Low expression of miR-195 is associated with cell proliferation, glycolysis and poor survival in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive but not in triple negative breast cancer.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Tokumaru Y
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8263660 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Background: The breast epithelial cells in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) actually have specific estrogen receptor (ER) expression, and the abnormal glycosylation of UGT1A1 in TNBC cells resulted in abnormal expression and function of ER? through regulating the modification of ER?. Therefore, our study targets the role of UGT1A1 expression, then glycosylation modification of ER? (estrogen receptor ?) and estrogen resistance in development of TNBC. Methods: The differential expression of mRNA and miRNA in TNBC tissues was tested. Luciferase activity was analyzed in TNBC cells treated with miR-452. Moreover, the human mammary gland and TNBC cell lines were dealt with estrogen and miR-452 or its inhibitors, then proliferation ability was further determined. Moreover, the role of interaction between UGT1A1 and ER? in the glycosylation modification of ER? and UGT activity, and metabolism of estrogen were assessed. The effects of miR-452 on TNBC by improving abnormal glycosylation modification of ER? by targeting UGT1A1 and estrogen resistance were studied in vitro and in vivo. Results: The expression level of UGT1A1 in TNBC tumor tissues was higher than its matched para-tumorous tissues, but the miR-452 expression was opposite. The glycosylation modification site of ER? expressed in TNBC cells was different from that of normal mammary epithelial cells. The estrogen 17?-estradiol (E2) significantly promoted mitotic entry of TNBC cells. The interaction between UGT1A1 and ER? affected the expression level of each other, as well as the UGT enzyme activity and proliferation of TNBC cells. UGT1A1 induced production of intracellular estrogens and TNBC proliferation, but it could be reversed by overexpression of ER?. Upregulation of ER? caused the downregulation of UGT1A1 and marked decrease of intracellular estrogen products, and then suppressed TNBC proliferation. Moreover, UGT1A1 was the target gene of miR-452; miR-452 antagomir restrained TNBC xenograft. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that estrogen was a positive factor in the proliferation of TNBC cells at onset of mitosis through accentuating the expression and enzyme activity of UGT1A1. However, miR-452 targeted to UGT1A1, then regulated glycosylation modification of ER?, estrogen metabolism, and TNBC development associated with estrogen resistance.
| S-EPMC7479224 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Immunohistochemically ER-positive HER2-negative (ER+HER2-) breast cancers are classified clinically as Luminal-type. We showed previously that molecular subtyping using the 80-gene signature (80-GS) reclassified a subset of ER+HER2- tumors to molecular Basal-type. We report here that molecular reclassification is associated with expression of dominant-negative ER variants and evaluate response to neoadjuvant therapy and outcome in the prospective neoadjuvant NBRST study (NCT01479101). The 80-GS reclassified 91 of 694 (13.1%) immunohistochemically Luminal-type tumors to molecular Basal-type. Importantly, all 91 discordant tumors were classified as high-risk, whereas only 66.9% of ER+/Luminal-type tumors were classified at high-risk for disease recurrence (i.e., Luminal B) (P < 0.001). ER variant mRNA (ER∆3, ER∆7, and ERα-36) analysis performed on 84 ER+/Basal tumors and 48 ER+/Luminal B control tumors revealed that total ER mRNA was significantly lower in ER+/Basal tumors. The relative expression of ER∆7/total ER was significantly higher in ER+/Basal tumors compared to ER+/Luminal B tumors (P < 0.001). ER+/Basal patients had similar pathological complete response (pCR) rates following neoadjuvant chemotherapy as ER-/Basal patients (34.3 vs. 37.6%), and much higher than ER+/Luminal A or B patients (2.3 and 5.8%, respectively). Furthermore, 3-year distant metastasis-free interval (DMFI) for ER+/Basal patients was 65.8%, significantly lower than 96.3 and 88.9% for ER+/Luminal A and B patients, respectively, (log-rank P < 0.001). Significantly lower total ER mRNA and increased relative ER∆7 dominant-negative variant expression provides a rationale why ER+/Basal breast cancers are molecularly ER-negative. Identification of this substantial subset of patients is clinically relevant because of the higher pCR rate to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and correlation with clinical outcome.
