Associations of Serum Magnesium With Insulin Resistance and Testosterone in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.
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ABSTRACT: Objective
This article aimed to investigate whether serum magnesium is associated with insulin resistance index and testosterone level in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Materials and methods
Overall 1000 women with PCOS were enrolled in a randomized controlled trial and a cross-sectional analysis of the association of serum magnesium with glucose metabolism markers and testosterone was performed. Serum magnesium, glucose metabolism markers and testosterone were measured. Insulin resistance was evaluated by homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI). Multivariable linear regression and logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between serum magnesium, insulin resistance and testosterone.Results
In comparative analyses, women with higher quartile of serum magnesium had significantly lower fasting glucose, HOMA-IR and testosterone. Multiple linear regression showed serum magnesium was independently negatively associated with insulin, glucose, HOMA-IR, testosterone and positively associated with QUICKI (P for trend <0.05) after adjusting confounding covariates. Logistic regression showed serum magnesium in quartile 1 and 2 were independently associated with insulin resistance status (Quartile 1: OR: 2.15, 95%CI: 1.35-3.40, P = 0.001; Quartile 2: OR: 1.90, 95%CI: 1.20-3.02, P = 0.006), while quartile 1 was marginally associated with hyperandrogenemia status (Quartile 1: OR: 1.45, 95%CI: 0.99-2.11, P = 0.055) after adjusting confounding covariates.Conclusion
The current findings suggest that lower serum magnesium was associated with aggravated insulin resistance and higher testosterone levels among women with PCOS.
SUBMITTER: Luo X
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8261149 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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| S-EPMC8513761 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is strongly associated with abdominal obesity and insulin resistance and effective approaches to nutrition (e.g., omega-3 fatty acids intake) might improve the cardiometabolic risk profile. This study aimed to examine the associations of dietary and serum omega-3 fatty acids with insulin resistance (IR) and body composition among PCOS patients.MethodsA total of 185 patients with PCOS were included in our analysis. Dietary information was collected through face-to-face interviews using a 102-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Serum omega-3 fatty acid levels were measured with the gas chromatography method. Body composition was measured by both dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and bioelectrical impedance (BIA) methods. The multivariable linear regression model was applied to analyze the associations of dietary and serum omega-3 fatty acids with the levels of Homeostasis Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and body composition parameters among PCOS patients.ResultsOur results indicated that the dietary long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) intakes were negatively associated with HOMA-IR (β = -0.089, P = 0.040), fat mass (β = -0.022, P = 0.047), and body fat percentage (β = -0.026, P = 0.032). For serum biomarkers, higher total omega-3 PUFAs levels (β = -0.158, P = 0.021) and long-chain omega-3 PUFAs levels (β = -0.187, P < 0.001), particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (β = -164, P = 0.011) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (β = -0.158, P = 0.001) were also associated with decreased HOMA-IR. In addition, generally, dietary and serum long-chain omega-3 PUFA levels, DPA, and DHA levels were both positively associated with muscle mass measured by DXA; whereas serum total, long-chain and individual omega-3 PUFA levels (e.g., DPA, EPA, and DHA) were all negatively associated with fat mass and body fat percentage. These findings were further confirmed by the findings for body composition measured by the BIA method.ConclusionHigher levels of dietary and serum omega-3 PUFAs, particularly long-chain omega PUFAs (DPA and DHA), might have beneficial effects on metabolic parameters and body composition among PCOS patients.
