NTCP Modeling of Late Effects for Head and Neck Cancer: A Systematic Review.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Stieb S
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8270107 | biostudies-literature | 2021
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
NTCP Modeling of Late Effects for Head and Neck Cancer: A Systematic Review.
Stieb Sonja S Lee Anna A van Dijk Lisanne V LV Frank Steven S Fuller Clifton David CD Blanchard Pierre P
International journal of particle therapy 20210625 1
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Project description:Background and purposeHead and neck cancer (HNC) patients treated with radiotherapy often suffer from radiation-induced toxicities. Normal Tissue Complication Probability (NTCP) modeling can be used to determine the probability to develop these toxicities based on patient, tumor, treatment and dose characteristics. Since the currently used NTCP models are developed using supervised methods that discard unlabeled patient data, we assessed whether the addition of unlabeled patient data by using semi-supervised modeling would gain predictive performance.Materials and methodsThe semi-supervised method of self-training was compared to supervised regression methods with and without prior multiple imputation by chained equation (MICE). The models were developed for the most common toxicity outcomes in HNC patients, xerostomia (dry mouth) and dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), measured at six months after treatment, in a development cohort of 750 HNC patients. The models were externally validated in a validation cohort of 395 HNC patients. Model performance was assessed by discrimination and calibration.ResultsMICE and self-training did not improve performance in terms of discrimination or calibration at external validation compared to current regression models. In addition, the relative performance of the different models did not change upon a decrease in the amount of (labeled) data available for model development. Models using ridge regression outperformed the logistic models for the dysphagia outcome.ConclusionSince there was no apparent gain in the addition of unlabeled patient data by using the semi-supervised method of self-training or MICE, the supervised regression models would still be preferred in current NTCP modeling for HNC patients.
| S-EPMC10562149 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background and aimsMalnutrition is prevalent among head and neck cancer (HNC) patients and leads to undesirable outcomes such as reduced treatment response and increased treatment-related side effects. This systematic review summarizes the recent evidence regarding the effect of immunonutrition in HNC patients undergoing radiotherapy and chemotherapy.MethodsA literature search was conducted of the CENTRAL, ProQuest, MEDLINE, EBSCOhost, Web of Science and CINAHL databases; and further supplemented with internet and manual searches. Studies published between January 2011 and May 2021 were identified, screened, retrieved, and data extraction was performed.ResultsTwenty studies involving 1535 patients were included, 15 were randomized controlled trials (RCTs), three were retrospective study and two were comparative cohort studies. Five out of seven studies reported improvement or maintenance of nutrition status with continuous supplementation using immunonutrient-enriched formula. Three studies reported functional status as an outcome, with one study reporting significant improvement, one study reporting maintenance, and another study reporting no difference in the functional status of patients supplemented with immunonutrient-enriched formulas. Supplementation with glutamine did not reduce the overall incidence of mucositis but delayed the onset of oral mucositis and had significantly less incidence of severe oral mucositis.ConclusionSupplementation with immunonutrient-enriched formulas in HNC patients during radiotherapy and chemotherapy may improve or maintain nutrition status. Supplementation with glutamine during HNC radiotherapy and chemotherapy may delay the onset of oral mucositis and reduce incidences of severe oral mucositis. Further investigations are required, focusing on the timing, dosage, and duration of immunonutrition.Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO, identifier CRD42021241817.
| S-EPMC8961436 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundInterventions for head/neck cancer (HNC) survivors may not address their cancer-related and general health needs.MethodsPreferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guided this systematic review of studies from 2000 to 2021 of interventions targeting cancer survivors treated with curative-intent, using MEDLINE, Embase, Emcare, and PsycINFO. Interventions were categorized into domains of the Quality of Cancer Survivorship Care Framework to characterize the scope and quality of interventions.ResultsWe identified 28 studies for inclusion: 13 randomized and 15 non-randomized. Most targeted surveillance/management of physical effects (n = 24) including 13 that also targeted psychosocial effects. Four studies addressed prevention/surveillance for recurrence/new cancers, one addressed health promotion/disease prevention, and one addressed chronic medical conditions. Most studies (n = 27) had medium-high risk of bias.ConclusionsThere are few high-quality studies addressing HNC survivorship. Future rigorously designed studies should address broader areas of care, including chronic disease management and health promotion/disease prevention.