| S-EPMC6472385 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Dicer is an RNase III enzyme responsible for cleaving double-stranded RNAs into small interfering RNAs and microRNAs, which either target messenger RNA transcripts for degradation or inhibit translation. Dicer protein levels have been examined in breast cancer with contradictory results. Our goal was to resolve whether Dicer levels differ in breast cancer versus normal breast epithelium and between estrogen receptor-?-positive (ER+) or estrogen receptor-?-negative (ER-) primary breast cancers. We compared 3 different Dicer antibodies: Abcam 4A6, Abcam ab5818, and Sigma HPA000694, using immunohistochemistry and Western blot analyses. All 3 Dicer antibodies detected higher levels of Dicer in ER+ breast cancer cell lines versus ER-, and all 3 recognized exogenous overexpressed Dicer. In clinical specimens, all 3 antibodies detected higher Dicer in ER+ breast cancers versus triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) but had very different staining patterns by immunohistochemistry on the same tumor samples. Using the optimal antibody, ab5818, selected for its sensitivity and specificity, Dicer protein expression was significantly higher in ER+ versus TNBC clinical specimens of primary tumor (P<.0001, unpaired t test). Dicer was also significantly higher in adjacent normal breast epithelium versus TNBC (P<.0001, paired t test; n=18 pairs). Differences in antibody performance may explain contrasting results observed in the literature regarding Dicer protein in breast cancer. If Dicer becomes more clinically relevant as a prognostic indicator, further antibody optimization and standardization will be critical.
| S-EPMC5517318 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Tumor heterogeneity may broadly influence the activation of tumor-associated macrophages. We aimed to dissect how breast cancer cells of different molecular characteristics contribute to macrophage phenotype and function. Therefore, we performed whole transcriptome sequencing of human monocytes that were co-cultured with estrogen receptor positive (ER(+)) or triple-negative (TNBC) breast cancer cell lines and studied the biological responses related to the differential gene activation in both monocytes and cancer cells by pathway analysis. ER(+) and TNBC cancer cell lines induced distinctly different macrophage phenotypes with different biological functions, cytokine and chemokine secretion, and morphology. Conversely, ER(+) and TNBC breast cancer cell lines were distinctly influenced by the presence of macrophages. ER(+) cells demonstrated up-regulation of an acute phase inflammatory response, IL-17 signaling and antigen presentation pathway, whereas thioredoxin and vitamin D3 receptor pathways were down-regulated in the respective macrophages. The TNBC educated macrophages down-regulated citrulline metabolism and differentiated into M2-like macrophages with increased MMR protein expression and CCL2 secretion. These data demonstrate how different cancer cells educate the host cells to support tumor growth and might explain why high infiltration of macrophages in TNBC tumors associates with poor prognosis.
| S-EPMC4361875 | biostudies-other
Project description:ER+ve and ER-ve breast cancers tend to show different patterns of metastasis, with ER+ve tumours having a propensity to metastasize to the bone while ER-ve tumours tend to induce visceral metastasis. Glycans can play an important role in metastasis through their interactions with glycan binding proteins. Moreover we, and others have also shown that expression of particular tumor-associated glycoforms of the mucin MUC1, allows it to interact with lectins of the immune system. We now have data showing differences in the level of expression of some glycosyltransferases in ER+ve and ER-ve of breast cancer suggesting the expression of different O-linked glycoforms. RNA will be isolated from ER+ve and ER-ve primary breast cancers supplied by the Guy’s and St Thomas’ Research Breast Tissue Bank. Tumor tissue will be macro-dissected from thick cryostat sections by visual comparison with a representative H&E section. We will verify the level of expression of ER and document the expression of ST3Gal-I and ST6GalNAc-II by RT-qPCR. We have already isolated RNA from a number of tumours and shown we can obtain RNA of good quality with a RNA integrity number, as measured with an Agilent Bioanalyser, of >4.5 Since there is likely to be variability among primary tumors, ideally we analyzed of 10 ER negative and 9 ER positive tumours.
