Association of blood pressure and renal outcome in patients with chronic kidney disease; a post hoc analysis of FROM-J study.
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SUBMITTER: Tsuchida-Nishiwaki M
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8298520 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Background:The significance of ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) in Korean patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in relation to renal outcome or death remains unclear. We investigated the role of ABP in predicting end-stage renal disease or death in patients with CKD. Methods:We enrolled 387 patients with hypertension and CKD who underwent ABP monitoring and were followed for 1 year. Data on clinical parameters and outcomes from August 2014 to May 2018 were retrospectively collected. The composite endpoint was end-stage renal disease or death. Patients were grouped according to the mean ABP. Results:There were 66 endpoint events, 52 end-stage renal disease cases, and 15 mortalities. Among all patients, one developed end-stage renal disease and died. Mean ABP in the systolic and diastolic phases were risk factors for the development of composite outcome with hazard ratios of 1.03 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01-1.04; P < 0.001) and 1.04 (95% CI, 1.02-1.07; P = 0.001) for every 1 mmHg increase in BP, respectively. Patients with mean ABP between 125/75 and 130/80 mmHg had a 2.56-fold higher risk for the development of composite outcome (95% CI, 0.72-9.12; P = 0.147) as compared to those with mean ABP ? 125/75 mmHg. Patients with mean ABP ? 130/80 mmHg had a 4.79-fold higher risk (95% CI, 1.68-13.70; P = 0.003) compared to those with mean ABP ? 125/75 mmHg. Office blood pressure (OBP) was not a risk factor for the composite outcome when adjusted for covariates. Conclusion:In contrast to OBP, ABP was a significant risk factor for end-stage renal disease or death in CKD patients.
| S-EPMC7105625 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The target blood pressure (BP) value is unclear for diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effect of strict BP control or 'on treatment' BP on clinical outcomes in patients with DKD. A post-hoc analysis of the prespecified secondary outcomes of the FimAsartaN proTeinuriA SusTaIned reduCtion in comparison with losartan in diabetic chronic kidney disease (FANTASTIC) trial, a randomized multicenter double-blind phase III trial. Eligible patients were aged ≥ 19 years with DKD. We assigned 341 participants with DKD to BP control strategy (standard-systolic BP [SBP] < 140 mmHg versus strict-SBP < 130 mmHg). The outcome was the occurrence of cardiovascular events and renal events. Separate analyses were performed to compared the risk of outcome according to achieved average BP levels. A total of 341 participants were included in the analysis. Over a median follow-up of 2.8 years, cardiovascular/renal events were observed in 25 (7.3%) participants. Mean (SD) SBPs in the standard and strict BP control group were 140.2 (11.6) and 140.2 (11.9) mmHg, respectively. The strict BP control group did not show significantly reduced risk of cardiovascular/renal events (HR 1.32; 95% CI 0.60-2.92]). In the post-hoc analyses using achieved BP, achieved average SBP of 130-139 mmHg resulted in reduced risk of cardiovascular/renal events (HR 0.15; 95% CI 0.03-0.67) compared to achieved average SBP ≥ 140 mmHg, whereas further reduction in achieved average SBP < 130 mmHg did not impart additional benefits. In patients with DKD, targeting a SBP of less than 130 mmHg, as compared with less than 140 mmHg, did not reduce the rate of a composite of cardiovascular and renal events. Achieved SBP of 130-139 mmHg was associated with a decreased risk for the primary outcome in patients with DKD. ClinicalTirals.gov Identifier: NCT02620306, registered December 3, 2015. ( https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02620306 ).
| S-EPMC11293031 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The pathophysiological mechanisms of renal function progression in chronic kidney disease (CKD) have still not been completely explored. In addition to well-known traditional risk factors, non-traditional risk factors, such as endothelial dysfunction, have gradually attracted physicians' attention. Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) impairs endothelial function through preventing angiopoietin-1 from binding to Tie2 receptor. Whether Ang-2 is associated with renal function progression in CKD is unknown.This study enrolled 621 patients with stages 3-5 CKD to assess the association of circulating Ang-2 with commencing dialysis, doubling creatinine and rapid decline in renal function (the slope of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) greater than 5 ml/min per 1.73 m2/y) over follow-up of more than 3 years.Of all patients, 224 patients (36.1%) progressed to commencing dialysis and 165 (26.6%) reached doubling creatinine. 85 subjects (13.9%) had rapid decline in renal function. Ang-2 quartile was divided at 1494.1, 1948.8, and 2593.1 pg/ml. The adjusted HR of composite outcomes, either commencing dialysis or doubling creatinine was 1.53 (95% CI: 1.06-2.23) for subjects of quartile 4 compared with those of quartile 1. The adjusted OR for rapid decline in renal function was 2.96 (95% CI: 1.13-7.76) for subjects of quartile 4 compared with those of quartile 1. The linear mixed-effects model shows a more rapid decrease in eGFR over time in patients with quartile 3 or more of Ang-2 than those with the lowest quartile of Ang-2.Ang-2 is an independent predictor of adverse renal outcome in CKD. Further study is needed to identify the pathogenic role of Ang-2 in CKD progression.
