Dataset Information

Influence of Mirror Therapy (Specular Face Software) on Electromyographic Behavior of the Facial Muscles for Facial Palsy.

ABSTRACT: Introduction: Facial paralysis (FP) is a neuromuscular disorder caused by facial nerve injury. There are two main types of FP (which can be either primary or secondary): central and peripheral; Procedure of cases: This case series presents five patients with facial paralysis with different etiologies. In all cases, we assessed the facial disability index and a clinical test registering the electromyographic activity, with and without biofeedback generated by Specular Face, a new software program; Discussion: After performing the appropriate tests, we checked the patients' ability to change certain expressions when the Specular Face program was added. We can confirm that the mirror visual feedback therapy changes the behavior of synkinesis and the muscle function in these patients; Conclusion: The use of mirror therapy using a computerized treatment system of facial images yields promising results in modulating the muscle activity of patients with FP.

SUBMITTER: Gil-Martinez A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8308022 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Influence of Mirror Therapy (Specular Face Software) on Electromyographic Behavior of the Facial Muscles for Facial Palsy.

Gil-Martínez Alfonso A Lerma-Lara Sergio S Hernando-Jorge Alfredo A Campos-Vegas Ana A Aceval Audrey A Pagés-Scasso Rafael R Morán-Burgos Francisco F Beltran-Alacreu Hector H

Brain sciences 20210714 7

<i>Introduction:</i> Facial paralysis (FP) is a neuromuscular disorder caused by facial nerve injury. There are two main types of FP (which can be either primary or secondary): central and peripheral; <i>Procedure of cases:</i> This case series presents five patients with facial paralysis with different etiologies. In all cases, we assessed the facial disability index and a clinical test registering the electromyographic activity, with and without biofeedback generated by Specular Face, a new so ...[more]

PMID: 34356164

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Project description:ObjectivesSurface electromyography (sEMG) is a standard tool in clinical routine and clinical or psychosocial experiments also including speech research and orthodontics to measure the activity of selected facial muscles to objectify facial movements during specific facial exercises or experiments with emotional expressions. Such muscle-specific approaches neglect that facial muscles act more as an interconnected network than as single facial muscles for specific movements. What is missing is an optimal sEMG setting allowing a synchronous measurement of the activity of all facial muscles as a whole.MethodsA total of 36 healthy adult participants (53% women, 18-67 years) were included. Electromyograms were recorded from both sides of the face using an arrangement of electrodes oriented by the underlying topography of the facial muscles (Fridlund scheme) and simultaneously by a geometric and symmetrical arrangement on the face (Kuramoto scheme). The participants performed a standard set of different facial movement tasks. Linear mixed-effects models and adjustment for multiple comparisons were used to evaluate differences between the facial movement tasks, separately for both applied schemes. Data analysis utilized sEMG amplitudes and also their maximum-normalized values to account for amplitude differences between the different facial movements.ResultsSurface electromyography activation characteristics showed systematic regional distribution patterns of facial muscle activation for both schemes with very low interindividual variability. The statistical significance to discriminate between the different sEMG patterns was good for both schemes (significant comparisons for sEMG amplitudes: 87.3%, both schemes, normalized values: 90.9%, Fridlund scheme, 94.5% Kuramoto scheme), but the Kuramoto scheme performed considerably superior.ConclusionFacial movement tasks evoke specific patterns in the complex network of facial muscles rather than activating single muscles. A geometric and symmetrical sEMG recording from the entire face seems to allow more specific detection of facial muscle activity patterns during facial movement tasks. Such sEMG patterns should be explored in more clinical and psychological experiments in the future.

Dataset Information

Influence of Mirror Therapy (Specular Face Software) on Electromyographic Behavior of the Facial Muscles for Facial Palsy.

Publications

Influence of Mirror Therapy (Specular Face Software) on Electromyographic Behavior of the Facial Muscles for Facial Palsy.

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