Screen time and physical activity in children and adolescents aged 10-15 years.
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ABSTRACT: Background
Previous research studies have demonstrated a relationship between low levels of physical activity and high amounts of screen time in children and adolescents. However, this is usually based on self-reported data. Therefore, the aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between objectively measured smartphone screen time and physical activity among children and adolescents aged 10-15 years.Methods
During seven consecutive days, we objectively assessed smartphone screen time, using the SCRIIN smartphone application, and physical activity, using the SCRIIN activity tracker, in children and adolescents recruited from two schools in Stockholm County, Sweden. Moreover, the children/adolescents and their parents responded to a questionnaire, obtaining among other things: self-reported screen time, physical activity, sleep and health-related quality of life.Results
A total of 121 children and adolescents (mean age: 12.1 ± 1.5) were included in the study. Objectively measured smartphone screen time was 161.2 ± 81.1 min/day. Mean physical activity, measured with the SCRIIN activity tracker, was 32.6 ± 16.5 active min/day. Minutes of screen time and physical activity did not differ between the children and adolescents from the two schools, despite located in different socioeconomic areas. Further, we found no association between smartphone screen time and physical activity. However, girls aged 14-15 years, had more smartphone screen time (p<0.01) and were significantly more physically active (p<0.01) than girls aged 10-12 years. In addition, boys reported more than five times more time spent on computer and video games than girls did.Conclusion
Smartphone screen time was not associated with physical activity level among children and adolescents aged 10-15 years.
SUBMITTER: Dahlgren A
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8270173 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:BACKGROUND:Although there is high prevalence of obesity and other cardiovascular risk factors among Latin American adolescents, there is limited evidence on dietary intake and physical activity (PA) patterns in this population. Therefore, we characterized anthropometry, dietary intake, PA and sitting time (ST) in adolescents aged 15-17?years from eight Latin American countries. METHODS:Six hundred seventy-one adolescents (41.4% girls) from the Latin American Study of Nutrition and Health (ELANS) were included. Nutritional status was classified by four BMI (kg/m2) categories. Waist circumference (WC) was categorized as above or below thresholds. Dietary intake was assessed through two non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls. PA and ST were measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). We calculated overall and country-specific estimates by sex and tested for differences between boys and girls. RESULTS:Differences in the prevalence of overweightness (15.1 and 21.6%) and obesity (8.5 and 6.5%) between boys and girls, respectively, were statistically insignificant (p?=?0.059). Average energy intake was 2289.7?kcal/day (95% CI: 2231-2350) for boys and 1904.2?kcal/day (95% CI: 1840-1963) for girls (p?<?0.001). In relation to macronutrient intake for boys and girls, respectively, the average intake (expressed as percentage of total energy) was 15.0 and 14.9% for protein; 55.4 and 54.9% for carbohydrates; 14.1 and 14.5% for added sugar; 29.5 and 30.1% for total fat; and 9.6 and 9.9% for saturated fat (p?>?0.05 for all outcomes). There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of total energy (TE) saturated fat and added sugar (>10% of TE) between girls and boys (49.6% versus 44.8 and 81.7% versus 76.1%, respectively). Prevalence of physical inactivity was 19% in boys and 43.7% in girls (p?<?0.001). Median levels of vigorous-intensity PA and total PA were significantly higher for boys than for girls (p?<?0.05 for both outcomes); whereas levels of ST were similar (273.7 versus 220.0?min/day for boys and girls, respectively; p?>?0.05). CONCLUSIONS:These findings highlight the high prevalence of poor dietary intake and physical inactivity in adolescents from Latin American countries. Therefore, effective and sustainable strategies and programmes are needed that promote healthier diets, regular PA and reduce ST among Latin American adolescents. TRIAL REGISTRATION:Clinical Trials NCT02226627. Retrospectively registered on August 27, 2014.
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Project description:IntroductionPhysical inactivity, high screen time, and short sleep are targets of public health initiatives for children. However, few data exist on how many U.S. children meet guidelines for these behaviors-data vital to inform which needs greater targeting. This study describes national prevalence estimates of U.S. children who meet physical activity, screen time, and sleep guidelines alone or in combination across each childhood year.MethodsThis analysis (completed in 2019) used cross-sectional data from the 2016-2017 National Survey of Children's Health, a nationally representative sample of U.S. children. Child physical activity (days per week with ≥60 minutes), recreational screen time (hours per day of TV viewing and electronic device use), and sleep duration (hours per day) were assessed through parental report. Guidelines recommend ≥60 minutes per day of physical activity, ≤2 hours per day of screen time, and 9-12 hours per day of sleep for individuals aged 6-12 years (8-10 hours for those aged 13-17 years).ResultsOnly 8.8% (95% CI=8.2%, 9.5%) of U.S. children meet all the 3 guidelines combined. Majority of children/adolescents attain the sleep guideline (86.0%, 95% CI=85.2%, 86.7%), but a lower proportion meet physical activity (23.0%, 95% CI=22.1%, 23.9%) or screen time (32.9%, 95% CI=31.9%, 33.8%) guidelines. A substantial age effect was identified, with prevalence of meeting each distinct guideline and all the 3 declining with age (p<0.001).ConclusionsFew U.S. children meet all the 3 movement guidelines, with prevalence rates of children meeting guidelines declining with age. Although many meet sleep guidelines, few meet physical activity or screen time guidelines. Initiatives targeting physical activity and screen time, especially for adolescents, should be pursued.
