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Complement cascade in severe forms of COVID-19: Recent advances in therapy.

ABSTRACT: The complement system is an essential component of the innate immune system. The three complement pathways (classical, lectin, alternative) are directly or indirectly activated by the SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). In the most severe forms of COVID-19, overactivation of the complement system may contribute to the cytokine storm, endothelial inflammation (endotheliitis) and thrombosis. No antiviral drug has yet been shown to be effective in COVID-19. Therefore, immunotherapies represent a promising therapeutic in the immunopathological phase (following the viral phase) of the disease. Complement blockade, mostly C5a-C5aR axis blockade, may prevent acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) from worsening or progression to death. Clinical trials are underway.

SUBMITTER: Chouaki Benmansour N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8250085 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Complement cascade in severe forms of COVID-19: Recent advances in therapy.

Chouaki Benmansour Nassima N Carvelli Julien J Vivier Eric E

European journal of immunology 20210410 7

The complement system is an essential component of the innate immune system. The three complement pathways (classical, lectin, alternative) are directly or indirectly activated by the SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). In the most severe forms of COVID-19, overactivation of the complement system may contribute to the cytokine storm, endothelial inflammation (endotheliitis) and thrombosis. No antiviral drug has yet been shown to be effective in COVID-19. Therefore, immu ...[more]

PMID: 33738806

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