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Differentiation of COVID-19 signs and symptoms from allergic rhinitis and common cold: An ARIA-EAACI-GA2 LEN consensus.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Although there are many asymptomatic patients, one of the problems of COVID-19 is early recognition of the disease. COVID-19 symptoms are polymorphic and may include upper respiratory symptoms. However, COVID-19 symptoms may be mistaken with the common cold or allergic rhinitis. An ARIA-EAACI study group attempted to differentiate upper respiratory symptoms between the three diseases.

Methods

A modified Delphi process was used. The ARIA members who were seeing COVID-19 patients were asked to fill in a questionnaire on the upper airway symptoms of COVID-19, common cold and allergic rhinitis.

Results

Among the 192 ARIA members who were invited to respond to the questionnaire, 89 responded and 87 questionnaires were analysed. The consensus was then reported. A two-way ANOVA revealed significant differences in the symptom intensity between the three diseases (p < .001).

Conclusions

This modified Delphi approach enabled the differentiation of upper respiratory symptoms between COVID-19, the common cold and allergic rhinitis. An electronic algorithm will be devised using the questionnaire.

SUBMITTER: Hagemann J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8250633 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Differentiation of COVID-19 signs and symptoms from allergic rhinitis and common cold: An ARIA-EAACI-GA<sup>2</sup> LEN consensus.

Hagemann Jan J   Onorato Gabrielle L GL   Jutel Marek M   Akdis Cezmi A CA   Agache Ioana I   Zuberbier Torsten T   Czarlewski Wienczyslawa W   Mullol Joaquim J   Bedbrook Anna A   Bachert Claus C   Bennoor Kazi S KS   Bergmann Karl-Christian KC   Braido Fulvio F   Camargos Paulo P   Caraballo Luis L   Cardona Victoria V   Casale Thomas T   Cecchi Lorenzo L   Chivato Tomas T   Chu Derek K DK   Cingi Cemal C   Correia-de-Sousa Jaime J   Del Giacco Stefano S   Dokic Dejan D   Dykewicz Mark M   Ebisawa Motohiro M   El-Gamal Yehia Y   Emuzyte Regina R   Fauquert Jean-Luc JL   Fiocchi Alessandro A   Fokkens Wytske J WJ   Fonseca Joao A JA   Gemicioglu Bilun B   Gomez René-Maximiliano RM   Gotua Maia M   Haahtela Tari T   Hamelmann Eckard E   Iinuma Tomohisa T   Ivancevich Juan Carlos JC   Jassem Ewa E   Kalayci Omer O   Kardas Przemyslaw P   Khaitov Musa M   Kuna Piotr P   Kvedariene Violeta V   Larenas-Linnemann Desiree E DE   Lipworth Brian B   Makris Michael M   Maspero Jorge F JF   Miculinic Neven N   Mihaltan Florin F   Mohammad Yousser Y   Montefort Stephen S   Morais-Almeida Mario M   Mösges Ralph R   Naclerio Robert R   Neffen Hugo H   Niedoszytko Marek M   O'Hehir Robyn E RE   Ohta Ken K   Okamoto Yoshitaka Y   Okubo Kimi K   Panzner Petr P   Papadopoulos Nikolaos G NG   Passalacqua Giovanni G   Patella Vincenzo V   Pereira Ana A   Pfaar Oliver O   Plavec Davor D   Popov Todor A TA   Prokopakis Emmanuel P EP   Puggioni Francesca F   Raciborski Filip F   Reijula Jere J   Regateiro Frederico S FS   Reitsma Sietze S   Romano Antonino A   Rosario Nelson N   Rottem Menachem M   Ryan Dermot D   Samolinski Boleslaw B   Sastre Joaquin J   Solé Dirceu D   Sova Milan M   Stellato Cristiana C   Suppli-Ulrik Charlotte C   Tsiligianni Ioanna I   Valero Antonio A   Valiulis Arunas A   Valovirta Erkka E   Vasankari Tuula T   Ventura Maria Teresa MT   Wallace Dana D   Wang De Yun Y   Williams Siân S   Yorgancioglu Arzu A   Yusuf Osman M OM   Zernotti Mario M   Bousquet Jean J   Klimek Ludger L  

Allergy 20210514 8

<h4>Background</h4>Although there are many asymptomatic patients, one of the problems of COVID-19 is early recognition of the disease. COVID-19 symptoms are polymorphic and may include upper respiratory symptoms. However, COVID-19 symptoms may be mistaken with the common cold or allergic rhinitis. An ARIA-EAACI study group attempted to differentiate upper respiratory symptoms between the three diseases.<h4>Methods</h4>A modified Delphi process was used. The ARIA members who were seeing COVID-19  ...[more]

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