Quality of Life and Psychological Distress in Portuguese Older Individuals with Tinnitus.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Haider HF
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8306429 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:BACKGROUND:Vasovagal syncope (VVS) patients have a reduced health-related quality of life (HRQoL). There are limited data comparing HRQoL and psychological profile in VVS patients and healthy individuals. We tested the hypothesis that VVS patients have greater impairment in both HRQoL and psychological profile compared to healthy nonfainting individuals, and that both outcome measures are negatively correlated for VVS patients. METHODS:The RAND 36-Item Health Survey (RAND36), global health visual analogue scale (VAS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Anxiety Sensitivity Index, and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule - Expanded Form were completed by healthy individuals and at baseline by VVS patients enrolled in the Second Prevention of Syncope Trial, a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of fludrocortisone for VVS. RESULTS:Data were available on 76 VVS patients (34 ± 14 years; 68% F) and 85 healthy participants (35 ± 11 years; 80% F). Compared to healthy participants, VVS patients reported poorer HRQoL on all scales of the RAND36 and the VAS. VVS patients had significantly greater anxiety, depression, and anxiety sensitivity (each P < 0.001). VVS patients had more negative affect (P < 0.001) and less positive affect (P = 0.003) compared to healthy participants. Anxiety, depression, and anxiety sensitivity were negatively correlated with HRQoL for VVS patients, but not for healthy participants. CONCLUSION:In this first direct comparison, VVS patients have a significantly reduced HRQoL and more anxiety and depression compared to healthy nonfainting individuals. For VVS patients, there is a relationship between psychological distress and HRQoL, suggesting a potential benefit from more comprehensive assessment and treatment.
| S-EPMC6358504 | biostudies-literature
Project description:OBJECTIVE:Evidence suggests improvements in positive psychological health indices (e.g., self-esteem) may explain the relationship between physical activity and quality of life (QoL) in older adults. Less is known about the role of reductions in negative psychological health indices (e.g., depression). The present study examined the effects of changes in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and psychological distress on change in QoL in older adults enrolled in an exercise program. METHODS:Older adults (N=247, Mage=65.68±4.59) participated in a six-month randomized exercise trial. Participants wore accelerometers and completed questionnaires to measure MVPA, psychological health, and QoL at baseline and post-intervention. Psychological distress was modeled as a latent factor comprised of anxiety, depression, sleep dysfunction, and stress. Structural models were used to examine the effects of changes in MVPA and distress on change in QoL. RESULTS:Increases in MVPA predicted reductions in distress from baseline to post-intervention (B=-0.10, p=0.05). In turn, reductions in distress predicted increases in QoL (B=-0.51, p=0.001). The indirect effect of MVPA on QoL through distress was also significant (p=0.05; 90% CI=0.005, 0.125). CONCLUSIONS:Findings extend previous research on the mediators of the MVPA-QoL relationship in older adults, suggesting reductions in negative psychological health outcomes may also mediate this pathway.
| S-EPMC5681423 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Introduction: Presbycusis or age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is a ubiquitous health problem. It is estimated that it will affect up to 1.5 billion people by 2025. In addition, tinnitus occurs in a large majority of cases with presbycusis. Glutamate metabotropic receptor 7 (GRM7) and N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) are some of the genetic markers for presbycusis. Objectives: To explore patterns of hearing loss and the role of GRM7 and NAT2 as possible markers of presbycusis and tinnitus in a Portuguese population sample. Materials and Methods: Tonal and speech audiometry, tinnitus assessment, clinical interview, and DNA samples were obtained from patients aged from 55 to 75 with or without tinnitus. GRM7 analysis was performed by qPCR. Genotyping of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in NAT2 was performed by PCR amplification followed by Sanger sequencing or by qPCR. Results: We screened samples from 78 individuals (33 men and 45 women). T allele at GRM7 gene was the most observed (60.3% T/T and 33.3% A/T). Individuals with a T/T genotype have a higher risk for ARHL and 33% lower risk for tinnitus, compared to individuals with A/A and A/T genotype, respectively. Being a slow acetylator (53%) was the most common NAT2 phenotype, more common in men (55.8%). Intermediate acetylator was the second most common phenotype (35.9%) also more frequent in men (82.6%). Noise exposed individuals and individuals with 'high frequency' hearing loss seem to have a higher risk for tinnitus. Our data suggests that allele AT of GRM7 can have a statistically significant influence toward the severity of tinnitus. Conclusion: For each increasing year of age the chance of HL increases by 9%. The risk for ARHL was not significantly associated with GRM7 neither NAT2. However, we cannot conclude from our data whether the presence of T allele at GRM7 increases the odds for ARHL or whether the A allele has a protective effect. Genotype A/T at GRM7 could potentially be considered a biomarker of tinnitus severity. This is the first study evaluating the effect of GRM7 and NAT2 gene in tinnitus.
