Retrograde Access to Seal a Large Coronary Vessel Balloon Perforation Without Covered Stent Implantation.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Kartas A
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8302797 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:We present a case of iatrogenic aortic haematoma, developed during percutaneous coronary intervention, treated with covered stent implantation followed by a conservative approach characterised by the integration of both clinical and multimodal imaging information. This complication can lead to overt aortic dissection (28-47%), rupture (20-45%) or death (21%). In 10% of the cases it can completely regress. Guidelines for its treatment are debated because of the unpredictable natural history of intramural haematoma. Nowadays, a close follow-up with multimodal imaging is considered a valid strategy for the appropriate management of this severe condition. On the basis of the patient's clinical condition and the information obtained by multiple imaging tests (angiography, transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography and multidetector CT scan) we decided to treat our patient with medical therapy. To date, a 1-year follow-up negative for cardiac events is recorded.
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Project description:BackgroundData regarding the clinical outcomes of covered stents (CSs) used to seal coronary artery perforations (CAPs) in the all-comer population are scarce. The aim of the CRACK Registry was to evaluate the procedural, 30-days and 1-year outcomes after CAP treated by CS implantation.MethodsThis multicenter all-comer registry included data of consecutive patients with CAP treated by CS implantation. The primary endpoint was the composite of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs), defined as cardiac death, target lesion revascularization (TLR), and myocardial infarction (MI).ResultsThe registry included 119 patients (mean age: 68.9 ± 9.7 years, 55.5% men). Acute coronary syndrome, including: unstable angina 21 (17.6%), NSTEMI 26 (21.8%), and STEMI 26 (21.8%), was the presenting diagnosis in 61.3%, and chronic coronary syndromes in 38.7% of patients. The most common lesion type, according to ACC/AHA classification, was type C lesion in 47 (39.5%) of cases. A total of 52 patients (43.7%) had type 3 Ellis classification, 28 patients (23.5%) had type 2 followed by 39 patients (32.8%) with type 1 perforation. Complex PCI was performed in 73 (61.3%) of patients. Periprocedural death occurred in eight patients (6.7%), of which two patients had emergency cardiac surgery. Those patients were excluded from the one-year analysis. Successful sealing of the perforation was achieved in 99 (83.2%) patients. During the follow-up, 26 (26.2%) patients experienced MACE [7 (7.1%) cardiac deaths, 13 (13.1%) TLR, 11 (11.0%) MIs]. Stent thrombosis (ST) occurred in 6 (6.1%) patients [4(4.0%) acute ST, 1(1.0%) subacute ST and 1(1.0%) late ST].ConclusionsThe use of covered stents is an effective treatment of CAP. The procedural and 1-year outcomes of CAP treated by CS implantation showed that such patients should remain under follow-up due to relatively high risk of MACE.
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Project description:A 79-year-old woman developed a hemothorax 2 days after implantation of a permanent pacemaker. Computed tomography angiography revealed active extravasation from the left internal mammary artery. A covered stent was deployed to manage the arterial perforation. This case report explores different venous access techniques to minimize the risk of arterial injuries and describes the use of a covered stent in managing a non-grafted left internal mammary artery injury from a pacemaker implantation procedure.
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Project description:Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a complex, often underdiagnosed illness with rising prevalence in western world countries. During the past decade there has been a rapid advance especially in the field of endovascular treatment of PAD. Here we present for the first time a case reporting on the placement of coronary stent graft in a peripheral vessel for the management of a peripheral side branch perforation. Interventional angiologists or radiologists may consider such an option for complication management after injury of smaller vessels during peripheral percutaneous interventions. Further specialization and novel options of complication management as described in our case may shift the treatment from surgical to even more endovascular treatment procedures in the future.
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Project description:BackgroundIn Canada, access to clopidogrel is restricted by most provincial drug insurance plans in order to contain costs. Until April 2007, the Régie de l'assurance maladie du Québec (RAMQ) Prescription Drug Insurance Plan reviewed special access forms before approving reimbursement for clopidogrel prescriptions. We investigated the impact of this restrictive process on patient's filling of prescriptions and on all-cause mortality following coronary stenting.MethodsWe analyzed prescriptions filled and all-cause mortality in the year following a percutaneous coronary intervention among patients who underwent stent implantation between January 2000 and September 2004. We obtained administrative data from the RAMQ databases. We included patients who filled at least 1 prescription for a nonrestricted cardiovascular drug after hospital discharge. We used Cox proportional models to compare mortality rates as a function of delayed or absent outpatient clopidogrel therapy.ResultsOf 13,663 patients, 1571 (11.5%) did not fill any clopidogrel prescription despite filling at least 1 nonrestricted cardiovascular drug prescription after a percutaneous coronary intervention, and 1174 (8.6%) patients filled their clopidogrel prescription with a delay of at least 1 day (median delay 5 days) after filling the nonrestricted cardiovascular drug prescription. After controlling for pertinent covariables, not filling a clopidogrel prescription (hazard ratio [HR] 1.70, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.35-2.15) and filling with a delay (HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.01-1.80) were associated with a significant increase in all-cause mortality.InterpretationRestricted access to clopidogrel was associated with about 20% of patients either not receiving clopidogrel or receiving therapy after a delay. Delay or absence of clopidogrel therapy increased the risk of all-cause mortality after percutaneous coronary intervention with stenting.