| S-EPMC9581053 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundInsulin resistance (IR) and central obesity are common in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but pathomechanisms for IR in PCOS are not established. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are non-invasive biomarkers of epigenetic regulation that may contribute to the pathogenesis of IR and central adiposity in PCOS.MethodsWe conducted a pilot study to examine associations of circulating miRNAs with IR and central adiposity among women with PCOS (n = 11) using high-throughput miRNA sequencing. We fit generalized linear models examining associations of waist circumference and HOMA-IR with plasma miRNAs. We used false discovery rate (FDR)-adjusted cutoff p < 0.1 to correct for multiple testing. We used miRDB's Gene Ontology (GO) tool to identify predicted pathways for top hits.ResultsMean age and BMI of participants were 27.9 years and 32.5 kg/m2, respectively. Lower levels of miR-1294 were associated with higher waist circumference (β = -0.10, FDR = 0.095). While no miRNAs were associated with HOMA-IR at our FDR cut off <0.1, 11 miRNAs were associated with waist circumference and 14 miRNAs with HOMA-IR at unadjusted p < 0.01, including members of the highly conserved miR-17/92 cluster and miR-1294 (β = -0.10, p < 0.001). The GO analysis of miR-1294 identified 54 overrepresented pathways, including "negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling" (FDR = 0.019), and 6 underrepresented pathways.ConclusionsPlasma miR-1294 along with members of the miR-17/92 cluster and miRNAs involved in insulin signaling may be associated with central obesity and insulin resistance in PCOS. Larger studies among women with and without PCOS are needed to validate these findings.
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Project description:ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) Pro12Ala and silent exon 6 (His447His) polymorphisms with the clinical features of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).DesignPatients with PCOS and control subjects were genotyped for Pro12Ala and His447His. Associations between genotype, diagnosis, and hormonal/metabolic parameters were assessed.SettingSubjects were recruited from the reproductive endocrinology clinic at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama. Control subjects were recruited from the surrounding community. Genotyping was performed at the Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, California.Patient(s)Participants included 285 white women with PCOS and 187 controls.Intervention(s)None.Main outcome measure(s)The Pro12Ala and His447His genotypes, and hormonal and metabolic phenotypes.Result(s)The Pro12Ala and His447His genotypes did not influence risk of PCOS or its component phenotypes in patients with PCOS. In controls, Pro12Ala did not influence measures of insulin resistance or androgen production. However, carriers of the His447His T-allele had significantly decreased free and total T levels, and a significantly decreased homeostasis model assessment index of insulin resistance. Furthermore, haplotypes in controls bearing the His447His T-allele were also associated with decreased T.Conclusion(s)Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma does not appear to be an important modifier gene in PCOS. In controls, however, the His447His T-allele may be in linkage disequilibrium with a functional variant that influences insulin resistance and T production.
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Project description:BackgroundPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common reproductive endocrine disease in women of childbearing age, and insulin resistance is an important etiological mechanism in PCOS. This study revealed the microRNA (miRNA) expression profile of PCOS with insulin resistance and explored the potential biological functions of differentially expressed miRNA.MethodsA total of 76 patients with PCOS and 30 normal healthy women were recruited in the gynecological clinic of the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University. We divided the patients with PCOS into a group with insulin resistance (n=46) and a group without insulin resistance (n=30). Peripheral venous serum samples from each group were used for deep sequencing to identify differentially expressed miRNAs. Hierarchical clustering heat maps were used to show differences in miRNA expression. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, and target gene network databases were used to explore the potential target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs and to analyze their specific biological functions.ResultsA case-control analysis found that the levels of body mass index (BMI), prolactin (PRL), total testosterone (T), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and fasting insulin (INS) in patients with PCOS were higher than those in healthy controls. High BMI, high blood sugar, and hyperinsulinemia were more significant in the PCOS with insulin resistance group than without insulin resistance group. Among the patients with PCOS, miR-122-5p was found to have more significant differences in the PCOS with insulin resistance group. GO and KEGG pathway analysis showed that the identified miRNAs were involved in the regulation of different biological processes, such as signal transduction, negative regulation of GTPase activity, chloride channel complex. The predicted target genes were related to the citrate cycle (TCA cycle) and the biosynthesis of mucin-type O-glycans.ConclusionsOur research demonstrated the use of miRNAs as new biomarkers for the diagnosis, treatment and presented a new strategy to lessen the symptoms of PCOS with insulin resistance.
