjustment for GDM. Furthermore, adiponectin emerged as a significant negative independent determinant of postpartum fasting glucose (t = -3.01, p = 0.0027).Hypoadiponectinaemia during pregnancy predicts postpartum insulin resistance, beta cell dysfunction and fasting glycaemia, and hence may be relevant to the pathophysiology relating GDM with type 2 diabetes.

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Dataset Information

Association between the serum insulin-like growth factor-1 concentration in the first trimester of pregnancy and postpartum depression.

Aim

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Association between the serum insulin-like growth factor-1 concentration in the first trimester of pregnancy and postpartum depression.

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