| S-EPMC5672025 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:Both stigma and psychological distress affect quality of life (QOL). This study is an attempt to determine the effects of these two factors on QOL and to explore possible mediation effects between psychological distress and self-stigma in opioid-dependent individuals. METHODS:This cross-sectional study comprised 268 consecutive, treatment-seeking opioid-dependent individuals who were interviewed using the brief version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life instrument (WHOQOL-BREF), the Self-Stigma Scale-Short (SSS-S), the Chinese Health Questionnaire-12 (CHQ-12), and the Opiate Treatment Index (OTI). A series of regression models were constructed to determine if the SSS-S and CHQ-12 predict the WHOQOL-BREF scores. Moreover, a comparison of the potential mediation effects of psychological distress (as assessed by the CHQ-12) was made between the SSS-S and the WHOQOL-BREF using the Baron and Kenny procedure (including three separate regressions), along with the Sobel test. RESULTS:The CHQ-12 score was predictive of the scores for the four domains and almost all facets of the WHOQOL-BREF except the item, "Dependence on medical aids." Nonetheless, the SSS-S score predicted three of the four facets of the social QOL after adjustment of the CHQ-12 score. Psychological distress completely mediated the relation between self-stigma and the physical, psychological, and environmental domains, and partially mediated the relationship between self-stigma and social QOL (two-tailed Sobel test: p = 0.02 for each domain). CONCLUSIONS:Psychological distress has a significant impact on the QOL of treated opioid users. It appears to be a core element in reducing the negative effects of self-stigma on aspects of QOL.
| S-EPMC6364895 | biostudies-literature
Project description:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the co-occurrence of tinnitus-related distress and pain experiences alongside psychological factors that may underlie their association. METHOD:Patients with chronic tinnitus (N = 1238) completed a questionnaire battery examining tinnitus-related distress and affective and sensory pain perceptions. A series of simple, parallel- and serial multiple mediator models examined indirect effects of psychological comorbidities as well as -process variables including depressivity, perceived stress and coping attitudes. Moderator and moderated mediation analyses examined differential relational patterns in patients with decompensated vs. compensated tinnitus. RESULTS:There were significant associations between tinnitus-related distress and pain perceptions. These were partially mediated by most specified variables. Psychological comorbidities appeared to influence tinnitus-pain associations through their impact on depressivity, perceived stress, and coping attitudes. Some specific differences in affective vs. sensory pain perception pathways emerged. Patients with decompensated tinnitus yielded significantly higher symptom burden across all measured indices. Tinnitus decompensation was associated with heightened associations between [1] tinnitus-related distress and pain perceptions, depressivity and negative coping attitudes; and [2] most psychological comorbidities and sensory, but not affective pain perception. Moderated mediation analyses revealed stronger indirect effects of depressivity and anxiety in mediating affective-, and anxiety in mediating sensory pain perception in patients with decompensated tinnitus. CONCLUSION:Psychological constructs mediate the co-occurrence of tinnitus- and pain-related symptoms across different levels of tinnitus-related distress. Psychological treatment approaches should conceptualize and address individualised interactions of common cognitive-emotional processes in addressing psychosomatic symptom clusters across syndromatic patients with varying distress levels.
| S-EPMC7316290 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background. Only some studies provide sufficient data regarding the effects of nonpostbariatric (aesthetic) abdominoplasty on various aspects of quality of life. Nevertheless, when considering the effects on eating habits, publications are lacking. Therefore we decided to assess the effects of nonpostbariatric abdominoplasty on eating disorder symptoms, psychological distress, and quality of life. Materials and Methods. 64 consecutive women underwent nonpostbariatric abdominoplasty. Three outcome measures were completed: the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI), Raitasalo's modification of the Beck Depression Inventory (RBDI), and the 15D general quality of life questionnaire. Results. The mean age at baseline was 42 years and the mean body mass index (BMI) 26.4. Fifty-three (83%) women completed all the outcome measures with a mean follow-up time of 5 months. A significant improvement from baseline to follow-up was noted in women's overall quality of life, body satisfaction, effectiveness, sexual functioning, and self-esteem. The women were significantly less depressive and had significantly less drive for thinness as well as bulimia, and their overall risk of developing an eating disorder also decreased significantly. Conclusions. Abdominoplasty results in significantly improved quality of life, body satisfaction, effectiveness, sexual functioning, self-esteem, and mental health. The risk of developing an eating disorder is decreased significantly. This trial is registered with Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02151799.
