Dataset Information

Harnessing Sorghum Landraces to Breed High-Yielding, Grain Mold-Tolerant Cultivars With High Protein for Drought-Prone Environments.

ABSTRACT: Intermittent drought and an incidence of grain mold disease are the two major constraints affecting sorghum production and productivity. The study aimed at developing drought-tolerant sorghum varieties possessing a high protein content and tolerance to grain mold with stable performance using additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) and genotype and genotype × environment interaction (GGE) biplot methods. Systematic hybridization among the 11 superior landraces resulted in subsequent pedigree-based breeding and selection from 2010 to 2015 evolved 19 promising varieties of grains such as white, yellow, and brown pericarp grains. These grain varieties were evaluated for their adaptability and stability for yield in 13 rainfed environments and for possessing tolerance to grain mold in three hot spot environments. A variety of yellow pericarp sorghum PYPS 2 (3,698 kg/ha; 14.52% protein; 10.70 mg/100 g Fe) possessing tolerance to grain mold was identified as a stable variety by using both AMMI and GGE analyses. Four mega-environments were identified for grain yield and fodder yield. Sorghum varieties PYPS 2, PYPS 4, PYPS 8, and PYPS 11 were highly stable in E2 with a low grain mold incidence. Besides meeting the nutritional demand of smallholder farmers under dryland conditions, these varieties are suitable for enhancing sorghum productivity under the present climate change scenario.

SUBMITTER: Nagesh Kumar MV

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8279770 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Similar Datasets

Project description:In this experiment, F1s produced from a 7 × 7 half-diallel cross along with their parents were evaluated to develop high yielding and saline-tolerant barley lines. The investigation focused on the general combining ability (GCA) of parents, specific combining ability (SCA) of offspring, genetic action, and heterosis of eight quantitative variables. Genetic analysis and potence ratio suggested that different degrees of dominance controlling the inheritance of the studied traits. Significant GCA and SCA variances suggested the presence of both additive and non-additive gene actions controlling the traits. However, a GCA:SCA ratio lower than 1 indicated the preponderance of the non-additive gene action involved in the expression of the traits. The parents P5 and P6 possess the genetic potential favorable for early and short stature in their F1s. Conversely, P2 and P4 were more likely to produce short F1s with high yield potential. Based on the mean performance, SCA, and heterobeltiosis, crosses P2 × P3, P2 × P7, P3 × P4, P4 × P5, P5 × P6, and P6 × P7 were selected as promising F1s for earliness, short stature, and high yield potential. These crosses are recommended for further breeding to obtain early-maturing and high-yielding segregants. To identify saline-tolerant F1s, screening was conducted in saline media prepared in half-strength Hoagland solution. The salinity stress involved exposing F1s to 100 mM NaCl for first 10 days, and followed by an increase to 150 mM until maturity. Among the F1s, five crosses (P1 × P2, P2 × P3, P3 × P5, P4 × P6, and P4 × P7) exhibited promising signs of saline tolerance based on a comprehensive evaluation of healthy seed set, K+/Na+ ratio, root volume, generation of reactive oxygen species (O2•- and H2O2), and activities of key antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR). These crosses will undergo further evaluation in the next filial generation to confirm heritable saline tolerance.

Dataset Information

Harnessing Sorghum Landraces to Breed High-Yielding, Grain Mold-Tolerant Cultivars With High Protein for Drought-Prone Environments.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets