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Emerging and population analysis of Grapevine Pinot gris virus isolates from Iran.

ABSTRACT: Grapevine Pinot gris virus (GPGV) is a novel member of Trichovirus genus in Betaflexiviridae family. During 2018-2019, 114 leaf and green shoot samples were collected from the main vineyards in Iran Zanjan, Hamedan and East Azerbaijan provinces. After total RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, the samples were tested by PCR assay using two pairs of specific primers corresponding to the coat protein (CP) and movement protein (MP) regions of GPGV, in which 6 out of 114 samples were found to be infected by GPGV. Population genetics analysis and molecular evolution of GPGV were done based on the CP and MP gene sequences of six new Iranian isolates and 53 additional isolates from several different countries in three continents: Asia, Europe, and America. The phylogenetic tree of GPGV isolates was clustered into two independent clades with significant F _ST values (> 0.44). The ω values were calculated < 1 for the GPGV isolates for both genes. These findings demonstrated that the GPGV evolutionary selection pressure is under negative selection. To our knowledge, this is the first detailed study on the molecular characterization, phylogenetic analysis, and provide a better understanding of the population evolution of GPGV isolates from vineyards in Iran. The new Iranian isolates were lied in a new cluster near to European isolates.

Supplementary information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-021-02914-5.

SUBMITTER: Tokhmechi K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8263834 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Emerging and population analysis of Grapevine Pinot gris virus isolates from Iran.

Tokhmechi Kimia K Abadkhah Mahsa M Koolivand Davoud D

3 Biotech 20210707 8

Grapevine Pinot gris virus (GPGV) is a novel member of Trichovirus genus in Betaflexiviridae family. During 2018-2019, 114 leaf and green shoot samples were collected from the main vineyards in Iran Zanjan, Hamedan and East Azerbaijan provinces. After total RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, the samples were tested by PCR assay using two pairs of specific primers corresponding to the coat protein (CP) and movement protein (MP) regions of GPGV, in which 6 out of 114 samples w ...[more]

PMID: 34295608

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Project description:BackgroundGrapevine Pinot gris virus (GPGV) infects grapevines worldwide and causes symptoms such as chlorotic mottling and deformations on leaves, stunted shoots and short panicles, or none of these symptoms if it appears as latent infection. So far, the consequences of GPGV infections for winegrowers are difficult to assess since important information such as plant performance at different GPGV infection levels and symptom expression are not fully clarified.MethodsIn order to investigate the course of GPGV spread, annual visual evaluations and ELISA tests were conducted over 3-4 consecutive years in four GPGV-infected vineyards in southern Germany: GEM, HEC, NIM, and REI. The program PATCHY was used to analyze spatial disease patterns. Sanger sequencing was used to determine virus isolates in vines at different GPGV infection levels, to test their respective influence on symptom expression. Yield and GrapeScan (FTIR) analyses were conducted to test the impact of different GPGV infection levels and isolates on fruit quantity and quality.ResultsGPGV infections significantly increased in all four vineyards (GEM 22-32%, HEC 50-99%, NIM 83-90%, REI 56-76%) with significant spreading patterns across and along rows. Specific symptom progression patterns were not observed. According to our results, the virus isolate has an influence on whether symptoms develop during a GPGV infection. While yield analyses revealed that yield losses only occur in symptomatic vines and range from 13 to 96% depending on the severity of symptoms, latent infections have no impact on grape production. No relevant effects of GPGV infections on must quality were observed.ConclusionsSecondary spread of GPGV was observed in all vineyards monitored, indicating vector-borne transmission that is likely to be accelerated by human viticultural management. GPGV should be further monitored to prevent the accumulation of detrimental symptomatic isolates. The results of this study can be used to assess the risk of GPGV to viticulture and should be considered when developing management strategies against the virus.

Dataset Information

Emerging and population analysis of Grapevine Pinot gris virus isolates from Iran.

Supplementary information

Publications

Emerging and population analysis of <i>Grapevine Pinot gris virus</i> isolates from Iran.

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