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Protein-coding changes preceded cis-regulatory gains in a newly evolved transcription circuit.

ABSTRACT: Changes in both the coding sequence of transcriptional regulators and in the cis-regulatory sequences recognized by these regulators have been implicated in the evolution of transcriptional circuits. However, little is known about how they evolved in concert. We describe an evolutionary pathway in fungi where a new transcriptional circuit (a-specific gene repression by the homeodomain protein Matα2) evolved by coding changes in this ancient regulator, followed millions of years later by cis-regulatory sequence changes in the genes of its future regulon. By analyzing a group of species that has acquired the coding changes but not the cis-regulatory sites, we show that the coding changes became necessary for the regulator's deeply conserved function, thereby poising the regulator to jump-start formation of the new circuit.

SUBMITTER: Britton CS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8284397 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Protein-coding changes preceded cis-regulatory gains in a newly evolved transcription circuit.

Britton Candace S CS Sorrells Trevor R TR Johnson Alexander D AD

Science (New York, N.Y.) 20200101 6473

Changes in both the coding sequence of transcriptional regulators and in the cis-regulatory sequences recognized by these regulators have been implicated in the evolution of transcriptional circuits. However, little is known about how they evolved in concert. We describe an evolutionary pathway in fungi where a new transcriptional circuit (a-specific gene repression by the homeodomain protein Matα2) evolved by coding changes in this ancient regulator, followed millions of years later by cis-regu ...[more]

PMID: 31896718

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Protein-coding changes preceded cis-regulatory gains in newly evolved transcription circuit

Project description:While changes in both the coding-sequence of transcriptional regulators and in the cis-regulatory sequences recognized by them have been implicated in the evolution of transcriptional circuits, little is known of how they evolve in concert. We describe an evolutionary pathway in fungi where a new transcriptional circuit (a-specific gene repression by Matα2) evolved by coding changes in an ancient master regulator followed millions of years later by cis-regulatory sequence changes in the genes of its future regulon. We discerned this order of events by analyzing a group of species in which the coding changes in the regulator are present, but the cis-regulatory changes in the target genes have not yet occurred. In this group we show that the coding changes became necessary for the regulator’s deeply conserved function and were therefore preserved. We propose that the changes first arose without altering the overall function of the regulator (although changing the details of its mechanism) and were later co-opted to “jump start” the formation of the new circuit.

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Protein-coding changes preceded cis-regulatory gains in newly evolved transcription circuit

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