| S-EPMC9796901 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Purpose of reviewObservational studies have shown that serum 25-OH vitamin D [25(OH)D] is inversely associated with overall cancer risk in many malignancies. We performed a systematic literature review to determine whether vitamin D deficiency is related to head and neck cancer (HNC) etiology and outcome.Recent findingsThe search yielded five prospective studies reporting 25(OH)D levels prior to cancer diagnosis and their effect on the risk of HNC. Eight studies were cross-sectional or case-control studies, in which 25(OH)D levels were only measured after cancer diagnosis. Two studies found an inverse association between 25(OH)D level and HNC risk, while two other prospective cohort studies demonstrated no connection between 25(OH)D and HNC risk. Several studies reported cancer patients to have significantly lower 25(OH)D levels than controls. Associations between 25(OH)D and prognosis and mortality were variable. The link between vitamin D and HNC has so far only been investigated in a few observational, prospective, and case-control studies. Vitamin D deficiency may be more common in HNC patients than in the healthy population. There is no evidence for a causal relationship. Further studies are needed to evaluate whether low 25(OH)D concentrations play a role in the development or outcome of HNCs.
| S-EPMC7679336 | biostudies-literature
Project description:A broader understanding of oral and ocular late effects in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients who underwent intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) may provide valuable information in follow-up and improve quality of life. Twenty-nine HNC patients treated at least 6 months earlier and 30 age-matched controls were recruited. After completing several questionnaires: Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14), Shortened Xerostomia Inventory (SXI), Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and McMonnies Dry Eye questionnaire (MDEQ), participants underwent oral and ocular examinations. Oral examination included clinical oral dryness score (CODS) and secretion rates of unstimulated and stimulated saliva (UWS, SWS). Ocular examination included tear film break-up time, Schirmer test and ocular surface staining. The patients had more problems related to dry mouth than controls based on CODS and SXI, and more complaints of dry eye disease based on OSDI and MDEQ. UWS and SWS rates and oral health related quality of life were significantly lower in the patient group. Subjective oral dryness (SXI) correlated significantly with subjective ocular dryness (OSDI and MDEQ). Our study demonstrates that HNC patients treated with IMRT experience late effects in terms of xerostomia and ocular dryness underlining the importance of interdisciplinary approach in the evaluation and follow-up of HNC patients.
| S-EPMC7889862 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundIn patients treated for head and neck cancer, imaging studies are usually obtained within 3-6 months after treatment for assessment of treatment response. After 6 months, most guidelines advocate clinical follow-up, with imaging reserved for patients with clinically suspect or equivocal findings. However, some guidelines do recommend systematic imaging surveillance, and many clinicians tend to include some type of imaging in their follow-up schemes.ObjectivesThis systematic review focuses on the usefulness of routine (systematic) post-treatment imaging surveillance of head and neck cancer beyond the first 3-6-month baseline imaging study.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar. Additional studies were identified by reviewing reference lists. Only original studies and review papers were considered. Results obtained with systematic post-treatment surveillance imaging were compared to symptom-directed imaging and/or clinical finding-directed imaging.ResultsFive hundred twenty-one records were identified through the database search, and 44 additional records were identified through other sources. Forty-eight articles were selected for the final review. Analysis of these records showed that almost half of cases of locoregional recurrences and/or metastases were only detected by imaging (40.9%), and the mean time of detection of recurrent or metastatic disease (11.5 months) was well beyond the period of the first post-treatment scan. Most authors reported superior results with PET-CT when compared to other imaging techniques.ConclusionStrong arguments were found in favor of systematic imaging surveillance in locoregional advanced head and neck cancer during at least one and preferably 2 years after treatment.Critical relevance statementAnalysis of the selected records showed that almost half of cases of locoregional recurrences and/or metastases were only detected by imaging. This systematic review suggests that imaging may currently be underused in the post-treatment surveillance of patients with head and neck cancer.Key points• This systematic review focuses on the usefulness of long-term systematic imaging surveillance in patients treated for head and neck cancer. • Analysis of 521 articles revealed that systematic imaging allowed the initial detection of locoregional recurrences and/or metastases in more than 40% of patients. • Imaging may currently be underused in the post-treatment surveillance of patients with advanced head and neck cancer.
| S-EPMC10844183 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Optimizing the timing of radiotherapy and chemotherapy tailored to the body's biological clock (i.e., chronotherapy) might improve treatment efficacy and reduce side effects. This systematic review evaluated the effect of chrono-radiotherapy and chrono-chemotherapy on treatment efficacy, toxicity and adverse events in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients from prospective and retrospective studies published between the date of database inception until March 2024. The primary outcome measures for chrono-radiotherapy were treatment efficacy and incidence of grade ≥3 oral mucositis, and the main outcome measures for chrono-chemotherapy were objective response rate (ORR) and overall toxicity and adverse events. Of 7349 records identified, 22 studies with 3366 patients were included (chrono-radiotherapy = 9 and chrono-chemotherapy = 13). HNC patients who underwent chrono-radiotherapy had 31% less risk of developing severe oral mucositis (grade ≥3) compared to evening radiotherapy (risk ratio: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.53-0.90, p < 0.05). Further, HNC patients who underwent chrono-chemotherapy using platinum-based and antimetabolite agents had 73% less risk of lower ORR compared to nontime-stipulated chemotherapy (risk ratio: 0.27, 95% CI: 0.09-0.84, p < 0.05). In addition, HNC patients who underwent chrono-chemotherapy had 41% less risk of lower overall toxicity and adverse events in comparison to nontime-stipulated chemotherapy (risk ratio: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.47-0.72, p < 0.05). In conclusion, chrono-chemotherapy studies showed evidence of improved treatment efficacy, while in chrono-radiotherapy it was maintained. Chrono-radiotherapy and chrono-chemotherapy studies provide evidence of reduced toxicity and adverse events. However, optimized circadian-based multicentric clinical studies are needed to support chrono-radiotherapy and chrono-chemotherapy in managing HNC.
