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Bio-Inspired Motion Mechanisms: Computational Design and Material Programming of Self-Adjusting 4D-Printed Wearable Systems.

ABSTRACT: This paper presents a material programming approach for designing 4D-printed self-shaping material systems based on biological role models. Plants have inspired numerous adaptive systems that move without using any operating energy; however, these systems are typically designed and fabricated in the form of simplified bilayers. This work introduces computational design methods for 4D-printing bio-inspired behaviors with compounded mechanisms. To emulate the anisotropic arrangement of motile plant structures, material systems are tailored at the mesoscale using extrusion-based 3D-printing. The methodology is demonstrated by transferring the principle of force generation by a twining plant (Dioscorea bulbifera) to the application of a self-tightening splint. Through the tensioning of its stem helix, D. bulbifera exhibits a squeezing force on its support to provide stability against gravity. The functional strategies of D. bulbifera are abstracted and translated to customized 4D-printed material systems. The squeezing forces of these bio-inspired motion mechanisms are then evaluated. Finally, the function of self-tightening is prototyped in a wrist-forearm splint-a common orthotic device for alignment. The presented approach enables the transfer of novel and expanded biomimetic design strategies to 4D-printed motion mechanisms, further opening the design space to new types of adaptive creations for wearable assistive technologies and beyond.

SUBMITTER: Cheng T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8261511 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Upon the osteoporotic condition, sluggish osteogenesis, excessive bone resorption, and chronic inflammation make the osseointegration of bioinert titanium (Ti) implants with surrounding bone tissues difficult, often lead to prosthesis loosening, bone collapse, and implant failure. In this study, we firstly designed clickable mussel-inspired peptides (DOPA-N3) and grafted them onto the surfaces of Ti materials through robust catechol-TiO2 coordinative interactions. Then, two dibenzylcyclooctyne (DBCO)-capped bioactive peptides RGD and BMP-2 bioactive domain (BMP-2) were clicked onto the DOPA-N3-coated Ti material surfaces via bio-orthogonal reaction. We characterized the surface morphology and biocompatibility of the Ti substrates and optimized the osteogenic capacity of Ti surfaces through adjusting the ideal ratios of BMP-2/RGD at 3:1. In vitro, the dual-functionalized Ti substrates exhibited excellent promotion on adhesion and osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and conspicuous immunopolarization-regulation to shift macrophages to alternative (M2) phenotypes and inhibit inflammation, as well as enhancement of osseointegration and mechanical stability in osteoporotic rats. In summary, our biomimetic surface modification strategy by bio-orthogonal reaction provided a convenient and feasible method to resolve the bioinertia and clinical complications of Ti-based implants, which was conducive to the long-term success of Ti implants, especially in the osteoporotic or inflammatory conditions. Graphical abstract Mussel-inspired adhesion and bio-orthogonal reactions are combined for surface modification of Ti-based implants with RGD peptide and BMP-2 peptide. Dual-functionalized Ti-based implants can enhance osteogenesis and osseointegration through promoting BMSCs adhesion and osteodifferentiation, as well as modulate macrophage polarization in the osteoporotic rats.Image 1 Highlight • A clickable mussel-inspired peptide and two DBCO-capped bioactive peptides for facile decoration of Ti prostheses via robust catechol/TiO2 coordinative interactions and click chemical reaction.• Dual functionalized Ti-based surface can improve cell anchoring and osteogenicitity by rationally adjusting the grafting ratio of BMP-2 and RGD peptides.• Dual functionalized Ti-based surface synergistically achieve M2 shifting and efficient inflammation inhibition for osseointegration.

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Bio-Inspired Motion Mechanisms: Computational Design and Material Programming of Self-Adjusting 4D-Printed Wearable Systems.

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