| S-EPMC9372667 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is closely related with the onset and development of metabolic abnormalities. However, the correlation between PCOS and kidney injury has not been clarified, and the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Herein, we performed a prospective survey in 55 PCOS and 69 healthy participants. Furthermore, the correlation analyses between serum testosterone and renal functional manifestations of patients and healthy subjects, including urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR), urinary κ-light chains (KapU), urinary λ-light chains (LamU), urinary α1-microglobulin (α1-MU), and urinary β2-microglobulin (β2-MU), were analyzed. Compared with that in normal subjects, the levels of serum testosterone and UACR were significantly higher in PCOS patients. Serum testosterone is significantly correlated with the disease severity of PCOS. Although urinary excretions of KapU, LamU, α1-MU, and β2-MU did not increase in PCOS patients, they had a significantly positive correlation with the extent of serum testosterone in PCOS patients. IN vitro, primary cultured human ovary granulosa cells (GCs) were isolated from the follicular fluid (FF) extracting from PCOS patients and controls. FF, especially which extracted from PCOS patients with a high expression of serum testosterone, significantly induced cell apoptosis and inflammation in human GCs. To examine the communication between PCOS and kidney injury, a human proximal tubular epithelial cell line (HKC-8) was cultured and administered FF. Interestingly, FF from PCOS patients with a higher level of serum testosterone induced fibrotic lesions in HKC-8 cells. These data suggest serum testosterone plays a critical role in PCOS and PCOS-associated kidney injury. Serum testosterone may serve as a promising indicator for kidney fibrotic injury outcomes in PCOS patients.
| S-EPMC6709419 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ContextThere is no standardized assay of testosterone in women. Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC/MS) has been proposed as the preferable assay by an Endocrine Society Position Statement.ObjectiveThe aim was to compare assay results from a direct RIA with two LC/MS.Design and settingWe conducted a blinded laboratory study including masked duplicate samples at three laboratories--two academic (University of Virginia, RIA; and Mayo Clinic, LC/MS) and one commercial (Quest, LC/MS).Participants and interventionsBaseline testosterone levels from 596 women with PCOS who participated in a large, multicenter, randomized controlled infertility trial performed at academic health centers in the United States were run by varying assays, and results were compared.Main outcome measureWe measured assay precision and correlation and baseline Ferriman-Gallwey hirsutism scores.ResultsMedian testosterone levels were highest with RIA. The correlations between the blinded samples that were run in duplicate were comparable. The correlation coefficient (CC) between LC/MS at Quest and Mayo was 0.83 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.80-0.85], between RIA and LC/MS at Mayo was 0.79 (95% CI, 0.76-0.82), and between RIA and LC/MS at Quest was 0.67 (95% CI, 0.63-0.72). Interassay variation was highest at the lower levels of total testosterone (≤50 ng/dl). The CC for Quest LC/MS was significantly different from those derived from the other assays. We found similar correlations between total testosterone levels and hirsutism score with the RIA (CC=0.24), LC/MS at Mayo (CC=0.15), or Quest (CC=0.17).ConclusionsA testosterone RIA is comparable to LC/MS assays. There is significant variability between LC/MS assays and poor precision with all assays at low testosterone levels.
| S-EPMC2999971 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that insulin resistance is associated with depression risk in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).DesignSecondary analysis of data from a multicenter randomized trial.SettingMulticenter university-based clinical practices.Patient(s)Seven hundred thirty-eight women with PCOS by modified Rotterdam criteria seeking pregnancy enrolled in a randomized clinical trial comparing clomiphene citrate versus letrozole.Intervention(s)The Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders Patient Health Questionnaire was self-administered to identify depression using a validated algorithm at enrollment. Demographic and anthropometric data were collected, and serum assays were performed. Insulin resistance was estimated using the homeostatic model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), with a cutoff of >2.2 considered abnormal.Main outcome measure(s)Demographic, endocrine, and metabolic parameters associated with depression.Result(s)In a univariate logistic regression analysis, elevated HOMA-IR was associated with 2.3-fold increased odds of depression (odds ratio [OR] = 2.32; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.28-4.21). This association remained significant after controlling for age and body mass index (adjusted OR [aOR] = 2.23; 95% CI, 1.11-4.46) and in a model including additional potential confounders (aOR = 2.03; 95% CI, 1.00-4.16).Conclusion(s)Insulin resistance has a strong and independent association with depression in PCOS and may serve as a physiologic mediator. Our findings corroborate a growing body of evidence linking insulin resistance to depressed mood. The association between insulin resistance and depressed mood warrants further investigation to elucidate mechanisms and identify potential therapeutic targets.
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