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The complete mitochondrial genome of an egg parasitoid (Trichogramma chilonis).

ABSTRACT: Trichogramma chilonis Ishii is an important natural enemy of several lepidopterous pests on crops. In this study, we sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome of T. chilonis (GenBank accession number MW789210). The length of the complete mitochondrial genome was 16,147 bp, containing 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes, and a non-coding control region. The overall base composition of the genome in descending order was 44.8% T, 41.8% A, 9.0% G and 4.5% C, with a significant AT bias of 86.6%. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that T. chilonis had a close relationship with Trichogramma ostriniae.

SUBMITTER: Liu Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8279149 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Complete mitochondrial genome of a parasitoid, <i>Trichogramma chilonis</i> (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Trichogrammatidae) and phylogenetic analysis.

Project description:Trichogramma chilonis is a kind of ovoid parasitic wasp, which has important application value in the biological control of pests. In this study, we sequenced and analyzed the complete mitogenome T. chilonis to compare mitogenomic structures and reconstruct phylogenetic relationships. The complete mitogenome sequence of T. chilonis is circular, 16,176 bp in size and encodes 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 ribosomal RNA genes (rRNA), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNA), and a control region (CR). Nucleotide composition is highly biased toward A + T nucleotides (85.2%). All 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs) initiate with the standard start codon of ATN and terminate with the typical stop codon TAA/TAG. Phylogenetic analyses were performed using amino acids of 13 PCGs showed that T. chilonis is closely related to Trichogramma ostriniae.

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Project description:In insects, the gustatory system has a critical function not only in selecting food and feeding behaviours but also in growth and metabolism. Gustatory receptors play an irreplaceable role in insect gustatory signalling. Trichogramma chilonis is an effective biocontrol agent against agricultural insect pests. However, the molecular mechanism of gustation in T. chilonis remains elusive. In this study, we found that T. chilonis adults had a preference for D-fructose and that D-fructose contributed to prolong longevity and improve fecundity. Then, We also isolated the full-length cDNA encoding candidate gustatory receptor (TchiGR43a) based on the transcriptome data of T. chilonis, and observed that the candidate gustatory receptor gene was expressed from the larval to adult stages. The expression levels of TchiGR43a were similar between female and male. A Xenopus oocyte expression system and two-electrode voltage-clamp recording further verified the function analysis of TchiGR43a. Electrophysiological results showed that TchiGR43a was exclusively tuned to D-fructose. By the studies of behaviour, molecular biology and electrophysiology in T. chilonis, our results lay a basic fundation of further study on the molecular mechanisms of gustatory reception and provide theoretical basis for the nutritional requirement of T. chilonis in biocontrol.

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Project description:In the framework of biological control, the selection of effective natural enemies determines the final pest control. Thus, the genetic improvement of biocontrol agents could enhance the efficiency of biocontrol programs. Although promising, this approach has rarely been applied in this field. At the intraspecific level, hybridization between divergent populations of biocontrol agents is expected to promote hybrid vigor (heterosis), but it is not clear to what extent. An even more difficult task is the ability to predict the fitness of hybrids from the biological characteristics of their parents. We investigated these general questions by crossing seven populations of the parasitoid wasp Trichogramma chilonis (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Our results show different levels of mating compatibilities among populations, including asymmetric or almost complete reproductive isolation. Hybrids' performance (fitness of the F(1) generation) ranges from inbreeding depression to heterosis. It was possible, to some extent, to predict hybrid fitness from pairwise genetic and phenotypic distances among parents, in accordance with the 'dominance' hypothesis. This may provide general guidelines for the genetic improvement of biological control agents.

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