| S-EPMC4259081 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionNon-motor features of cervical dystonia (CD) have been identified, including depression, anxiety, and neuropsychological deficits. The aims were: to provide a clinical neuropsychological profile of CD patients with specific focus on social cognition; assess levels of psychological distress; and investigate the relationship between non-motor features of CD, including cognitive functioning, psychological distress, CD severity, pain, and health-related quality of life (HR-QoL).MethodsA multi-domain neuropsychological assessment battery was administered to 46 participants with CD, examining cognitive and social cognitive domains. Clinical data on dystonia severity, pain, psychological distress and HR-QoL were collected.ResultsThe majority of participants with CD performed within the average range across most tests of cognition. Scores were significantly lower than standardized norms in social cognition, processing speed, and aspects of memory. High levels of anxiety (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS-A] ≥ 11, 30%) and depression (HADS-D ≥ 11; 29%) were observed. Psychological distress, CD severity, pain and HR-QoL were not significantly associated with neuropsychological functioning after controlling for multiple comparisons. Low HR-QoL was associated with higher levels of pain and psychological distress, but not severity of motor symptoms.ConclusionResults indicate that psychological distress and deficits in cognitive and social cognitive functioning are likely distinct features of CD. While motor symptoms do not appear to impact HR-QoL, pain and psychological distress were associated with low HR-QoL. Findings highlight the importance of addressing non-motor symptoms in the treatment of CD.
| S-EPMC8299967 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The psychological process how tinnitus loudness leads to tinnitus distress remains unclear. This cross-sectional study investigated the mediating role of the emotional state "stress level" and of the two components of the emotional state "arousal" and "valence" with N = 658 users of the "TrackYourTinnitus" smartphone application. Stress mediated the relationship between tinnitus loudness and tinnitus distress in a simple mediation model and even in a multiple mediation model when arousal and valence were held constant. Arousal mediated the loudness-distress relationship when holding valence constant, but not anymore when controlling for valence as well as for stress. Valence functioned as a mediator when controlling for arousal and even when holding arousal and stress constant. The direct effect of tinnitus loudness on tinnitus distress remained significant in all models. This study demonstrates that emotional states affect the process how tinnitus loudness leads to tinnitus distress. We thereby could show that the mediating influence of emotional valence is at least equally strong as the influence of stress. Implications of the findings for future research, assessment, and clinical management of tinnitus are discussed.
| S-EPMC4745045 | biostudies-other
Project description:OBJECTIVES:For patients with Crohn disease (CD), symptom reporting may not coincide with disease state; patients in remission may continue to report symptoms and pain, whereas other patients may be symptom-free despite a flare. This phenomenon has been documented in adults but only recently assessed in pediatric patients. The present study assessed the role of pain reporting and disease state in pediatric patients with CD in understanding psychological distress and quality of life. METHODS:Participants included 116 children and adolescents ages 8 to 18 years with CD who completed self-report questionnaires assessing pain, disease symptoms, depression, anxiety, functional disability, and quality of life. Physicians completed the Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index to assess disease activity (scores ?10?=?remission, scores >10?=?flare). RESULTS:Approximately two thirds of participants reported pain concordant with disease state. For patients in remission, those with pain experienced significantly increased disability and decreased quality of life compared to patients in remission without pain. For patients in a flare, those without pain experienced significantly decreased disability and depressive symptoms, and improved quality of life compared to patients in a flare with pain. CONCLUSIONS:For pediatric patients with CD, report of pain, while in remission or a flare, is associated with increased disability and reduced quality of life. Although levels of depression did not differ by disease state, depressive symptoms did differ by pain report (presence or absence) for those in a flare. Pain reporting in CD appears to be associated with both physical and psychological state and should be assessed regardless of disease activity.
| S-EPMC5637279 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess psychological functioning, quality of life, and regret about screening after a positive fecal immunochemical test (FIT) and subsequent colonoscopy, and to evaluate changes over time.MethodsThis is a prospective cohort study. Individuals aged 55 to 75 with a positive FIT that were referred for colonoscopy between July 2017 and November 2018, were invited to complete questionnaires related to psychological distress and health-related quality of life at three predefined time points: before colonoscopy, after histopathology result notification, and after 6?months. Four questionnaires were used: the Psychological Consequences Questionnaire (PCQ), the six-item Cancer Worry Scale (CWS), the Decision Regret Scale (DRS), and the 36-item Short-Form (SF-36).ResultsA total of 1066 participants out of 2151 eligible individuals were included. Patients with cancer showed a significant increase in psychological dysfunction (P =?.01) and cancer worry (P =?.008) after colonoscopy result notification, and a decline to pre-colonoscopy measurements after 6 months. In the no-cancer groups, psychological dysfunction and cancer worry significantly decreased over time (P <?.05) but there was no ongoing decline. After 6 months, 17% of participants with no cancer experienced high level of cancer worry (CWS???10). Yet, only 5% reported high level of regret about screening participation (DRS?>?25). A good global quality of life was reported in participants with no cancer.ConclusionSome psychological distress remains up to 6 months after colonoscopy in participants who tested false-positive in the Dutch bowel cancer screening program.
| S-EPMC7317528 | biostudies-literature