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Effects of Oral Exposure to Mn-Doped ZnS Quantum Dots on Intestinal Tract and Gut Microbiota in Mice.

ABSTRACT: Mn-doped ZnS quantum dots (QDs) with excellent optical properties have been explored in a wide range of fields. Their potential adverse effects on biological systems and human health should be evaluated before biological application. In the present study, we investigated the effect of Mn-doped ZnS QDs on the intestinal tract and gut microbiota structures at 2 h and 14 days (d) after 14 d repeated oral exposure in mice. Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FAAS), histopathological examination, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to assess the absorption and toxicity of Mn-doped ZnS QDs on the intestinal tract. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to evaluate the gut microbial communities. Mn-doped ZnS QDs did not accumulate in the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, or colon. The Zn content of feces was not significantly higher than in the control group. No major histological changes were found in these tissues. The intestinal microvilli remained regular, but swelling of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum was detected by TEM at 14 d after the last gavage. A total of 2,712 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were generated. Mn-doped ZnS QDs treatment did not significantly change the α-diversity of Richness, Chao1, Shannon, and Simpson indexes. According to principal component analysis (PCA), Mn-doped ZnS QDs had no effect on the overall structure of the gut microbiota. No significant change occurred at the phylum level, while three genera were downregulated at 2 h and seven changed at 14 d after the last gavage. Our findings revealed that Mn-doped ZnS QDs had a little stimulation of the intestinal tract and gut microbiota, and oral administration may be a safe route for biological application (such as bioimaging and drug delivery).

SUBMITTER: Yang Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8290145 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Nanotechnology is a growing industry with wide ranging applications in consumer product and technology development. In the biomedical field, nanoparticles are finding increasing use as imaging agents for biomolecular labeling and tumor targeting. The nanoparticle physiochemical properties must be tailored for the specific application. For example, nanoparticle chemical and physical stability in the biological milieu (no oxidation, aggregation, agglomeration or toxicity) are often required. Nanoparticles used for biomolecular fluorescent imaging should also have high quantum yield (QY). The aim of this paper is to examine the QY, stability, and cell toxicity of a series of positive, negative and neutral surface charge quantum dot (QD) nanoparticles. Simple protocols are described to prepare water soluble QDs by modifying the surface with thiol containing antioxidant ligands and polymers keeping the QD core/shell composition constant. The ligands used to produce negatively charged QDs include glutathione (GSH), N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA), tiopronin (TP), bucilliamine (BUC), and mercaptosuccinic acid (MSA). Ligands used to produce positively charged QDs include cysteamine (CYS) and polyethylenimine (PEI). Dithiothreitol (DTT) was used to produce neutral charged QDs. Commercially available nonaqueous octadecylamine (ODA) capped QDs served as the starting material. Our results suggest that QD uptake and cytotoxicity are both dependent on surface ligand coating composition. The negative charged GSH coated QDs show superior performance exhibiting low cytotoxicity, high stability, high QY and therefore are best suited for bioimaging applications. PEI coated QD also show superior performance exhibiting high QY and stability. However, they are considerably more cytotoxic due to their high positive charge which is an advantageous property that can be exploited for gene transfection and/or tumor targeting applications. The synthetic procedures described are straightforward and can be easily adapted in most laboratory settings.

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Effects of Oral Exposure to Mn-Doped ZnS Quantum Dots on Intestinal Tract and Gut Microbiota in Mice.

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