Reduction of knee joint load suppresses cartilage degeneration, osteophyte formation, and synovitis in early-stage osteoarthritis using a post-traumatic rat model.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Takahashi I
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8284605 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Zhuangguguanjie formulation (ZG) can provide noticeable relief from joint pain in patients suffering from knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, the underlying mechanism has not been fully described. Male C57BL/6 mice were administered either ZG or normal saline (NS) following surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM). At weeks 4, 6 and 8 (post-surgery), knee joints were harvested and assessed with Safranin-O staining. Blood serum was collected and tested. In vitro analysis was carried out to evaluate the effects of ZG on the expression of the OA-related genes. DMM mice indicated reduced cartilage destruction and lower blood serum biomarkers of OA (COMP1 and CTX-1) following ZG treatment. Moreover, the femoral condyle and tibial plateau histological scores were significantly reduced following ZG treatment of the DMM mice. ZG could markedly downregulate the expression of OA-related genes namely, ADAMTS5, MMP3 and MMP13, while it simultaneously upregulated collagen II as demonstrated by in vitro assays. Moreover, chondrocyte apoptosis was significantly decreased following ZG treatment. These results may be caused by the up-regulation of p-AKT expression levels, since the anti-apoptotic effects of ZG can be blocked by treatment with an AKT inhibitor. ZG is capable of preventing and/or reducing the progression of OA by inhibiting chondrocyte apoptosis via the p-AKT/Caspase 3 pathway.
| S-EPMC5835806 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Ageing or obesity are risk factors for protein aggregation in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of chondrocytes. This condition is called ER stress and leads to induction of the unfolded protein response (UPR), which, depending on the stress level, restores normal cell function or initiates apoptotic cell death. Here the role of ER stress in knee osteoarthritis (OA) was evaluated. It was first tested in vitro and in vivo whether a knockout (KO) of the protein disulfide isomerase ERp57 in chondrocytes induces sufficient ER stress for such analyses. ER stress in ERp57 KO chondrocytes was confirmed by immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and transmission electron microscopy. Knee joints of wildtype (WT) and cartilage-specific ERp57 KO mice (ERp57 cKO) were analyzed by indentation-type atomic force microscopy (IT-AFM), toluidine blue, and immunofluorescence/-histochemical staining. Apoptotic cell death was investigated by a TUNEL assay. Additionally, OA was induced via forced exercise on a treadmill. ER stress in chondrocytes resulted in a reduced compressive stiffness of knee cartilage. With ER stress, 18-month-old mice developed osteoarthritic cartilage degeneration with osteophyte formation in knee joints. These degenerative changes were preceded by apoptotic death in articular chondrocytes. Young mice were not susceptible to OA, even when subjected to forced exercise. This study demonstrates that ER stress induces the development of age-related knee osteoarthritis owing to a decreased protective function of the UPR in chondrocytes with increasing age, while apoptosis increases. Therefore, inhibition of ER stress appears to be an attractive therapeutic target for OA.
| S-EPMC8745280 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Objectives:The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive understanding of alterations in messenger RNAs (mRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) in cartilage affected by osteoarthritis (OA). Methods:The expression profiles of mRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in OA cartilage were assessed using whole-transcriptome sequencing. Bioinformatics analyses included prediction and reannotation of novel lncRNAs and circRNAs, their classification, and their placement into subgroups. Gene ontology and pathway analysis were performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs), differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs), and differentially expressed circRNAs (DECs). We focused on the overlap of DEGs and targets of DELs previously identified in seven high-throughput studies. The top ten DELs were verified by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in articular chondrocytes, both in vitro and in vivo. Results:In total, 739 mRNAs, 1152 lncRNAs, and 42 circRNAs were found to be differentially expressed in OA cartilage tissue. Among these, we identified 18 overlapping DEGs and targets of DELs, and the top ten DELs were screened by expression profile analysis as candidate OA-related genes. WISP2, ATF3, and CHI3L1 were significantly increased in both normal versus OA tissues and normal versus interleukin (IL)-1?-induced OA-like cell models, while ADAM12, PRELP, and ASPN were shown to be significantly decreased. Among the identified DELs, we observed higher expression of ENST00000453554 and MSTRG.99593.3, and lower expression of MSTRG.44186.2 and NONHSAT186094.1 in normal versus OA cells and tissues. Conclusion:This study revealed expression patterns of coding and noncoding RNAs in OA cartilage, which added sets of genes and noncoding RNAs to the list of candidate diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic agents for OA patients.Cite this article: H. Li, H. H. Yang, Z. G. Sun, H. B. Tang, J. K. Min. Whole-transcriptome sequencing of knee joint cartilage from osteoarthritis patients. Bone Joint Res 2019;8:288-301. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.86.BJR-2018-0297.R1.
