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Smoking and Neuropsychiatric Disease-Associations and Underlying Mechanisms.

ABSTRACT: Despite extensive efforts to combat cigarette smoking/tobacco use, it still remains a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, killing more than eight million people each year. While tobacco smoking is a major risk factor for non-communicable diseases related to the four main groups-cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic lung disease, and diabetes-its impact on neuropsychiatric risk is rather elusive. The aim of this review article is to emphasize the importance of smoking as a potential risk factor for neuropsychiatric disease and to identify central pathophysiological mechanisms that may contribute to this relationship. There is strong evidence from epidemiological and experimental studies indicating that smoking may increase the risk of various neuropsychiatric diseases, such as dementia/cognitive decline, schizophrenia/psychosis, depression, anxiety disorder, and suicidal behavior induced by structural and functional alterations of the central nervous system, mainly centered on inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways. From a public health perspective, preventive measures and policies designed to counteract the global epidemic of smoking should necessarily include warnings and actions that address the risk of neuropsychiatric disease.

SUBMITTER: Hahad O

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8304236 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Smoking and Neuropsychiatric Disease-Associations and Underlying Mechanisms.

Hahad Omar O Daiber Andreas A Michal Matthias M Kuntic Marin M Lieb Klaus K Beutel Manfred M Münzel Thomas T

International journal of molecular sciences 20210706 14

Despite extensive efforts to combat cigarette smoking/tobacco use, it still remains a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, killing more than eight million people each year. While tobacco smoking is a major risk factor for non-communicable diseases related to the four main groups-cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic lung disease, and diabetes-its impact on neuropsychiatric risk is rather elusive. The aim of this review article is to emphasize the importance of smoking as a potentia ...[more]

PMID: 34298890

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Project description:BackgroundAlthough the majority of existing literature has suggested positive effects of housework on older adults' health and survival rate, the underlying mechanisms of such effects remain unclear. To address potential mechanisms, the present study examined the association between older adults' housework engagement and days of survival across 14 years and tested three potential mediation pathways in this association.MethodsFour thousand Hong Kong older adults (50% female; aged between 65 and 98 years) participated in a longitudinal study in which they reported initial housework engagement and health status across three domains (cognitive functioning, physical health, and mental health) at the baseline, and the numbers of days they survived over the subsequent 14-year period were recorded. Linear regression, Cox proportional hazard, and parallel mediation analyses were performed to examine the relationship between housework engagement and days survived, and the mediating effects of these three health factors.ResultsThe results showed a positive association between housework engagement and days survived after controlling for demographic variables (age, sex, education, marital status, subjective social status, and living alone). Physical health and mental health, but not cognitive functioning, partially mediated the relationship between housework engagement and days survived. The findings suggest that doing housework may contribute to longer survival by improving older adults' physical and mental health.ConclusionThe current study confirms positive relations of housework with health and mortality among Hong Kong older adults. As the first study examining the relationships and mediation pathways between doing housework and survival in later life, the findings advance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the positive association between housework and mortality and provide insights for future daily-life health-promotion interventions for older adults.

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Dataset Information

Smoking and Neuropsychiatric Disease-Associations and Underlying Mechanisms.

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Smoking and Neuropsychiatric Disease-Associations and Underlying Mechanisms.

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