| S-EPMC2228353 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectivesThe present study aimed to investigate the short- and long-term clinical outcomes of self-made polyurethane-covered stents (PU-CS) in patients for the management of coronary artery perforation (CAP) during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).BackgroundCoronary artery perforation is reckoned as a serious complication in PCI and associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Covered stents have been used for treating the life-threatening CAP during PCI. But in some catheterization laboratories, no commercial CS is immediately available when there is an urgent need for CS to rescue the coronary rupture site.MethodsWe retrospectively identified 24 patients who underwent 31 self-made PU-CS implantations due to CAP in Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, from June 2015 to January 2020.ResultsThe total procedural success rate of CS to seal the perforation was 79.2%. Nine patients (37.5%) developed cardiac tamponade, of which 8 patients (33.3%) underwent pericardiocentesis and 4 patients (16.7%) underwent cardiac surgeries. Except for 4 cardiac death cases (16.7%), none of myocardial infarction (MI), target lesion revascularization (TLR), and stent thrombosis (ST) was reported during hospital stay. Data from 22 patients (91.7%) were available at 610.4 ± 420.9 days of follow-up. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) occurred in 6 patients (27.3%), including 5 cases of cardiac death and one TLR case.ConclusionsSelf-made PU-CS demonstrates high rates of successful delivery and sealing of severe CAP during PCI. Although the in-hospital mortality remains high after PU-CS implantation, the long-term follow-up shows favorable clinical outcomes, indicating the feasibility of PU-CS in treating CAP.
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Project description:Right coronary artery perforation extending to the sinus of Valsalva is a rare and potentially fatal complication of percutaneous coronary intervention. There are no definite guidelines on the management strategies for such complications. Treatment modality depends on the patient's haemodynamic stability and the extent of aortic involvement. Polytetrafluoroethylene-covered stents have emerged as a revolutionary strategy, enabling efficient endovascular repair of the entry port of such dissections, particularly the coronary ostia, and obviating the need for high-risk emergent surgical intervention.A 60 year old Bangladeshi gentleman underwent a coronary angiogram following a prior inferior ST elevation myocardial infarction (MI), 1 month previously. Coronary angiography done via right radial approach using 5 FR TIG catheter showed diffuse mid RCA disease with maximum 90% stenosis. Angioplasty of the RCA was planned. The RCA was cannulated with a 6-French JR 3.5 guiding catheter (USA). The lesion was crossed by a 0.014 inch guide wire and stented with a 2.75 × 38 mm novolimus-eluting DESyne stent, after predilatation. Immediately after stenting, a Type II perforation was observed in the ostial RCA, which progressed into the right coronary sinus of Valsalva. As the patient was haemodynamically stable with no ischaemia on ECG, we attempted to seal the ostial RCA with bare metal stents. Two successive bare metal stents failed to seal the aorto-coronary dissection. Ultimately, a 3.0 × 19 mm polytetrafluoroethylene-covered stent was deployed to seal the entry port in the ostial RCA, yielding a satisfactory angiographic result with only minimal contrast staining limited to the right sinus of Valsalva. The patient was closely monitored and discharged on dual antiplatelet therapy comprising of aspirin and prasugrel. He remained asymptomatic and with follow up echocardiograms showing no pericardial effusion nor extension of the dissection.The polytetrafluoroethylene-covered stent provides a safe and effective means of sealing iatrogenic aorto-coronary dissections complicated by Ellis type II or II perforations, thus avoiding emergency surgery. However, as they are associated with increased incidence of stent thrombosis, an efficient and prolonged post-PCI antiplatelet regimen is recommended.
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Project description:Coronary artery perforation is a rare but catastrophic complication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Grade III coronary perforation and rupture invariably results in pericardial effusion and tamponade requiring urgent pericardiocentesis. Advances in coronary intervention have increased the opportunity to treat coronary artery perforation. We are reporting a case of 55 years old hypertensive female who presented with effort angina. Coronary angiogram revealed significant stenosis in the left anterior descending coronary artery. Post PCI, she had Ellis type III coronary perforation and pericardial tamponade and cardiogenic shock. The patient was resuscitated, pericardiocentesis done, autologous blood transfusion given and covered stent deployed.
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