Project description:We report a case of a 16-year-old man in cardiogenic shock secondary to On-X mitral prosthesis dysfunction due to leaflet embolization through aortic mechanical prosthesis. He underwent an emergency redo mitral valve replacement and, a few days later, leaflet removal by open aortic surgery with full recovery.
Project description:Coronary artery obstruction is an uncommon yet devastating complication of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and may necessitate leaflet modification. A 38-year-old man presented to our center with quadricuspid aortic valve with severe aortic regurgitation. Double leaflet modification was performed with the Bioprosthetic or native Aortic Scallop Intentional Laceration to prevent Iatrogenic Coronary Artery obstruction (BASILICA) technique prior to TAVR, creating 6 leaflets from 4. The patient tolerated the procedure well with symptomatic improvement. Follow-up transthoracic echocardiogram showed normal bioprosthetic aortic valve function. This case demonstrates feasibility of this procedure with comprehensive preprocedural analysis and intraprocedural imaging guidance.
Project description:We report a hybrid procedure of robotic-assisted coronary artery bypass grafting and transcatheter aortic valve-in-valve implantation for left main disease and prosthetic aortic valve stenosis. Robotic-assisted coronary artery bypass grafting using a left internal mammary artery graft was preferred to percutaneous coronary intervention because of the complex anatomy of the coronary lesion and concerns about dual antiplatelet therapy tolerance. This was followed by a valve-in-valve procedure five days later, allowing the patient to be discharged the next day. This innovative, less invasive approach demonstrates the feasibility and potential for early recovery in appropriately selected patients with complex coronary and aortic valve disease.Learning objectiveHybrid robotic-assisted coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and transcatheter aortic valve replacement (AVR) is a feasible and less invasive approach for appropriately selected patients with complex coronary and aortic valve disease who are not good candidates for percutaneous coronary intervention or conventional CABG and surgical AVR.
Project description:BackgroundTranscatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in combination with a valve-in-valve (V-i-V) transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR) is a rare procedure in comparison to surgical therapy especially in young patients. We report on a young patient at high surgical risk, receiving a double valve implantation with two S3 transcatheter heart valves.Case summaryA 59-year-old female patient with two previous mitral valve replacements due to endocarditis and re-endocarditis experienced a new onset of severe mitral valve stenosis in combination with progredient aortic stenosis. She was admitted to the hospital with severe dyspnoea and intermittent non-invasive ventilation [New York Heart Association (NYHA) III-IV]. An interventional transapical transcatheter double valve implantation was planned and carried out due to cardiac decompensation and high comorbidity preoperatively (STS score of 6.92). At 6-month follow-up, the patient presented herself in an improved condition with reduced symptoms (NYHA I-II), a good functional status of both valves and an advanced right and left ventricular function in the echocardiogram.DiscussionEven in younger patients at high risk, a combined native TAVR and V-i-V TMVR procedure can be performed. In this case, a transcatheter SAPIEN 3 valve was transapically implanted with good clinical mid-term outcome at 6 months.
Project description:A 67-year-old man with a history of chest radiotherapy and severe aortic valve stenosis with calcification of the ascending aortic wall underwent implantation of an apicoaortic conduit from the left ventricular apex to the descending aorta. Eight years later, he presented with progressive exertional dyspnea. Imaging revealed severe native aortic valve insufficiency and calcification, with worsening left ventricular function. We decided to leave the apicoaortic conduit intact and perform transcatheter aortic valve replacement with a balloon-expandable prosthesis. Despite concerns that eliminating the obstruction across the native left ventricular outflow tract might decrease conduit flow and eventually cause graft thrombosis and peripheral embolization, we elected to move forward after a multidisciplinary discussion. The procedure resulted in angiographically and qualitatively similar forward flow across the newly implanted prosthesis and the existing apicoaortic conduit, with no hemodynamic or electrical dysfunction. The patient was discharged from the hospital the next day. At the 1-month follow-up visit, the patient felt well and reported marked functional improvement, with minimal symptoms during moderate to heavy exertion. The stroke volume index across the new bioprosthetic valve was low (13 mL/m2 at 1 mo and 18 mL/m2 at 1 y), suggesting that a substantial amount of blood was still exiting the ventricle through the left ventricle-to-aorta conduit. This report offers some guidance for treating patients with existing apicoaortic conduits and suggests that transcatheter aortic valve replacement is safe and effective if native aortic valve insufficiency develops.