| S-EPMC11701392 | biostudies-literature
Project description:A large body of literature has emerged supporting the importance of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in the pathogenesis of head and neck cancers. CSCs are a subpopulation of cells within a tumor that share the properties of self-renewal and multipotency with stem cells from normal tissue. Their functional relevance to the pathobiology of cancer arises from the unique properties of tumorigenicity, chemotherapy resistance, and their ability to metastasize and invade distant tissues. Several molecular profiles have been used to discriminate a stem cell from a non-stem cell. CSCs can be grown for study and further enriched using a number of in vitro techniques. An evolving option for translational research is the use of mathematical and computational models to describe the role of CSCs in complex tumor environments. This review is focused discussing the evidence emerging from modeling approaches that have clarified the impact of CSCs to the biology of cancer.
| S-EPMC5312795 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundCancer treatment often results in financial burdens for patients including healthcare costs as well as treatment-induced disability leading to "financial toxicity" (FT) and decreased quality of life. The purpose of this review is to describe FT related to head and neck cancer (HNC) treatment, including quantifications of direct and indirect costs and descriptions of measurement tools.MethodsPubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched to identify articles published before April 2022. Full-text published studies were included if they assessed direct or indirect costs of HNC treatment; studies were excluded if they did not focus on HNC or financial burden. The risk of bias was assessed, and the results of the studies were synthesized.ResultsDatabase searches yielded 530 unique studies, and 33 studies met the criteria for inclusion. Medical expenses for patients with HNC were higher than for patients with other cancers or controls in several studies. Major surgical procedures, neck dissection, free-flap reconstruction, and intensive care unit admission increased hospital costs. Trimodal therapy with surgery plus chemoradiation represented the most expensive treatment, and chemoradiation increased complication-related health care costs. In several studies, >50% of patients treated for HNC were disabled and did not return to work. One of the greatest contributors to the indirect cost of HNC treatment is the loss of lifetime wages. Patients with HNC are at risk for depression, anxiety, and social isolation, which are linked to a decreased quality of life and treatment non-adherence. The only tools used to assess FT in patients with HNC are the Comprehensive Score for financial Toxicity (COST) and the Financial Index of Toxicity (FIT).ConclusionFinancial toxicity is highly prevalent among patients with HNC. Further research is needed to validate the assessment tools for quantifying FT in HNC patients.
| S-EPMC9880590 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveThe two approaches to symptom-cluster research include grouping symptoms and grouping patients. The objective of this systematic review was to examine the conceptual approaches and methodologies used in symptom-cluster research in patients with head and neck cancer.Data sourcesArticles were retrieved from electronic databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE via Ovid, APA PsycINFO, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials-CENTRAL), five grey literature portals, and Google Scholar. Seventeen studies met the eligibility criteria. Eight studies grouped symptoms to identify symptom clusters, of which two used qualitative methods. The number of symptom clusters ranged from two to five, and the number of symptoms in a cluster ranged from 2 to 11. Nine studies grouped patients based on their experiences with multiple symptoms. Cluster analysis and factor analysis were most commonly used. Despite variable names and composition of symptom clusters, synthesis revealed three prominent symptom clusters: general, head and neck cancer-specific, and gastrointestinal. Being female and quality of life were significantly associated with high symptom group or cluster severity. Biological mechanisms were sparsely examined.ConclusionSymptom cluster research in head and neck cancer is emerging. Consensus on nomenclature of a symptom cluster will facilitate deduction of core clinically relevant symptom clusters in head and neck cancer. Further research is required on understanding patients' subjective experiences, identifying predictors and outcomes, and underlying mechanisms for symptom clusters.Implications for nursing practiceIdentification of clinically relevant symptom clusters would enable targeted symptom assessment and management strategies, thus improving treatment efficiencies and patient outcomes.
| S-EPMC8492544 | biostudies-literature