| S-EPMC4184837 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Inflammation is a pathogenic factor in renal injury, but whether inflammation is related to renal outcome in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients is little known. We thus assess the association of inflammation and renal outcome in an advanced CKD cohort. This study analyzed the association between inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein (hsCRP), white blood cell (WBC) count and ferritin, renal replacement therapy (RRT) and rapid renal progression (estimated GFR slope<-6 ml/min/1.73 m²/y) in 3303 patients with stage 3-5 CKD. In all subjects, the mean hsCRP, WBC count, and ferritin levels were 1.2 (0.4, 5.4) mg/L, 7.2±2.3×10³ cells/µL, and 200 (107,349) ng/mL, respectively. During a mean 3.2-year follow-up, there were 1080 (32.7%) subjects commencing RRT, and 841(25.5%) subjects presenting rapid renal progression. Both hsCRP and ferritin were associated with increased risk for RRT with the adjusted HR (tertile 3 versus tertile 1?1.17 ?1.01-1.36? and 1.20 ?1.03-1.40?, respectively). Both hsCRP and ferritin were associated with increased odds for rapid renal progression with the adjusted OR (tertile 3 versus tertile 1?1.40 ?1.13-1.77? and 1.32 ?1.06-1.67?, respectively). hsCRP and ferritin stratified by albumin were also associated with RRT and rapid renal progression. Instead, WBC count was not associated with renal outcome. In conclusion, elevated levels of hsCRP and ferritin are risk factors associated with RRT and rapid renal progression in advanced CKD patients.
| S-EPMC3534111 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background: Blood pressure (BP) variation may result in poor cardiovascular and renal outcomes. We investigated the pattern of seasonal BP change and its association with outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) living in southern Taiwan. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of a prospective observational cohort consisting of outpatients with CKD for the period between December 2014 and December 2019. These patients were grouped according to the pattern of seasonal BP variation, namely, consistently higher average systolic BP (≥8 mmHg) in wintertime than summertime (Group A), consistently lower average systolic BP (≥8 mmHg) in wintertime than summertime (Group B), large variation of average systolic BP (≥8 mmHg) without a specific pattern related to weather (Group C), and little fluctuation of average systolic BP (<8 mmHg) throughout the years (Group D). The study endpoints were ≥40% reduction in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), end stage renal disease (initiation of dialysis or transplantation), or death. Results: We analyzed 507 eligible patients, of whom 17.2% exhibited consistent BP elevation in the wintertime. There were 56.8% of patients conducting regular home BP monitoring. Cox regression analysis showed home BP monitoring was independently associated with better outcome in 507 CKD patients (HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.56-0.94, P = 0.0162). Compared with the other three groups, patients with BP elevation in the wintertime (Group A) were older, had a higher prevalence of diabetic nephropathy and nephrotoxic agent use, a lower prevalence of statin use, higher eGFR decline rate, and a worse outcome. Patients with BP reduction in the wintertime (Group B) were associated with the best outcome. Cox regression analysis indicated that consistent BP elevation in the wintertime in 288 CKD patients with home BP monitoring was significantly associated with a worse composite outcome (i.e., ≥40% reduction in eGFR, end stage renal disease, or death) after adjustment for various confounding factors. Conclusion: Home BP monitoring is crucial, and associated with better outcome in CKD patients. Consistent home BP elevation from summertime to wintertime in patients with CKD was associated with a poorer composite outcome.