| S-ECPF-GEOD-32394 | biostudies-other
Project description:Approximately 80% of breast cancer (BC) cases express the estrogen receptor (ER), and 30-40% of these cases acquire resistance to endocrine therapies over time. Hyperactivation of Akt is one of the mechanisms by which endocrine resistance is acquired. Apigenin (Api), a flavone found in several plant foods, has shown beneficial effects in cancer and chronic diseases. Here, we studied the therapeutic potential of Api in the treatment of ER-positive, endocrine therapy-resistant BC. To achieve this objective, we stably overexpressed the constitutively active form of the Akt protein in MCF-7 cells (named the MCF-7/Akt clone). The proliferation of MCF-7/Akt cells is partially independent of estradiol (E2) and exhibits an incomplete response to the anti-estrogen agent 4-hydroxytamoxifen, demonstrating the resistance of these cells to hormone therapy. Api exerts an antiproliferative effect on the MCF-7/Akt clone. Api inhibits the proliferative effect of E2 by inducing G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Importantly, Api inhibits the Akt/FOXM1 signaling pathway by decreasing the expression of FOXM1, a key transcription factor involved in the cell cycle. Api also alters the expression of genes regulated by FOXM1, including cell cycle-related genes, particularly in the MCF-7/Akt clone. Together, our results strengthen the therapeutic potential of Api for the treatment of endocrine-resistant BC.
| S-EPMC7796491 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:Triple-negative breast cancer, characterized by a lack of hormone receptor and HER2 expression, is associated with a particularly poor prognosis. Focusing on potentially modifiable breast cancer risk factors, we examined the relationship between body size, physical activity, and triple-negative disease risk. METHODS:Using data from 155,723 women enrolled in the Women's Health Initiative (median follow-up, 7.9 years), we assessed associations between baseline body mass index (BMI), BMI in earlier adulthood, waist and hip circumference, waist-hip ratio, recreational physical activity, and risk of triple-negative (n=307) and estrogen receptor-positive (ER+, n=2,610) breast cancers. RESULTS:Women in the highest versus lowest BMI quartile had 1.35-fold (95% CI, 0.92-1.99) and 1.39-fold (95% CI, 1.22-1.58) increased risks of triple-negative and ER+ breast cancers, respectively. Waist and hip circumferences were positively associated with risk of ER+ breast cancer (Ptrend=0.01 for both measures) but were not associated with triple-negative breast cancer. Compared with women who reported no recreational physical activity, women in the highest activity tertile had similarly lower risks of triple-negative and ER+ breast cancers (HR=0.77; 95% CI, 0.51-1.13; and HR=0.85; 95% CI, 0.74-0.98, respectively). CONCLUSIONS:Despite biological and clinical differences, triple-negative and ER+ breast cancers are similarly associated with BMI and recreational physical activity in postmenopausal women. The biological mechanisms underlying these similarities are uncertain and these modest associations require further investigation. IMPACT:If confirmed, these results suggest potential ways postmenopausal women might modify their risk of both ER+ and triple-negative breast cancers.