| S-EPMC6609867 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive understanding of alterations in messenger RNAs (mRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) in cartilage affected by osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsThe expression profiles of mRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in OA cartilage were assessed using whole-transcriptome sequencing. Bioinformatics analyses included prediction and reannotation of novel lncRNAs and circRNAs, their classification, and their placement into subgroups. Gene ontology and pathway analysis were performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs), differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs), and differentially expressed circRNAs (DECs). We focused on the overlap of DEGs and targets of DELs previously identified in seven high-throughput studies. The top ten DELs were verified by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in articular chondrocytes, both in vitro and in vivo.ResultsIn total, 739 mRNAs, 1152 lncRNAs, and 42 circRNAs were found to be differentially expressed in OA cartilage tissue. Among these, we identified 18 overlapping DEGs and targets of DELs, and the top ten DELs were screened by expression profile analysis as candidate OA-related genes. WISP2, ATF3, and CHI3L1 were significantly increased in both normal versus OA tissues and normal versus interleukin (IL)-1β-induced OA-like cell models, while ADAM12, PRELP, and ASPN were shown to be significantly decreased. Among the identified DELs, we observed higher expression of ENST00000453554 and MSTRG.99593.3, and lower expression of MSTRG.44186.2 and NONHSAT186094.1 in normal versus OA cells and tissues.ConclusionThis study revealed expression patterns of coding and noncoding RNAs in OA cartilage, which added sets of genes and noncoding RNAs to the list of candidate diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic agents for OA patients.Cite this article: H. Li, H. H. Yang, Z. G. Sun, H. B. Tang, J. K. Min. Whole-transcriptome sequencing of knee joint cartilage from osteoarthritis patients. Bone Joint Res 2019;8:290-303. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.87.BJR-2018-0297.R1.
| S-EPMC6691371 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently closed single-stranded RNA molecules produced by reverse splicing of the precursor mRNAs of thousands of gene exons in eukaryotes. Some circRNAs play potentially important roles at the molecular level through different modes of action in physiological and pathological conditions. In recent years, it has been found that differentially expressed circRNAs are present in chondrocyte degeneration in OA and are able to modulate the inflammatory response in chondrocyte degeneration. However, the molecular mechanisms of how circRNAs regulate the inflammatory response during chondrogenic degeneration in OA have not been adequately studied. Are there other circRNAs involved in regulating the inflammatory response during knee OA chondrocyte degeneration and are there other molecular mechanisms by which circRNAs regulate chondrocyte degeneration? These scientific questions deserve relevant studies.
2022-10-15 | PXD033469 | Pride
Project description:BackgroundJoint hemorrhage is caused by trauma, ligament reconstruction surgery, and bleeding disorders such as hemophilia. Recurrence of hemorrhage in the joint space induces hemosiderotic synovitis and oxidative stress, resulting in both articular cartilage degeneration and arthropathy. Joint immobilization is a common treatment option for articular fractures accompanied by joint hemorrhage. Although joint hemorrhage has negative effects on the articular cartilage, there is no consensus on whether a reduction in joint hemorrhage would effectively prevent articular cartilage degeneration. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of joint hemorrhage combined with joint immobilization on articular cartilage degeneration in a rat immobilized knee model.MethodsThe knee joints of adult male rats were immobilized at the flexion using an internal fixator from 3 days to 8 weeks. The rats were randomly divided into the following groups: immobilized blood injection (Im-B) and immobilized-normal saline injection (Im-NS) groups. The cartilage was evaluated in two areas (contact and non-contact areas). The cartilage was used to assess chondrocyte count, Modified Mankin score, and cartilage thickness. The total RNA was extracted from the cartilage in both areas, and the expression of metalloproteinase (MMP)-8, MMP-13, interleukin (IL)-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.ResultsThe number of chondrocytes in the Im-B group significantly decreased in both areas, compared with that in the Im-NS group. Modified Mankin score from 4 to 8 weeks of the Im-B group was significantly higher than that of the Im-NS group only in the contact area. The expression of MMP-8 and MMP-13 from 2 to 4 weeks and TNF-α from 2 to 8 weeks significantly increased in the Im-B group compared with those in the Im-NS group, but there was no significant difference in IL-1β expression.ConclusionsThe results showed that joint hemorrhage exacerbated immobilization-induced articular cartilage degeneration. Drainage of a joint hemorrhage or avoidance of loading may help prevent cartilage degeneration during joint immobilization with a hemorrhage.