| S-EPMC8192714 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Few studies have compared different blood pressure (BP) indexes for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) risk among individuals with chronic kidney disease.We examined the relationship between systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), pulse pressure (PP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) and ESRD risk among 2,772 participants with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min/1.73 m(2) calculated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation in the REasons for the Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study. BP was measured during a baseline study visit between January 2003 and October 2007 with ESRD incidence through August 2009 ascertained via linkage with the United States Renal Data System (n = 138 ESRD cases).The mean age was 72.1(standard deviation: 8.7) years. After multivariable adjustment for socio-demographic and clinical risk factors including antihypertensive medication use, the hazard ratio (HR) for ESRD associated with one standard deviation higher SBP (18 mm Hg) was 1.67, (95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.43-1.96), DBP (11 mm Hg) was 1.38, (95% CI 1.16-1.63), PP (15 mm Hg) was 1.50, (95% CI 1.27-1.78) and MAP (11 mm Hg) was 1.54, (95% CI 1.32-1.79). Higher levels of SBP remained associated with an increased HR for ESRD after additional adjustment for DBP (1.65, 95% CI: 1.35-2.01), PP (1.73, 95% CI: 1.32-2.26), and MAP (1.61, 95% CI: 1.16-2.23). After adjustment for SBP, the other BP indexes were not significantly associated with incident ESRD.These data suggest that of several blood pressure indexes including DBP, PP and MAP, SBP may have the strongest association with ESRD incidence among individuals with reduced eGFR.
| S-EPMC3784349 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Importance:Optimal blood pressure (BP) management in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) slows progression to end-stage renal disease. Studies often base progression risk on a single baseline BP measurement, which may underestimate risk. Objective:To determine whether time-varying BP measurements are associated with a higher risk of progression of CKD than baseline BP measurements. Design, Setting, and Participants:The ongoing longitudinal, prospective cohort study Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKID) recruited children from January 19, 2005, through March 19, 2014, from pediatric nephrology centers across North America, with data collected at annual study visits. Participants included children aged 1 to 16 years with a diagnosis of CKD and a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 30 to 90 mL/min/1.73 m2. Data were analyzed from February 11, 2005, through February 13, 2018. Exposures:Office BP measurement classified as less than 50th percentile, 50th to less than 90th percentile, or at least 90th percentile. Blood pressure categories were treated as time fixed (baseline) or time varying (updated at each visit) in models. Main Outcomes and Measures:A composite renal outcome (50% GFR reduction from baseline, estimated GFR less than 15 mL/min/1.73 m2, or dialysis or transplant). Pooled logistic models using inverse probability weighting estimated the hazard odds ratio (HOR) of the composite outcome associated with each BP category stratified by CKD diagnosis. Results:A total of 844 children (524 [62.1%] male; median age, 11 [interquartile range, 8-15] years; 151 [17.9%] black; 580 [68.7%] with nonglomerular CKD; and 264 [31.3%] with glomerular CKD) with complete baseline data and median follow-up of 4 (interquartile range, 2-6) years were included. One hundred ninety-six participants with nonglomerular diagnoses (33.8%) and 99 with glomerular diagnoses (37.5%) reached the composite outcome. Baseline systolic BP in at least the 90th percentile was associated with a higher risk of the composite outcome (HOR for nonglomerular disease, 1.58 [95% CI, 1.07-2.32]; HOR for glomerular disease, 2.85 [95% CI, 1.64-4.94]) compared with baseline systolic BP in less than the 50th percentile. Time-fixed estimates were substantially lower compared with time-varying systolic BP percentile categories (HOR among those with nonglomerular CKD, 3.75 [95% CI, 2.53-5.57]; HOR among those with glomerular diagnoses, 5.96 [95% CI, 3.37-10.54]) comparing those at or above the 90th percentile vs below the 50th percentile. Adjusted models (adjusted for proteinuria and use of antihypertensives) attenuated the risk in nonglomerular CKD (adjusted HOR for baseline measurement, 1.52 [95% CI, 0.98-2.36]; adjusted HOR for time-varying measurement, 2.25 [95% CI, 1.36-3.72]) and in glomerular CKD (adjusted HOR for baseline, 0.97 [95% CI, 0.39-2.36]; adjusted HOR for time-varying measurement, 1.41 [95% CI, 0.65-3.03]). Similar results were observed for diastolic BP. Conclusions and Relevance:Among children with nonglomerular CKD included in this study, elevated time-varying BP measurements were associated with a greater risk of CKD progression compared with baseline BP measurement. This finding suggests that previous studies using only baseline BP likely underestimated the association between BP and CKD progression.