| S-EPMC3064558 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PURPOSE:A subset of estrogen receptor-positive (ER-positive) breast cancer (BC) contains high levels of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), similar to triple-negative BC (TNBC). The majority of immuno-oncology trials target TNBCs because of the greater proportion of TIL-rich TNBCs. The extent to which the immune microenvironments of immune-rich ER-positive BC and TNBC differ is unknown. PATIENTS AND METHODS:RNA sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA; n = 697 ER-positive BCs; n = 191 TNBCs) were used for discovery; microarray expression data from Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC; n = 1,186 ER-positive BCs; n = 297 TNBCs) was used for validation. Patients in the top 25th percentile of a previously published total TIL metagene score distribution were considered immune rich. We compared expression of immune cell markers, immune function metagenes, and immuno-oncology therapeutic targets among immune-rich subtypes. RESULTS:Relative fractions of resting mast cells (TCGA P adj = .009; METABRIC P adj = 4.09E-15), CD8+ T cells (TCGA P adj = .015; METABRIC P adj = 0.390), and M2-like macrophages (TCGA P adj= 4.68E-05; METABRIC P adj = .435) were higher in immune-rich ER-positive BCs, but M0-like macrophages (TCGA P adj = 0.015; METABRIC P adj = .004) and M1-like macrophages (TCGA P adj = 9.39E-08; METABRIC P adj = 6.24E-11) were higher in immune-rich TNBCs. Ninety-one immune-related genes (eg, CXCL14, CSF3R, TGF-B3, LRRC32/GARP, TGFB-R2) and a transforming growth factor ? (TGF-?) response metagene were significantly overexpressed in immune-rich ER-positive BCs, whereas 41 immune-related genes (eg, IFNG, PD-L1, CTLA4, MAGEA4) were overexpressed in immune-rich TNBCs in both discovery and validation data sets. TGF-? pathway member genes correlated negatively with expression of immune activation markers (IFNG, granzyme-B, perforin) and positively with M2-like macrophages (IL4, IL10, and MMP9) and regulatory T-cell (FOXP3) markers in both subtypes. CONCLUSION:Different immunotherapy strategies may be optimal in immune-rich ER-positive BC and TNBC. Drugs targeting the TGF-? pathway and M2-like macrophages are promising strategies in immune-rich ER-positive BCs to augment antitumor immunity.
| S-EPMC7446500 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This investigation attempted to discern whether formononetin restrained progression of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) by blocking lncRNA AFAP1-AS1-miR-195/miR-545 axis. We prepared TNBC cell lines (i.e. MDA-MB-231 and BT-549) and normal human mammary epithelial cell line (i.e. MCF-10A) in advance, and the TNBC cell lines were, respectively, transfected by pcDNA3.1-lncRNA AFAP1-AS1, si-lncRNA AFAP1-AS1, pcDNA6.2/GW/EmGFP-miR-545 or pcDNA6.2/GW/EmGFP-miR-195. Resistance of TNBC cells in response to 5-Fu, adriamycin, paclitaxel and cisplatin was evaluated through MTT assay, while potentials of TNBC cells in proliferation, migration and invasion were assessed via CCK8 assay and Transwell assay. Consequently, silencing of lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 impaired chemo-resistance, proliferation, migration and invasion of TNBC cells (P<0.05), and over-expression of miR-195 and miR-545, which were sponged and down-regulated by lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 (P<0.05), significantly reversed the promoting effect of pcDNA3.1-lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 on proliferation, migration, invasion and chemo-resistance of TNBC cells (P<0.05). Furthermore, CDK4 and Raf-1, essential biomarkers of TNBC progression, were, respectively, subjected to target and down-regulation of miR-545 and miR-195 (P<0.05), and they were promoted by pcDNA3.1-lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 at protein and mRNA levels (P<0.05). Additionally, formononetin significantly decreased expressions of lncRNA AFAP1-AS1, CDK4 and Raf-1, while raised miR-195 and miR-545 expressions in TNBC cells (P<0.05), and exposure to it dramatically contained malignant behaviors of TNBC cells (P<0.05). In conclusion, formononetin alleviated TNBC malignancy by suppressing lncRNA AFAP1-AS1-miR-195/miR-545 axis, suggesting that molecular targets combined with traditional Chinese medicine could yield significant clinical benefits in TNBC.
| S-EPMC8351708 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) lacks estrogen receptor (ER) ?, but the expression of estrogen receptors ER? and G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER-1) is able to trigger estrogen-responsivity in TNBC. Estrogen signaling in TNBC can also be activated and modulated by the constitutively active estrogen-related receptors (ERRs). In this review article, we discuss the role of ER? and GPER-1 as mediators of E2 action in TNBC as well as the function of ERRs as activators and modulators of estrogen signaling in this cancer entity. For this purpose, original research articles on estrogen actions in TNBC were considered, which are listed in the PubMed database. Additionally, we performed meta-analyses of publicly accessible integrated gene expression and survival data to elucidate the association of ER?, GPER-1, and ERR expression levels in TNBC with survival. Finally, options for endocrine therapy strategies for TNBC were discussed.
| S-EPMC7692567 | biostudies-literature