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A BLUS1 kinase signal and a decrease in intercellular CO2 concentration are necessary for stomatal opening in response to blue light.

ABSTRACT: Light-induced stomatal opening stimulates CO2 uptake and transpiration in plants. Weak blue light under strong red light effectively induces stomatal opening. Blue light-dependent stomatal opening initiates light perception by phototropins, and the signal is transmitted to a plasma membrane H+-ATPase in guard cells via BLUE LIGHT SIGNALING 1 (BLUS1) kinase. However, it is unclear how BLUS1 transmits the signal to H+-ATPase. Here, we characterized BLUS1 signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana, and showed that the BLUS1 C-terminus acts as an auto-inhibitory domain and that phototropin-mediated Ser-348 phosphorylation within the domain removes auto-inhibition. C-Terminal truncation and phospho-mimic Ser-348 mutation caused H+-ATPase activation in the dark, but did not elicit stomatal opening. Unexpectedly, the plants exhibited stomatal opening under strong red light and stomatal closure under weak blue light. A decrease in intercellular CO2 concentration via red light-driven photosynthesis together with H+-ATPase activation caused stomatal opening. Furthermore, phototropins caused H+-ATPase dephosphorylation in guard cells expressing constitutive signaling variants of BLUS1 in response to blue light, possibly for fine-tuning stomatal opening. Overall, our findings provide mechanistic insights into the blue light regulation of stomatal opening.

SUBMITTER: Hosotani S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8254492 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Blue light and CO2 signals converge to regulate light-induced stomatal opening.

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Blue light and CO2 signals converge to regulate light-induced stomatal opening

Project description:Stomata regulate gas exchange between plants and the atmosphere by integrating opening and closing signals. Stomata open in response to low CO2 concentrations to maximize photosynthesis in the light; however, the mechanisms that coordinate photosynthesis and stomatal conductance have yet to be identified. Here, we characterize CBC1/2 [CONVERGENCE of BLUE LIGHT (BL) and CO2 1/2], two kinases that link BL, a major component of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), and the signals from low concentrations of CO2 in guard cells. CBC1/CBC2 redundantly stimulate stomatal opening by negatively regulating S-type anion channels in response to both BL and low concentrations of CO2. CBC1/CBC2 function in the signaling pathways of phototropins and HT1 (HIGH LEAF TEMPERATURE 1). CBC1/CBC2 interacted with and were phosphorylated by HT1. We propose that CBCs regulate stomatal aperture by integrating signals from BL and CO2 and act as the convergence site for signals from PAR and low CO2.

2017-05-24 | MSV000081109 | MassIVE

CIPK23 regulates blue light-dependent stomatal opening in Arabidopsis thaliana.

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The BIG protein distinguishes the process of CO2 -induced stomatal closure from the inhibition of stomatal opening by CO2.

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| S-EPMC8625854 | biostudies-literature

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