| S-EPMC7236873 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and hypertension have increased blood pressure variability (BPV), which has been associated with lower neurocognitive test scores in adults. Children with CKD are at risk for decreased neurocognitive function. Our objective was to determine whether children with CKD and increased BPV had worse performance on neurocognitive testing compared with children with CKD and lower BPV.This was a cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis of the relation between BPV and neurocognitive test performance in children ?6 years enrolled in the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) study. Visit-to-visit BPV was assessed by the standard deviation of visit BPs (BPV-SD) and average real variability (ARV). Ambulatory BPV was assessed by SD of wake and sleep periods on 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring.We assessed 650 children with a mean follow-up period of 4.0 years. Children with systolic visit-to-visit BPV in the upper tertile had lower scores on Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS) Verbal Category Switching than those with BPV in the lower tertile (BPV-SD, 8.3 vs. 9.5, p?=?0.006; ARV, 8.5 vs. 9.6, p?=?0.02). On multivariate analysis, the association between lower Category Switching score and increased BPV remained significant after controlling for mean BP, demographic characteristics, and disease-related variables [BPV-SD, ??=?-0.7, 95 % confidence interval (CI) -1.28 to -0.12; ARV, ? = -0.54, CI -1.05 to -0.02). Ambulatory BPV was not independently associated with any cognitive measure.Higher systolic visit-to-visit BPV was independently associated with decreased D-KEFS Category Switching scores in children with mild-to-moderate CKD.
| S-EPMC5042825 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background:The 24-hour mean blood pressure (mBP) is the best predictor of organ damage; however, it is not easily applicable in clinical practice. The APrODiTe study suggested that systolic blood pressure (SBP) values at 7:00 AM and 9:30 PM were associated with the 24-hour mSBP in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We investigated the association of the SBP values at these time-points with the renal outcomes in patients with diabetic CKD during 1-year follow-up. Methods:Ninety-six patients with diabetic CKD were included at 1-year follow-up. The renal outcomes were an increase in the random urine protein/creatinine ratio or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) deterioration, which means a decrease in eGFR ?5 mL/min/1.73 m2 compared to the baseline values. Results:The baseline SBP values at 7:00 AM, and 9:30 PM, and the 24-hour mSBP were 135.6±24.9 mmHg, 141.7±25.6 mmHg, and 136.4±20.7 mmHg, respectively. The SBP values measured at the same time-points after 1 year were similar to those at baseline. The SBP at 7:00 AM was significantly associated with eGFR deterioration in the univariate and multivariate analyses (odds ratio [OR]: 1.032; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.006-1.059; p=0.016). The SBP at 7:00AM and 24-hour mSBP did not show a concordant association with sustained proteinuria in the linear and logistic analyses. In the subgroup analysis, the association between the SBP at 7:00 AM and eGFR deterioration persisted in patients with CKD stage 3-5 (OR: 1.041; 95% CI: 1.010-1.073; p=0.010). Conclusion:The SBP at 7:00 AM, in addition to the 24-hour mSBP, is also associated with eGFR deterioration in patients with diabetic CKD, particularly in those with CKD stage 3-5.
| S-EPMC6962443 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:in chronic kidney disease (CKD), hypertension is associated with poor outcomes at ages <70 years. At older ages, this association is unclear. We tested 10-year mortality and cardiovascular outcomes by clinical systolic blood pressure (SBP) in older CKD Stages 3 and 4 patients without diabetes or proteinuria. METHODS:retrospective cohort in population representative primary care electronic medical records linked to hospital data from the UK. CKD staged by CKD-EPI equation (?2 creatinine measurements ?90 days apart). SBPs were 3-year medians before baseline, with mean follow-up 5.7 years. Cox competing models accounted for mortality. RESULTS:about 158,713 subjects with CKD3 and 6,611 with CKD4 met inclusion criteria. Mortality increased with increasing CKD stage in all subjects aged >60. In the 70 plus group with SBPs 140-169 mmHg, there was no increase in mortality, versus SBP 130-139. Similarly, SBPs 140-169 mmHg were not associated with increased incident heart failure, stroke or myocardial infarctions. SBPs <120 mmHg were associated with increased mortality and cardiovascular risk. At ages 60-69, there was increased mortality at SBP <120 and SBP >150 mmHg.Results were little altered after excluding those with declining SBPs during 5 years before baseline, or for longer-term outcomes (5-10 years after baseline). CONCLUSIONS:in older primary care patients, CKD3 or 4 was the dominant outcome predictor. SBP 140-169 mmHg having little additional predictive value, <120 mmHg was associated with increased mortality. Prospective studies of representative older adults with CKD are required to establish optimum BP targets.
| S-EPMC6504072 | biostudies-literature