| S-EPMC7678279 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The osteophyte associated with osteoarthritis (OA) is a bony outgrowth formed at the margins of the affected joint through endochondral ossification-like processes. However, the mechanism of osteophyte formation and its pathogenesis are unclear. Perlecan (Hspg2), a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, is expressed in many extracellular tissues and plays critical roles in skeletal development and diseases. The aim of the present study is to identify the role of synovial perlecan in osteophyte formation using perinatal lethality rescued perlecan-knockout mice (Hspg2(-/-)-Tg) wherein perlecan expression is lacking in the synovial and other tissues, except for cartilage. We analyzed the development of osteophytes in joints of Hspg2(-/-)-Tg mice in two different animal models: the surgical OA model, in which the medial collateral ligament was transected and the medial meniscus was resected, and the TGF-?-induced osteophyte formation model. In the surgical OA model, the osteophyte size and maturation were significantly reduced in the OA joints of Hspg2(-/-)-Tg mice compared with control mice, while OA developed on the medial side of the knee joints with no differences in the cartilage degradation score or synovitis score between control and Hspg2(-/-)-Tg mice. The reduced osteophyte formation in Hspg2(-/-)-Tg mice was associated with reduced cell proliferation and chondrogenesis. In the TGF-? model, the osteophyte size and maturation were also significantly reduced in Hspg2(-/-)-Tg mice compared with control mice. Our findings suggest that synovial perlecan plays an important role in osteophyte development in OA, and they provide insights that may facilitate the development of OA therapy.
| S-EPMC3843243 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionOsteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic inflammatory disease where pro-inflammatory cytokines, damage-associated molecular patterns and macrophages play a crucial role. However, the interaction of these mediators, the exact cause, and the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) are still unclear. Moreover, the interaction of interleukin (IL)-33, platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) with other factors in the pathogenesis of KOA has not been elaborately explored.MethodTherefore, in this study, we analyzed the expression of IL-33, PDGF-BB, and MMP-9 in the knee cartilage tissue of model mice, murine KOA was induced by using the destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) model.ResultsCompared with the sham operation control group, the expression levels of PDGF-BB, IL-33, and MMP-9 were increased significantly, and the pathological sections showed obvious cartilage damage. Additionally, we assessed the levels of IL-33 and MMP-9 expression in the knee joint of KOA model mice following intervention with PDGF-BB antibody, and we found that the expression level of MMP-9 was reduced following intervention with IL-33 antibody. When the effects of the three antibodies were compared in a mouse disease model, it was discovered that the IL-33 antibody could dramatically lower the relative expression level of MMP-9, resulting in the least amount of cartilage damage and improved protection. In conclusion, inhibiting IL-33 can significantly lower inflammatory factor levels in the knee joint, including IL-33 and MMP-9, and it can improve cartilage breakdown in osteoarthritis of the knee.ConclusionOverall, the results indicate that IL-33 has a therapeutic function in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis and may be a novel target for treatment of the underlying causes of KOA. Additionally, PDGF-BB might be an upstream pathway of IL-33, and KOA's MMP-9 is an downstream pathway of IL-33.
| S-EPMC11340949 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
2017-06-23 | GSE100312 | GEO
Project description:ObjectiveTo elucidate the role of decorin, a small leucine-rich proteoglycan, in the degradation of cartilage matrix during the progression of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsThree-month-old decorin-null (Dcn-/- ) and inducible decorin-knockout (Dcni KO ) mice were subjected to surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) to induce post-traumatic OA. The OA phenotype that resulted was evaluated by assessing joint morphology and sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) staining via histological analysis (n = 6 mice per group), surface collagen fibril nanostructure via scanning electron microscopy (n = 4 mice per group), tissue modulus via atomic force microscopy-nanoindentation (n = 5 or more mice per group) and subchondral bone structure via micro-computed tomography (n = 5 mice per group). Femoral head cartilage explants from wild-type and Dcn-/- mice were stimulated with the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in vitro (n = 6 mice per group). The resulting chondrocyte response to IL-1β and release of sGAGs were quantified.ResultsIn both Dcn-/- and Dcni KO mice, the absence of decorin resulted in accelerated sGAG loss and formation of highly aligned collagen fibrils on the cartilage surface relative to the control (P < 0.05). Also, Dcn-/- mice developed more salient osteophytes, illustrating more severe OA. In cartilage explants treated with IL-1β, loss of decorin did not alter the expression of either anabolic or catabolic genes. However, a greater proportion of sGAGs was released to the media from Dcn-/- mouse explants, in both live and devitalized conditions (P < 0.05).ConclusionIn post-traumatic OA, decorin delays the loss of fragmented aggrecan and fibrillation of cartilage surface, and thus, plays a protective role in ameliorating cartilage degeneration.
| S-EPMC7486252 | biostudies-literature