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Project description:BACKGROUND:In our modern society, physical activity (PA) is decreasing and sedentary time (ST) is increasing, especially for children from disadvantaged neighborhoods. School-based interventions to promote PA and decrease ST are therefore required among this population in order to change children's lifestyle habits. Moreover, attentional capacities and academic achievement can be enhanced by chronic PA during childhood. The relationships between these variables have been poorly studied with this population. OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study is to present the rationale and methods for a randomized controlled trial among 6-10-year-old children with low socioeconomic status that will (1) evaluate the effectiveness of a school-based intervention designed to promote PA and reduce ST and (2) study the relationships between PA, ST, motor skills, attentional capacities, and academic achievement. METHODS:A randomized controlled trial was conducted in 2 eligible primary schools. During academic year 2016-2017, 1 school was randomly assigned as the experiment one and the other was assigned as the control one. Five assessments times were used: baseline (T1 [November 2016] to T2 [June 2017]), follow-up (T3 [November 2017] to T4 [June 2018]), and final assessment (T5 [June 2019]). The school-based intervention included various components on different levels of the socioecological model: (1) curriculum-based program for children; (2) sensitization workshops and newsletters for parents; (3) training workshops for teachers; (4) environmental adaptation of playgrounds and reorganization of recess time; (5) time adaptation of lunch breaks; and (6) collaboration with political groups. PA, ST, motor skills, and attentional capacities were evaluated and academic achievement was recorded. RESULTS:The presented intervention and its different assessments have been successfully implemented. In order to achieve the 2 objectives of this randomized controlled trial, data analyses are about to be completed. CONCLUSIONS:The implementation of this randomized controlled trial can help to determine effective strategies to promote PA in the context of increasing prevalence of physical inactivity among children with sedentary lifestyle which will be useful for researchers, stakeholders, and public policy makers. TRIAL REGISTRATION:ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03983447; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03983447. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID):RR1-10.2196/17815.
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Project description:BACKGROUND:Children and young people make up an age group most vulnerable to falls. Various stability disorders may become instrumental in sustaining more frequent falls and resultant fractures. Correct morphological structure impacts overall efficiency of the foot, as well as offers significant diagnostic potential. Even minor foot disorders may affect the entire bio kinematic chain, also impacting the foot's motility. Structural alterations within a foot may also impair balance in the standing position, and contribute to more frequent injuries. The study aimed to assess the relationship between feet deformities and postural stability deficits in schoolchildren prone to sustain accidental falls. METHODS:The study involved 200 children (101 girls and 99 boys) aged 10-15?years, randomly selected from primary schools. A 2D podoscan was used to assess the plantar part of the foot, while stabilometric examination was aided by the FreeMed dynamometric platform. RESULTS:Correlation between respective variables was reflected by Spearman's rank coefficient. The subjects' age negatively correlated with the COP range of movement along the Y axis, and the COP surface area, while their BMI negatively correlated with the COP trajectory's length. Step regression analysis indicated that the width of the left foot, the left foot Wejsflog index, the left foot Clark's angle, the hallux valgus angle were the essential predictors of stabilometric variables in girls. In boys, though, predictive value was associated with Clarke's angle of the left and right foot, Wejsflog index of the right foot, and the width of both the left and right foot. CONCLUSIONS:There is a statistically significant correlation between morphological variables of the foot and postural stability. When assessing the key variables of the foot and their interrelationship with postural stability, the Clarke's angle, Wejsflog index, hallux valgus angle, and foot width, should be granted due prominence in the girls. As regards the boys, the following variables were established as predictive in assessing postural stability: Clarke's angle, Wejsflog index, and foot width.
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Project description:High quality, longitudinal data describing young people's screen use across a number of distinct forms of screen activity is missing from the literature. This study tracked multiple screen use activities (passive screen use, gaming, social networking, web searching) amongst 10- to 17-year-old adolescents across 24 months.This study tracked the screen use of 1948 Australian students in Grade 5 (n =?636), Grade 7 (n =?672), and Grade 9 (n =?640) for 24 months. At approximately six-month intervals, students reported their total screen time as well as time spent on social networking, passive screen use, gaming, and web use. Patterns of screen use were determined using latent growth curve modelling.In the Grades 7 and 9 cohorts, girls generally reported more screen use than boys (by approximately one hour a day), though all cohorts of boys reported more gaming. The different forms of screen use were remarkably stable, though specific cohorts showed change for certain forms of screen activity.These results highlight the diverse nature of adolescent screen use and emphasise the need to consider both grade and sex in future research and policy.
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Project description:OBJECTIVE:To verify the prevalence of sleep quality and duration and its association with the level of physical activity, screen time and nutritional status in adolescents. METHODS:This is a cross-sectional study with 1,432 adolescents (53.1%, female), ten to 14 years old (12.0±1.0 year) from public schools in Joao Pessoa, Northeast Brazil. Physical activity (?300 vs. <300 minutes/week), screen time (?2 vs. >2 h/day) and duration (<8 vs. ?8 h/day) and perception of sleep quality (negative vs. positive perception) were measured by questionnaire. Nutritional status was assessed by body mass index (low weight / normal weight vs. overweight / obesity). Binary logistic regression was used to analyze association between variables, considering different aggregation of negative factors. RESULTS:The prevalence of insufficient duration and negative perception of sleep quality was 12.6% (95%CI 10.9-14.4) and 21.0% (95%CI 18.9-23.1), respectively. There was a linear trend in the chance of the adolescents to present insufficient duration of sleep as a result of simultaneous negative factors (physical inactivity, excessive screen time, being overweight) (OR=4.31; 95%CI 1.50-12.48). CONCLUSIONS:Adolescents exposed simultaneously to low levels of physical activity, excessive screen time and overweight had a lower sleep duration.
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